Innovation, that is, independent intellectual property rights, is the core of implementing localization substitution. It refers to further mastering and owning core technologies and intellectual property rights through innovative technologies and improving innovative capabilities, and reducing the proportion of enterprises' dependence on imported technologies and foreign capital. Domestic substitution refers to the development or adoption of other imported substitute products by domestic manufacturers to replace the products or technologies originally dependent on imports when imported substitute products exist.
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With the changes of international situation and national strategy in recent years, the "newly-created" industry, that is, the information technology application innovation industry, has become a strategic industry.
The main goal of the new industry is to realize self-control in the field of information technology and ensure national information security. The core means is to gradually complete the construction of domestic information technology software and hardware infrastructure system and full-cycle ecosystem through large-scale application in party and government departments and eight major industries, and finally realize the comprehensive domestic substitution of ICT industry, laying a solid digital foundation for the future development of China.
In recent years, innovation policies have been intensively introduced, with party and government innovation as the guide, followed by industry innovation, and gradually expanded along the "2+8+N" system, that is, along the path of party and government and eight major industries (finance/electricity/telecommunications, etc.). ) and the whole industry.
In terms of industry innovation and application, it will start from finance, telecommunications and electric power, followed by petroleum, transportation, aerospace, education and medical care. Judging from the current progress and penetration rate of downstream industries, the financial industry will be fully rolled out from 400 pilots to more than 4,600 institutions in 2022, and the number of customers is expected to increase by 10 times.
At present, the localization rate of software and hardware in China's innovative industries is low, of which the localization rate of operating system is less than 5% and the database is less than 15%. At present, Sino-US friction has been upgraded to the field of information technology, and the urgency of domestic substitution has increased, which has broad industry space.
The newly-created eco-industrial chain is huge, and the upstream is supported by the underlying hardware and infrastructure. The midstream involves key areas of localization such as operating systems and databases, and the downstream covers a wide range. The upstream is mainly composed of hardware chips and firmware, as well as network, data center for calculation and storage, network information and the whole machine.
The middle reaches include the operating system, database and middleware of basic software, as well as IaaS, PaaS and low-code platforms that provide platform services.
Downstream includes office suites, industrial software and application software for enterprise applications, as well as solutions and industry scenarios for actual use scenarios, and finally, security subdivision of software and hardware.
At present, China has basically formed a full-stack innovation ecology in the field of innovation, from basic hardware including chips, storage, servers, PCs and printer peripherals to basic software including operating systems, databases and middleware, as well as office software and industrial application software including PDF reading software, electronic signature software and collaborative management software.