/kloc-in 0/857, he joined the anti-Qing uprising army led by Zheng San, a farmer from Guangxi, and organized local armed forces to resist the Qing army on the border of Yunnan and Guangxi. After the defeat.
1865, Liu Yongfu led a team to participate in the uprising led by Wu Yazhong, first as the vanguard of the former enemy, and then as the left-wing guard. Liu Yongfu is brave and good at fighting, and has repeatedly made outstanding achievements.
After the failure of the Taiping Revolution, the Qing Dynasty mobilized troops to besiege the peasant army in Guangxi. Liu Yongfu found it difficult to gain a foothold, and strongly suggested that Wu Yazhong move his team to the mountainous area of Peyo to deal with the Qing army. Wu Yazhong did not accept this recommendation. So Liu Yongfu led a team to leave, unique, and then held a flag-lowering ceremony in front of the Beidi Temple in Andexian, Jingxi County, Guangxi, with a seven-star black flag on its surface. Therefore, this peasant uprising army led by Liu Yongfu is called the "Black Flag Army".
1867, Liu Yongfu led more than 300 soldiers of the Black Flag Army from Daling, Guishun Prefecture to Baosheng, Vietnam, and established a base here. Liu Yongfu is loyal and caring for his subordinates, so the team has grown rapidly, expanding to more than 2,000 people.
At that time, bandits were rampant in Xinghua, Lu 'an and Heyang in the upper reaches of Hongshui River in Vietnam. Vietnamese Governor Yan longed for Liu Yongfu's reputation and asked him to send troops to suppress bandits in Xinghua. Liu Yongfu led the Black Flag Army to cut off the bandits, and the Vietnamese heir De Wang appointed Liu Yongfu as the defense envoy to protect the victory.
1874, the French commander An Ye led the troops to attack Hanoi and occupied Haiyang, Ningping and Nanding. Huang Zhi Yan, a Vietnamese officer in Yi Bei, asked for help. Liu Yongfu immediately led the Black Flag Army to come to aid and fought fiercely with the French army on the paper bridge west of Hanoi. The black flag army bravely killed the enemy and Anye, and the French army failed. Later, the King of Vietnam appointed Liu Yongfu as the deputy magistrate of San Xuan, in charge of Xuanguang, Xinghua and Shaanxi (Vietnam) provinces.
1in April, 882, the French attacked the north again, looking directly at China and Yunnan. Liu Yongfu led the Black Flag Army with 3,000 men. The two armies met on a paper bridge in the west of Hanoi. Seeing that the enemy was superior in weapons, Liu Yongfu decided to ambush the enemy on the paper bridge in Hanoi, which was called "the first paper bridge victory" in history. The King of Yue promoted Liu Yongfu as the prefect of San Xuan and the first-class baron;
1883, Wei Li, commander-in-chief of the French army, attacked Hanoi. King Yue asked for help again. Liu Yongfu led the Black Flag Army soldiers to Hanoi. On May 1 9, the Black Flag Army launched a life-and-death battle with the French invading army. The Black Flag Army killed Li Weili, the general of the French army, and wiped out 126 French soldiers, winning a great victory. This is the second paper bridge victory. After the second paper bridge victory, the King of Yue promoted Liu Yongfu to be the prefect of San Xuan, sealed a brave baron and gave him a robe. After the victory of Paper Bridge, Liu Yongfu's troops retreated to Wilder.
1in mid-August, 883, the French army attacked the Black Flag Army barracks in three ways. Liu Yongfu led the troops in a bloody battle with the French army for fourteen hours, and the French army was defeated. In view of Wilder's low terrain and vulnerability to floods, Liu Yongfu moved his military camp to Feng Dan in the west of Hanoi.
1In September, 883, the French army sent 3,000 people to besiege the Black Flag Army. Liu Yongfu commanded the soldiers to fight back heroically and fought for three days, crushing the French army.
1883 The Sino-French War broke out. In August, after the Qing government officially declared war on France, it incorporated the Black Flag Army and awarded Liu Yongfu a registered prefect.
1in March, 885, the Black Flag Army cooperated with Yunnan farmers and the Vietnamese People's Uprising Army to win a total victory in Lintao and recover more than ten counties.
1885 In June, the Sino-French Vietnam Treaty was signed, and the Qing government recognized Vietnam as a French protectorate. In September, Liu Yongfu was recalled to China.
1894 After the Sino-Japanese War broke out, the Qing government appointed Liu Yongfu to help the military affairs of Taiwan Province Province and led the Black Flag Army to cross Taiwan and enter Taiwan Province Province;
From 65438 to 0886, Liu Yongfu served as the company commander of Nan 'ao Town, Guangdong Province.
The Sino-Japanese War broke out in July 1894. Liu Yongfu, who was nearly sixty years old, was transferred from Guangdong to Taiwan Province Province to supervise the military affairs in Taiwan Province Province, and was stationed in Tainan. In April of the following year, the Qing court signed the treaty of shimonoseki with Japan, ceding Taiwan Province Province to Japan. On May 29th, the Japanese army landed at the bottom of Australia and the Sino-Japanese War broke out.
On June 4th, after Tang, the president of Taiwan's democratic country, fled to Xiamen, people supported Liu Yongfu, who was stationed in Tainan at that time, to take over as president, but Liu Yongfu refused to accept it and still called him his deputy. Tainan gentry set up parliament, and Liu Yongfu issued money to raise salary. However, because the Qing government blocked the traffic between the mainland and Taiwan Province Province and cut off all support, it turned to Zhang Zhidong and others for help, but failed to get support. A special envoy was dispatched urgently and called the governor of the coastal areas of China for salary, but no one answered. In the face of the gradual fall of Taiwan Province Province, Liu Yongfu could only command the Black Flag Army to retreat while fighting, and step by step fortified, but was finally forced to make peace with the Japanese army because of running out of ammunition. Liu Yongfu led the Black Flag Army to stay in Taiwan Province Province to lead the Anti-Japanese War. He was stationed in Tainan and cooperated with the Taiwan Province Anti-Japanese Volunteers. In Hsinchu, Miaoli, Changhua, Chiayi and other places, it dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese army and killed Lieutenant General Nengjiu, head of the main division of Japanese guards. In Taiwan Province Province, he fought a bloody battle with the Japanese for nearly five months and refused to surrender. However, because the Qing court cut off the aid to Taiwan Province, the rebels gradually retreated to Tainan, and most of Liu Yongfu's men were killed.
1895 10 The Japanese invaders attacked Tainan in three ways. Liu Yongfu and the Anti-Japanese Rebels. Anti-Japanese War, hit the enemy hard. However, due to the lack of military equipment in the city, the anti-Japanese rebels were hungry, unable to fight any more, and broke up one after another. When Tainan fell, Liu Yongfu sneaked back to the mainland. From Zhangzhou to Guangzhou, it was warmly welcomed by local officials and people along the way.
19 15, Yuan Shikai signed a traitorous treaty with Japan, and his national rights were lost. When Liu Yongfu heard the news, he called for electric warfare and invited war. However, he died in 19 17 1 at the age of 80. Buried in Huizhou West Lake.
Liu Yongfu's heroic achievements in fighting foreign invaders and defending the motherland's territory will be immortal. His patriotism is admired by people. Tian Han once wrote a poem praising: "South Vietnam worships macro and has its branches, and the profound wind is self-destructive." How dare you resign from the golden seal and raise the black flag first against the law? Don't forget what's going on in the world when you are old. When you are young, you often feel hungry. In front of the court, the longan smells like snow, just like when a general ties a horse. "Wu Pengnian (? -1895), a native of Yuyao, Zhejiang Province in the late Qing Dynasty, was a general of the Qing army in Taiwan Province Province in the late Qing Dynasty and a major general of the Black Flag Army. He was killed in the Second World War and was a national hero. Wu Zu was born in Yuyao, Zhejiang, and later settled in Shunde, Guangdong.
1894 (20th year of Guangxu) served as county magistrate.
/kloc-arrived in Taibei in the spring of 0/895 and was the staff officer of Liu Yongfu, the general company commander of the Qing army. In July, Liu Yongfu ordered 700 members of the Seven-Star Team of the Black Flag Army to be stationed at the Bagua Mountain Fort in Changhua to stop the Japanese invasion. At the beginning of August, the Black Flag Army led Yuan Jinqing to Miaoli and joined forces with Xu Xiang, Wu Tangxing, Jiang Xingzu and other rebel leaders to stop the Japanese army. In June 5438+04, the Japanese army was defeated, so they led the troops in Dajiaxi with Xu Xiang. In order to stop the Japanese invasion to the south, he led his troops to the bamboo forest on the south bank of Dajiaxi. On the 22nd, the Japanese army crossed Dajiaxi. One of them just arrived halfway, and the officers and men who were ambushing in the bamboo forest on the south bank of the river rose to stop it. The Japanese army hurried back to the ferry, and Xu Xiangjun, who was ambushed on the north shore, fought back fiercely. The Japanese army suffered heavy casualties between Scylla and Charybdis. The next day, the Japanese brigade attacked Dajiaxi again. Because of the disparity in numbers, Changhua was defeated one after another, and Daxiaxi fell. On the 26th, Taichung fell. In the early morning of the 27th, he led a desperate battle with the Japanese Guards Division under the command of Prince Nengyu of Kitashirakawa who invaded Changhua on Route 3. On the 28th, the Japanese army captured Bagua Mountain and led troops back from the south bank of Daduxi. Take the lead in battle, join forces with the remnants of Xu Xiang, and seize the commanding heights of Bagua Mountain. Under the fierce attack of Japanese artillery, he was seriously injured and fought until his ammunition was exhausted. Finally, he died heroically. Chen Shangfa (1848 ——1902), a native of Chenghai, is a pottery man. In the late Qing Dynasty, the Black Flag Army led by Liu Yongfu went to Vietnam to resist the French, and then went to Taiwan Province Province to conquer the Japanese army. Because of his outstanding military exploits, he was promoted to deputy commander of Xie Ying Town, Dapeng, Guangzhou.
Chen Shangfa was poor and his father was a sedan chair bearer. He was regarded as the lowest untouchable by the society at that time, so he was not allowed to be an official. In a rage, he and his brother Chen Zongbai went to Guangzhou to study martial arts in the Guangzhou Martial Arts School opened by Huang Guangying, the father of Lingnan Boxer. After three years of hard training, I finally developed a good martial arts. Chen followed Liu Yongfu, a famous soldier and leader of the Black Flag Army in the late Qing Dynasty, and joined the army to resist the law. At the invitation of the Vietnamese government, the Black Flag Army led by Liu Yongfu went to Vietnam to aid Hanoi twice in Tongzhi 12 (1873) and Guangxu 9 (1883), and made French troops on both sides of the Red River many times, killing French generals Anye and Li. Chen Shangfa fought bravely in the anti-French campaign, and was known as "guarding with a knife and scaring red hair". Repeatedly made meritorious military service and rose to the rank of general. Liu Yongfu entered the customs after the Sino-French War in 1885 and was incorporated by the Qing government.
1886, the court appointed Liu Yongfu as the company commander of Nan 'ao Town and appointed Chen Shangfa as the garrison of Zhong Jun, Haimen, Chaoyang. 1894, when the Sino-Japanese War broke out, the Qing court sent Liu Yongfu, the commander-in-chief of South Australia, to Taiwan Province Province to strengthen the defense, stationed in Tainan, and devoted himself to the defense of Tainan. Chen Shangfa also went to Taiwan Province with Liu. At the same time, more than 0/000 volunteers/KLOC were recruited in Chaoshan, and the Black Flag Army was rebuilt to defend against the enemy in Taiwan, repelling the Japanese attack many times and sticking to Tainan.
1In May, 895, Liu Yongfu and Chen Shangfa led the Chaozhou Black Flag Army to unite with the Taiwan Province Rebel Army and fought fiercely with the Japanese invaders in Tainan. At that time, the Qing government, represented by Cixi, advocated "avoiding war and protecting itself" and telegraphed Li Hongzhang to hold peace talks with Japan and not to send troops to Taiwan Province for reinforcements. As a result, the Black Flag Army fought alone, the Japanese army attacked the city on a large scale, Tainan fell, and Liu Yongfu had to return to Shantou by boat. In the war against France and Japan, Chen Shangfa became the main general of the Black Flag Army. After ZTE, he served as Chenghai Jiedu Division (based in Pengzhou), and later he was promoted to Xie Zhen, Fu Dapeng (now Dapeng Bay). 1902 died in any official position, and was awarded second class posthumously. Huang Feihong (1837,9-1924,65438+February), formerly known as Huang Xixiang, was born in Luzhou Village, Xiqiao, Nanhai, and was born in Foshan in the 27th year of Qing Daoguang (1847). He is a master of Lingnan Wushu. He was the youngest martial arts coach in the southern Wulin at that time. He was hired by Liu Yongfu as a military offensive coach.
1In August, 924, Chen Lianbo, general manager of Guangzhou Commercial Group, with the support of British imperialism, took advantage of Sun Yat-sen's Northern Expedition to launch an armed riot and set fire to plunder in Guangzhou. And his second wife worked hard for decades, together with the plaque written by Liu Yongfu and his only photo, were also destroyed in the war. Huang Feihong couldn't bear the heavy blow, so he became depressed. He died in February 65438 at the age of 78. Song Jingshi (1842 ~? ) the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Qing Dynasty. Guanxian people today. Being poor from a small family, I like to learn boxing sticks and practice kung fu. After a long time, he wandered the rivers and lakes, boxing and entertainment circles, and served as a martial arts coach in many places, with thousands of apprentices. He is gentle in appearance, but strong in heart. He loves to fight injustice and enjoys prestige among the local people.
1860, there was a famine in various counties in western Shandong, and farmers were forced to resist grain. He led more than 10,000 local farmers, carrying shovels and hoes, and rushed into the county government, forcing the county officials to promise free food.
In the eleventh year of Xianfeng (186 1), the Nian army entered Shandong and participated in the rebellion. In Liaocheng (now Dongchangfu District), more than 10,000 rebels were assembled in Liujiaheyi area of Shazhen, with the black flag as the symbol, known as the "black flag army".
Song Jingshi led his troops to Kesha Rose Sebert Town first, and then attacked Dongchangfu City. Due to the lack of siege tools and experience, he was bombarded by Qing artillery and failed three times. Therefore, the main force was transferred to Linqing and Qiuxian, and the peasant rebels of other flags were combined to capture Qiuxian, guanxian, Shenxian, Guantao, Yanggu, Guancheng, Chaocheng, Puxian and other 13 counties, which seriously shook the rule of the Qing government in western Shandong.
186 1 At the end of May, Sheng Bao, the right assistant minister of the Qing government who shocked China and foreign countries, sent troops to suppress the peasant rebels. Yang Tai and Zhang Jishan, the leaders of the rebel army, died one after another, and the rebel army was greatly weakened. Song Jingshi was forced to submit to Shengbao, and was made into JD.COM, and was promoted by Shengbao to wear Lanling, hold Hualing in all departments, and join ZongCan.
At the beginning of the following year, with Shengbao, he went south to Anhui to encircle the Nian army, and suffered repeated defeats and wars. After the mutiny, the camp failed. He was dismissed as a general by the Qing government.
In August of the same year, he went to Shaanxi with Shengbao to suppress the Hui rebels and restore his military status. Song Jingshi only contacted and avoided the Hui insurgents.
At the beginning of the second year of Tongzhi (1863), Song Jingshi led the troops back to Linqing, left the Qing army, recruited more than a thousand soldiers, and held another uprising. The Qing government urgently mobilized various armies to encircle the Song Jingshi Black Flag Army. Song Jingshi led his troops to fight back in Tangyi, Shenxian and Linqing, and defeated the Qing army.
Finally, the Qing army used the "foreign gun team" to force the Black Flag Army to retreat to Xiaoliu Guanzhuang in Linqing. Sang Linqin of the Qing army dug ditches and drained water outside the village in an attempt to drown the rebels. The Black Flag Army retreated quietly at night, crossing Shenxian County in the south, entering Qingfeng in the west, taking Linzhang in the north, entering Dezhou in the east, and returning to Xiajin and Gaotang. In half a month, the Qing army rushed out of the encirclement and suppression and marched for 300 miles day and night, covering more than 30 counties in the border areas of Zhi, Lu and Yu provinces. Later, he went south to Hubei and joined the Zhang Zongyu Department of Nian Army.
At the beginning of the fourth year of Tongzhi (1865), the Black Flag Army bypassed Jiangsu, re-entered Shandong, cooperated with the Nian Army, and lured the rear-end Sanglin Qinbu into the encirclement. On the night of April 24th of the same year, he defeated the Qing army in Cao Zhou (now Heze) and killed Sang Linqin.
There are different opinions about the ending of Song Jingshi: First, after the defeat of the Nian Army, the Black Flag Army moved to Dongping Lake, and Song Jingshi disappeared; After the defeat of the Nian Army, Song Jingshi lived alone in Xuzhou and Bozhou, where he worked as an entertainer and apprentice, and was killed by Mohan, the governor of Anhui Province, in 187 1 year. It is said that Song Jingshi was seen coming home at 1899 in Xiaoliuguanzhuang area.