1937 Secretary of the Central North Bureau Military Commission. Soon, he went to Cheng Qian, the first war zone of the Kuomintang to do United front work, and was appointed as the liaison director of the first war zone 18 Army Command, and served as the instructor of the guerrilla training class in northern Henan. He also founded the North China Military and Political Cadre School alone and trained a large number of anti-Japanese cadres. 1June, 939, served as the political commissar of the first column of the Eighth Route Army, and soon served as the secretary of the Central Shandong Military and Political Committee and the secretary of the Central Shandong Branch, leading the work of the party, government and army in a unified way. In the struggle between the puppet troops and the Kuomintang die-hards, combined with the actual situation, the central strategy was correctly implemented, and the anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines in Shandong Province were consolidated and developed. After the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China, he voluntarily resigned as the deputy chief of staff of the Central Military Commission and took on the heavy responsibility of forming artillery. /kloc-in the summer of 0/945, he served as acting principal of Yan 'an Artillery School.
After Japan surrendered, Comrade Zhu Rui, following the instructions of the Central Committee and the Military Commission, led Yan 'an Artillery School to the northeast, ready to receive Japanese equipment and set up a new type of people's artillery. When 165438+ artillery school teachers and students arrived in Shenyang in late 10, the situation changed suddenly. With the support of American imperialism, Chiang Kai-shek is mobilizing troops to attack the Northeast on a large scale. Our army is about to withdraw from Shenyang, and the artillery school cannot recruit students. At the same time, all the artillery equipment after the surrender of the Japanese Kwantung Army has been transported back to China by the Soviet Red Army, thus completely defeating the original plan. Faced with this change, Comrade Zhu Rui put forward the 16-character policy of "dispersing cadres, collecting weapons, developing troops and establishing family businesses". Except for sending a small number of cadres to the main force to train the backbone, all other teachers and students are scattered to collect weapons in the vast areas from Suifenhe in the east, Manzhouli in the west, Changchun in the south and Muling in the north. Under the leadership of Zhu Rui and the Party Committee of the Artillery School, through the joint efforts of all teachers and students, by May of 1946, * * * had collected more than 700 guns, more than 500,000 rounds of artillery shells, 23 tanks 12 vehicles and a large number of spare parts and various equipment, which laid a material foundation for the establishment of the Northeast Artillery.
Comrade Zhu Rui foresaw that with the collection of weapons, our artillery would develop greatly. 1in April, 946, according to the general policy of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Northeast Bureau, the working policy of "schools become troops, and troops become schools" was put forward in time, and more than 500 school cadres were dispersed to the East, West, South and North Manchuria Military Regions, the First Longitudinal and Headquarters Artillery Brigade to train troops and cultivate a large number of backbones.
1946 after the summer, due to the rapid development of our artillery, more and more cadres are needed. Comrade Zhu Rui promptly suggested that the Northeast Military Region rename Yan 'an Artillery School as the Northeast Military Region Artillery School, and immediately began enrolling students. Zhu Rui was appointed vice president and president of Northeast Military and Political University. Before the Liaoshen Campaign, the Artillery School of the Northeast Military Region trained more than 2,000 artillery cadres, which not only enriched the artillery cadres of the Northeast Military Region, but also sent hundreds of cadres to the Brother Military Region.
Our army's artillery in the northeast was developed by collecting enemy weapons in a war environment. Although it has begun to take shape, its strength is scattered, its organization is not unified, and its weapons and equipment are not matched. Even an artillery company has several caliber guns. If this situation does not change quickly, it will inevitably affect the development of the troops and the improvement of their combat effectiveness. From 1946 to 12, Comrade Jolie suggested that the military region adjust the existing artillery units. On behalf of the military region, he drafted Order No.4, which made a series of clear regulations on the organization, training, equipment and combat of artillery, which enabled our artillery to quickly enter a unified, organized and planned development stage from the original decentralized state. 1946 to 10, Comrade Zhu Rui was appointed as the artillery commander of the Northeast Democratic Coalition; 1948 65438+ 10 month, served as artillery commander of Northeast Military Region and Northeast Field Army.
In the process of adjustment and enrichment, Comrade Zhu Rui also started from the development and needs of the northeast war situation and equipped the existing artillery and equipment with the reserve anti-aircraft guns directly under the military region. At the same time, all the firepower and personnel below the reserve anti-aircraft guns and mountain guns in the military region were allocated to the vertical divisions and divisions according to the organizational system, and team guns were established. After the adjustment, the military region has established four reserve artillery regiments, each column has 1 field artillery regiment or battalion, and each division has 1 mountain artillery battalion or company, which not only enhances the independent combat capability of each longitudinal division, but also concentrates on the use of limited artillery force, greatly improving our army's ability to tackle key battles.
In order to make the artillery adapt to the needs of war as soon as possible, Comrade Zhu Rui put forward the slogan of "training hard for one month to ensure victory" and launched a massive training campaign throughout the army. At that time, the troops were stationed in scattered places, and the regiment was separated by hundreds of miles. He is travel-stained, patrolling the troops back and forth, inspecting and supervising the training.
1947+65438 10 From April to April, our army launched three battles in Jiangnan and Linjiang, Bao Si. On the basis of the previous rectification training, the artillery was eager to participate in the war, and several companies took part in the battle. In order to sum up actual combat experience, Comrade Jolie personally went to the local area to direct operations. Immediately after the battle, he held the first artillery meeting in Shuangcheng, summarizing the artillery's construction and combat experience in the past year. In his summary report, according to the historical environment and operational characteristics of our army, combined with the practice and his own experience in Kaoshantun, Jiaojialing, Chengzi Street, Dehui and other places, he put forward a series of tactical principles suitable for our army at that time, such as centralized use of firepower, quickness, accuracy, fierceness, attack, direct aiming with infantry and artillery, and close-range shooting.
These tactical principles summarized by Comrade Zhu Rui have greatly improved the combat capability of our artillery. 1947 summer offensive, with the strong cooperation of artillery, our army in the northeast swept through La (France) Kyrgyzstan (forest), captured Meihekou, made great progress, surrounded Siping, annihilated more than 80 thousand enemy troops and recovered more than 40 county seats, which fundamentally changed the situation in the northeast battlefield. 1At the second artillery conference held in Harbin in April, 1948, Comrade Zhu Rui further enriched the above principles according to the practical experience of our army's attack in summer, autumn and winter in June, 1947, thus making the operational technical level and command ability of our artillery enter a gradually mature development stage, from a medium-sized city that can only cooperate with infantry to defeat the enemy with one division.
After 1947, with the development of the war, the contradiction between supply and demand between the front and rear became more and more serious. In order to ensure the needs of the war, he personally went to the rear to preside over the logistics work. Under his correct leadership and the efforts of the commanders and fighters, five regiments, including mortar regiment, chariot regiment and antiaircraft artillery regiment, have been formed successively. By August of 1948, our army had four guns of various kinds in the northeast. More than 700 doors with dominant equipment have made full preparations for the upcoming Liaoshen campaign.
1In July, 948, Comrade Zhu Rui took part in the preparations for launching the Liaoshen Campaign in the Military Region. The leader of the military region decided to stay in Harbin to take charge of the rear work, but he insisted on going to the front. On September 12, our army surrounded Yixian. Yixian is a barrier to the north of Jinzhou. Once I conquer it, Jinzhou will be isolated. However, the wall of Yixian county is tall, and the enemy relies on the wall to build bunkers, bunkers and peripheral small strongholds along the wall. There are also many obstacles, and there are mines all over the ground. There are more than 20,000 temporary Kuomintang divisions and local armed forces1_ in the city. It is the first time that our army has commanded such a solid battle. In order to fight this battle well, before the artillery entered the position, Comrade Jolie went to the front to inspect the position with several heads in charge of major tasks. Because they are close to the enemy's stronghold, wherever they go, the enemy's shells will follow. Everyone was worried about the commander's safety, but he laughed all the way and pointed out the deployment while watching.
On September 30, the day before the general attack, he visited the regiments before the battle, carefully checked the shooting and concealment of various artillery pieces, and encouraged the commanders to make contributions to the liberation of the whole Northeast.
On the morning of June 1, look, our army launched a general attack. At Comrade Zhu Rui's command, guns of various calibers roared like thunder, flying to the city wall with people's revenge. In an instant, the city wall was torn open with a gap of more than 40 meters wide. Comrade Zhu Rui was so excited when he saw this that he decisively ordered the artillery fire to be extended and fired. The fortifications operated by the enemy for many years flew into the sky with the smoke of the shell explosion. Like tigers, our three longitudinal soldiers rushed to the breakthrough of artillery development and fought with the enemy in the street. In less than six hours, all the enemy troops on the defensive were annihilated, and Wang Shigao, the enemy division commander, was captured alive, which opened the prelude to the Liaoshen campaign.
In this siege, our army used the American howitzer captured from the enemy for the first time. Comrade Zhu Rui still doesn't understand the attack performance of this kind of artillery. His high professionalism and strong sense of responsibility drive him. Before the battle was completely over, he came out of the command post and took the lead in running to the breakthrough. At this time, he was unfortunately killed by thunder. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out in his condolence telegram: "Comrade Zhu Rui has made outstanding contributions to the artillery construction of the China People's Liberation Army. His sacrifice today is really a great loss for the liberation of the people of China."
Zhu Rui: The general didn't see the final victory.
There was a general who worked hard for the artillery cause of our army. The artillery unit he led kicked off the Liaoshen campaign with heavy artillery fire. But the general is fighting.
After the beginning, he died unfortunately and failed to witness the final victory. He is Zhu Rui, a senior military commander of our army who devoted himself to the battlefield during the Liberation War.
"As long as it allows me to go to the battlefield, what level is not important to me!"
1In August, 945, after Japan surrendered, news came from Yan 'an that there were countless pieces of equipment left over from the Northeast, and you could get them when you went there. Zhu Rui, then principal of Yan 'an Artillery School, immediately led 1000 students to travel thousands of miles and arrived in Shenyang in late June of 10. He scattered the troops into small teams and collected scattered weapons everywhere, searching one by one and collecting them one by one. Soon, in the precious six months before the massive attack of the Kuomintang, * * * collected 700 guns and 500,000 shells, and then formed the 10 artillery regiment and six independent artillery battalions with the students of the artillery school as the backbone. 1946 10 In June, the artillery command of the Northeast Democratic Allied Forces was established, with Zhu Rui as the commander.
1July, 948, Zhu Rui participated in the preparations for the Liaoshen Campaign. The leaders of the military region decided to put him in charge of the rear work. But Zhu Rui insisted on going to the front, so he challenged Mao Zedong: "I was in the rear for the last two years in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and now I finally have the battle to liberate the Northeast. I should take the artillery to the front. " The chairman understands Zhu Rui's feelings very well, but he thinks that artillery must be equipped with main infantry to fight, so Zhu Rui's demotion is obvious. But Jolie doesn't care about this: "As long as I can go to the battlefield, what level is not important to me!"
The excellent command won the admiration of the enemy generals.
In September 1948 and 12, the artillery 1, 2 and 3 regiments cooperated with other columns to surround Yixian. The walls of Yixian County are high. Relying on the city wall, the enemy built a bunker around the city wall, with mines all over the ground and many obstacles outside. A Kuomintang reorganization division equipped with the latest weapons is stationed in this city.
Yixian is the gateway to Jinzhou. If you want to capture Jinzhou, you must first capture Yixian. Zhu Rui is determined to chew on this hard bone. At the same time, he used this shelling in Yixian as a rehearsal for attacking Jin. "Boom" and "Boom" With several shots, some important enemy bunkers were instantly destroyed. The wall near the right side of the city gate (south gate) was blasted with a big gap, and the rest of the wall suddenly became dilapidated. Our artillery unit made a small experiment and achieved initial results.
On September 28, Zhu Rui suddenly received an urgent telegram from the headquarters: the enemy was airlifting 49 troops from Shenyang to Jinzhou to reinforce, and now it has been transported to two regiments, ordering the artillery to quickly block Jinzhou airport. At this point, the artillery column was ready to attack Yixian. At the critical moment, Zhu Rui calmly responded and ordered the artillery 1 regiment to send a battalion to secretly enter the vicinity of Jinzhou Airport to prepare for the attack in advance. At this time, the enemy plane didn't know there was an ambush, and five planes were landing. The battalion commander seized the opportunity and gave an order: "Fire!" The whole battalion 10 guns fired at the same time. Soon these five planes will be riddled with holes. Fan, the commander of Jinzhou city defense, who was in a meeting at that time, couldn't help shouting "Ah" when he got the report that our army had bombed the airport and the 49th Army had stopped airlifting. Then he unconsciously talked about the power of our artillery at the meeting.
Personally observe, unfortunately, lightning strikes and sacrifices.
At the end of September, the enemy troops trapped by our commander's time were holed up in Yixian city, trying to fight back with the help of the Great Buddhist Temple.
65438+1 October1,before dawn, Zhu Rui hurried to the front headquarters to check the artillery fire deployment. At this time, Zhang Zhiyi, deputy chief of staff of the artillery, reported to him: "At 3 o'clock, all the artillery entered the position to complete the shooting preparation, and at 9: 30, the artillery was ready." Zhu Rui nodded his head.
At 9: 30, Jolie gave the order to fire. More than 200 cannons that are firing head-on fired at the same time. Powerful gunfire blew off a corner of the roof of the Buddhist temple. After an hour and a half of artillery attack, Zhu Rui saw through the telescope that the head of Yixian County had collapsed, and the front wall was opened more than 30 meters wide by artillery fire. Jolie nodded with satisfaction and said to Zhang Zhiyi, deputy chief of staff of the artillery: "If you fight Jinzhou, the breakthrough should be bigger, or you can consider opening more."
Under the cover of gunfire, the infantry launched an attack. Only one commando team rushed to Chengtou. The enemy guarding the city retreated like a flood. By 15: 20, more than 10,000 enemy defenders had been wiped out.
At this time, Zhu Rui came out of the headquarters and said to a guard, "Go and have a look at the city head again. It is best to measure how wide the breakthrough is, so that the next attack on Jinzhou will be more clear. " The guard said, "The battlefield hasn't been cleaned yet. Shouldn't the chief go first? " "Never mind, we can also clean the battlefield together." Zhu Rui said and walked to the breakthrough of Chengtou. When Zhu Rui walked through a path and stepped on a ridge, a mine suddenly rang under his feet. When the fire flashed, the general fell ... Zhu Rui, who had dozens of shrapnel in his body, never woke up, at the age of 43.
On June 3rd, 65438 10, Dongye made a report on Zhu Rui's sacrifice to the CPC Central Committee. After hearing the news, Mao Zedong was silent for a long time and was deeply saddened. In the condolence telegram sent by the CPC Central Committee to the whole party, Mao Zedong wrote in person: "Comrade Zhu Rui's sacrifice is really a great loss to the cause of people's liberation in China."