Before the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese shogunate headed by Tokugawa Yoshinobu gained real power and the emperor became a puppet. The reformists, mainly middle and lower samurai, gradually realized the crisis of Japan's backward nations and put forward the slogan of "respecting the king and rejecting the foreign countries", the essence of which was to overthrow the Tokugawa era.
1865, the movement of "respecting the king and resisting foreign countries" turned into an armed rebellion.
1867, the young Meiji emperor succeeded to the throne, and the emperor's secret edict was given to his followers. The rebels staged a coup, declared that "Wang Zheng was retro", abolished the Tokugawa era and established a new government. The reformists seized power and ordered Tokugawa Yoshinobu to hand over his territory.
1868, Tokugawa Yoshinobu assembled troops in an attempt to counter-attack, but was defeated by the government forces in the Battle of Bird Feather and Fujian, and the troops were destroyed. The victory of the closing movement laid the foundation for the Meiji Restoration.