Wang Yangming's theory of mind has three propositions, namely "mind is reason", "unity of knowledge and action" and "to conscience". Heart is reason, that is, conscience is natural, human nature is good, unreasonable outside the heart, there are things outside the heart, and there are things outside the heart.
However, if the understanding of this is limited to the gift of conscience and you take it for granted that you are a natural saint, then it is easy to identify feelings as sex and do whatever you want. The unity of knowing and doing means that people's moral practice should be the natural embodiment of natural conscience, and any behavior that does not conform to natural conscience is caused by selfish desires, and people should always get rid of selfish desires.
The unity of knowledge and practice is a curse to the post-school students who misinterpret "mind is reason" It is catchy to read, but it is easy to be used as a slogan. Based on such concerns, Wang Yangming emphasized "to conscience" in his later years. Wang Yangming once said: "Conscience is a big mind for learning and the first meaning for saints to teach people. The word "to conscience" hides the truth in the eyes of real saints.
I have been teaching all my life, but only to my conscience. "It can be seen that conscience is not only the most important part of Yangming's mind, but also the logical end point of Yangming's mind.