First, the direction of the topic is professional. How to find problems and determine topics? The following points can be used for reference: (1) From the research topics designated by the competent authorities, professional societies, various seminars, etc., select typical problems that conform to your own work practice and research expertise as topics, conduct research, and write them in words; In practice, pay attention to careful observation, be diligent in thinking, inspire, refine, rise to a certain theoretical height and form a topic where you are deeply experienced and interested; By reading books and magazines carefully, and on the basis of synthesizing and drawing lessons from other people's scientific research achievements, I can get inspiration from relevant arguments and questions, find topics, sum up experience, bring forth the new and express my unique opinions. In short, the key to finding problems lies in "attention". As long as you pay attention to accumulation, good topics may appear in your mind at any time. Once you have an idea, you should write it down immediately to prepare for screening or refining the topic in the future.
Second, we should consider the subjective and objective conditions and make a correct objective estimate of ourselves. For example, mastering the depth and breadth of materials, mastering the ability of materials, and understanding the theme. According to their own specialties and hobbies, give full play to their subjective advantages. At the same time, we should fully understand the research status of academic circles, such as the results of this research, what problems still exist, the problems to be studied and solved and their urgency, social needs and scientific development trends. Only by combining subjective and objective conditions can we choose the subject that suits us best.
Third, the topic selection time is appropriate, and the topic selection should be as early as possible, so as to have enough time to accumulate materials. But it is not appropriate to choose a topic too early, because my professional knowledge is still relatively thin. If I know little about this academic research, it is inevitable to choose a topic rashly. With a certain professional foundation, you will not be at a loss, but you can prepare, read and accumulate information more calmly, and you will have enough time and energy to conduct in-depth discussions. If you only consider the topic when evaluating the professional title, it will be very hasty, and you will have no time to consider the problem maturely and thoroughly, and the chances of successful submission are very small.
Fourth, the topic is difficult and the size should be moderate. The difficulty of topic selection should be moderate. Difficult topics are of course more scientific, but for people with short working hours, it is often beyond their power and difficult to complete.
When choosing a topic, I should make a comprehensive investigation and choose a suitable topic according to my professional foundation and time and other related factors, such as information conditions and funds. Otherwise, the topic is too big, it is difficult to study the problem in depth, and it may be anticlimactic and hastily collected; The topic is too small to fully tap one's potential and give full play to one's talents, and the paper can't reach its due level and depth.
Specifically, the topic can be selected from the following aspects.
3. 1 Ask for Requirements-List Requirements.
Combined with your actual work, carefully analyze the following questions:
1) Young comrades: What are the shortcomings in the current work? Where is there room for further improvement? What have other comrades and units done better? What else do I need to know, but I don't know? What should we do next?
2) Comrades who have worked for many years should consider, in addition to the above issues, what other issues have they paid attention to? In what areas have you made efforts? What aspects have different experiences and understandings from others? Where can I use and promote my own new ideas and practices?
Choose the research direction from the above questions, learn relevant knowledge, discuss and study hard, and the topic selection problem will be solved.
3.2 deep-further
Before choosing the topic, we should make clear the following questions: the history and present situation of this research; Past thoughts and important research results; Problems that have been solved; Controversial issues; The focus, problems and crux of the dispute; Representative opinions, figures and works of both parties to the dispute; Weak links in research and areas to be explored; In a word, we should find out the basic situation of this problem from a broad perspective, so as to be clear-headed, clear-headed, and open up new research areas. In a word, standing on the shoulders of predecessors, rather than staring at the soles of your feet. Standing on the shoulders of predecessors, on the one hand, it means choosing those "frontier" topics on the premise of deeply understanding and mastering the knowledge and research results of predecessors; On the other hand, it refers to the enlightenment gained from previous people's thoughts or research. It is a main idea to study the problems that predecessors have just approached but have not solved and raised. This topic has both inheritance and development. Going further often means innovation and breakthrough.
3.3 Odd Numbers-Choose a topic from an easily overlooked place.
Human's understanding and transformation of nature is not completed at one time, but is always in a process, which needs to be deepened and developed continuously. In many phenomena that people think are unremarkable, there are often new realms for study, and these new realms are easily ignored by people. A studious and curious person always asks why when something happens. There are many neglected places, and many common phenomena often do not attract people's attention. If we can observe all kinds of things carefully and ask why, it is easy to find the topic that needs to be studied. This is the story of Newton and Apple.
3.4 Innovation-Select a topic from pioneering and innovating.
Mr. Lu Xun said: "There is no road in the world, and more people will become roads." In scientific research, we should be good at exploring and dare to explore new fields. The topic selection itself is a kind of creation. The strength of people's creativity depends on the amount of knowledge storage, the skills and imagination of applying knowledge. If you have profound knowledge and rich imagination, you dare to step into unfamiliar subjects from your familiar subjects, and you dare to attack the so-called insurmountable restricted area. The choice of this kind of topic, in addition to the knowledge of the selector, must also have courage, without a high sense of responsibility and serious spirit of the cause is impossible. Only by concentrating on exploration and not being afraid of difficulties can we open up new fields of science and technology.
3.5 Smart-Choose a topic from the windfall
Scientific research is exploring one new topic after another. In the course of these studies, unexpected accidents sometimes occur. When this phenomenon occurs, we should not easily correct or eliminate it, but should study it deeply. Even if it is not within the scope of its own research topic and professional problems, it should be discussed in depth. This unexpected discovery will give us new enlightenment, and if it is followed up, it will often produce new valuable topics. For example, X-rays were found in an accident.
3.6 Reality-Choose topics from practical work
Some people think that scientific research and writing scientific papers are the business of professional researchers, which is extremely one-sided. In fact, in addition to scientific researchers, engineers, technicians, managers, teachers, students, workers and farmers from all walks of life can conduct scientific research and write scientific papers in combination with their own work. Combined with practical work, the topics are very extensive and the content is very rich. Papers written in combination with practical work can be eclectic and varied. Such as theoretical derivation and exploration, analysis and summary of practical experience, research on problems in product development and production management, periodic summary of scientific and technological research, popularization, application and deepening of new technologies, theories and methods, suggestions and ideas on products, processes, organization and management, and discussion on theoretical and practical issues. People who are not engaged in scientific research should get rid of the mystery of scientific research and scientific paper writing, and be brave in practice and writing, thus promoting the development of science and technology and making it more prosperous.
3.7 Reform-Selecting a Topic from Reform and Progress
We are fortunate to be in the era of reform and opening up, in the torrent of world economic integration, and we can feel the touch of reform and progress every moment. The reform of political system makes the country more democratic and open, the reform of economic system makes people realize a well-off life, and scientific and technological innovation makes us catch up. All these provide a broad world for us to choose the topic. Port science and technology workers have made remarkable achievements and made outstanding contributions in process improvement, quality research, technical improvement, learning, digesting, popularizing and applying advanced technologies at home and abroad, preventing and eliminating major hidden dangers, and installing, debugging, operating, repairing and maintaining large-scale precision equipment, which is worth popularizing. Although it is not an invention, it can write projects that have created direct or indirect economic benefits for enterprises and society. Choose one aspect that you are best at and the most prominent as the content of your proposition, and then choose one of the most representative items to sort out and concentrate as the basic material of your proposition.
As long as we look at everything with a strong sense of responsibility, self-motivation and innovative spirit, inspire wisdom, inspire inspiration and capture information, we will certainly be able to select topics suitable for our own exploration and research and lay a solid foundation for writing scientific and technological papers.