In the sixth year of Meiji (1873) 10, Saigō Takamori's plan to invade Korea was rejected by the ruling factions such as Koji and Kubojun, and he resigned as the chief of the Senate and the Guards and returned to his hometown of Kagoshima Prefecture. Then, Toyo Liqiu, Shinohara Guogan and Murata Nohachi and other cronies, as well as guards and police security guards also returned to the county seat.
After Longsheng returned to his hometown, with the assistance of Cecilia Yip, Shinohara, Murata and others, in the seventh year of Meiji (1874), he founded a private school (including an award school and a reclamation society) at the foot of Chengshan. Private schools are divided into infantry schools and artillery schools, headed by Shinohara. There are about five or six hundred people in the former and about 200 people in the latter. In addition to specialized military technology, they also learn Chinese and publicize the idea of loyalty to the monarch and love for the people. Private schools have 12 branch schools in the county, and there is one branch school in each of the 24 townships in the county/kloc-0.
Later, private schools gradually expanded their influence. By the end of 1875, even the police were recruited from private schools, from district heads and deputy district heads to village heads and deputy village heads. Private schools became a party and controlled the whole kagoshima county. Longsheng originally set up the school for the purpose of "worrying about returning to the direction of the county's strong men, training healthy atmosphere with proper education, and making great achievements in the future", and there was no intention of mutiny.
At that time, the new government implemented the policies of equality among the four people and abolishing salaries, which seriously harmed the interests of the gentry, and the Kagoshima gentry hated the new government. Saigō Takamori, regarded as the leader of the gentry, returned to his hometown because of the failure of the theory of "conquering the DPRK", which made the gentry more angry with the central government. At the same time, because the private school party controlled the leaders at all levels in the county, it refused to implement the policies of the central government, even the taxes were not turned over to the central government, and the knife scraping order was not implemented. The Turks also got together with knives to drink, and what's more, they planned to send Okubo's assassination mission to Tokyo, and Kagoshima became an independent kingdom-"Kagoshima people were stubborn and refused to accept other county people as county officials, and the county was still in the old San Francisco era without any amendment. Moreover, the education system of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology has not been implemented, especially the weapons were not handed over to the War Department, but were kept by the gentry. " I only know Kagoshima, not the Japanese Empire; I only know that there is SARS, but I don't know that there are loyal ministers on land and sea; Secretly rearming to prepare for the riot is an opportunity to take advantage of the injustice of the gentry. "
The Minister of Internal Affairs of Okubo County asked to change the personnel of the county, but the county magistrate of Liangshan Lianggang County refused to listen and threatened that all county officials would resign forever if the personnel were updated. The conflict between Kagoshima and the central government is inevitable.
In order to prevent riots in Kagoshima, the central government sent a boat to move Samoa's arsenal to Osaka. 1On the evening of October 29th1877 65438+29th, the radicals of the private school party got together at Shangerlang's house in Fenyang, talking about the three-power ship "Chilongwan" going to Kagoshima to transport ammunition from Cao Motian's powder magazine to Osaka. Why not transport it in the daytime and smuggle it at night? Everyone felt very angry. Some people say, "What if an accident happens if the ammunition that existed in feudal times is transported to Osaka?" ? We must strike first. It belongs to us. "So more than 20 private school partisans attacked Cao Motian's army powder magazine at night 12 and stole 60,000 bullets. Later, it was suggested that it is the same to take less and take more, and then do it. On 30th, more than 1000 people attacked the army's powder magazine again. 3 1 Attacked Kagoshima Shipyard and seized many weapons and ammunition.
At this moment, the government sent an inspection team composed of the police of the Metropolitan Police Department in an attempt to assassinate Saigō Takamori in the name of inspection, which provided an excellent excuse for the private school party to send troops.
On February 3rd, Saigō Takamori came back from hunting in the mountains of Dayu Peninsula. On the same day, Shang Xiong of the assassination group was arrested by the private school party. On February 5, a meeting was held in the auditorium of a private school, with Shinohara Guogan and Cecilia Yip Qiuli; More than 200 leaders, including district heads of 65,438+08 districts and principals of 65,438+037 private schools, attended the meeting and unanimously elected Saigō Takamori as the leader and opposed the government. And Longsheng was determined to take risks under the pleading of the cremation brothers. while
Shi Longsheng's mentality is, now, do you want to kill or kill.
On February 6, recruitment began, and private schools were changed into Sa Jun's own camps, and branch schools were changed into separate camps. 3,000 people were recruited that day.
15 February to 17 February,13,000 troops were divided into seven teams, aiming at kumamoto castle. The first battalion chief is Shinohara Kodo, the second battalion chief is Murata, the third battalion chief is Shuishan Taro, the fourth battalion chief is Haruno Liqiu, the fifth battalion chief is Ikebukuro, and the sixth and seventh battalion chief is Beppu Jinjie.
When Samak dispatched troops, it coincided with the rare heavy snow in the South China in the past 50 years, and the snow was as thick as a foot. At 9: 00 am on February 15, Saigō Takamori rode a horse to participate in the military parade. After the military parade, Saigō Takamori held high the banner of "New Deal Virtue" in the name of "New Deal Governor's words of conquering Marshal Xixiang" and sent his troops to war, and the Southwest War began.
At the same time of Saigō Takamori and dispatching troops, the central government appointed Prince Chiren as the governor of conquest, and Yamagata Aritomo, Kawamura Chunyi and Kuroda Kiyotaka joined the army and led a crusade against 60,000 Lu Haijun. After half a year of fierce fighting, Sajun not only failed to capture kumamoto castle, but was defeated in World War I in Tianyuan Sakaguchi. At the same time, the Central Army has occupied Kagoshima from the sea, and Longsheng is determined to return to his hometown and die there. On August 18, Sa troops rushed out of the lovely Yue in Changzhi Village of Fukuzaki and arrived at Kagoshima surrounded by the Central Army on September 1 8. I walked 100 mile and spent 14 days. The Sa army regained the private school first, but the Central Army began to surround the last stronghold of the Sa army, the city and the mountain, with 50,000 to 70,000 troops from September 6. At this time, the total number of Sa troops was only 372, and only 150 people had guns and ammunition was very scarce. But they are determined to fight to the end, divide their forces 1 1 and defend the mountain. On September 4th, the deserters besieged Micang, and the loss was more than RMB 100.
People, now there are only more than 200 people left. The Central Army estimated that the Sa army was short of ammunition and food, which could last for 50 days at most.
From September 12, Yamagata Aritomo ordered the shelling of mountains day and night, and Longsheng and others had to dig holes to hide from the shelling. On September 23rd, the Central Army announced that it would start the general attack at 4pm tomorrow-24th, and urged the Sa army to surrender. Xixiang resolutely refused to surrender.
September 23rd is June of the lunar calendar 17. That night, the bright moon was in the sky, and Longsheng held a general meeting of all cadres and gave a banquet for farewell. Let's drink, sing poetry and pipa, and live a good life. The sedan chair bearer Saburo Tajisen also performed a dance, which was really "full of spring, the brave drink heavily and enjoy themselves"! The isolated city is besieged on all sides and its life is at stake, but the soldiers are calm and don't know life and death. "
At 4 o'clock on the afternoon of September 24, the Central Army proceeded as scheduled, fired three shots and began a general attack. The stormtroopers held their ground and fought bloody battles. Because they were outnumbered, almost all the defenders died, and finally all the fortresses fell, leaving only the fortress at the east exit of Iwasaki Valley. The Central Army concentrated in the highlands on both sides of Iwasaki Valley and shot at the fortress desperately.
At this time, Xixiang and Cecilia Yip beginning of autumn, Murata Nobuhachi, Ikebukuro, Bev Jinjie, Bianjian Sitai, Gui Jiuwu and other more than 40 generals were at the forefront of the cave, facing Iwasaki Taniguchi, and immediately roared. But Taniguchi was surrounded, and bullets from 2400 snipers rained down. Kokura Zhuang Jiulang (Tougou Heihachirou's younger brother) saw that the tide was gone, stood up angrily and committed suicide by caesarean section. Cecilia Yip said, "Why are you so impatient?" But he couldn't dissuade him. Then Kakuwu was shot and the generals of the Sa army were killed one after another. Beppu Jinjie and Bianjianshi let the platform be protected around Longsheng. Seeing the emergency, he told Longsheng to "get out of here at once", and Longsheng said "Never mind, never mind". Just then, Longsheng was shot in the abdomen and legs and could not move forward. Longsheng said to Benfu Jinjie, "Jinjie, Jinjie, come here at once." At this time, Longsheng could no longer stand up. He knelt down, crossed his hands seriously and bowed to the east. Ginger said sadly, "Forgive my sins" and cut off his head with a knife. Long Sheng's right-hand man, Phuket people, buried his head in front of Shimadzu Ying Ji's house to prevent it from being taken away by the enemy.
Bepkin shouted at Iwasaki's fortress, "Teacher Wang is dead, and everyone who wants to die with Teacher Wang must die." He fought hard and was killed. The other generals rushed at the fort. Fight a decisive battle with the Central Army until they are all killed.
At that time, the order of Kagoshima Prefecture was Toshi Utsumi, Tosayan Village. He got permission from Yamagata Aritomo and Kawamura Junichi, joined the army, took back the bodies of Saigō Takamori and others, and personally buried them in the cemetery on the mountain of Jingming Temple in Beijing.
In the 22nd year of Meiji (1889), when the Constitution of Great Japan was promulgated, Saigō Takamori was pardoned, the charge of rebellion was eliminated, his reputation was restored, and he was forced to give him three titles. In the thirty-second year of Meiji (1898), a bronze statue was built for him in Ueno Park, Tokyo, for the world to see. 1977 On the centenary of the Southwest War, Xixiang Zhou Nan Exhibition Hall was established in Kagoshima. So people's evaluation of him changed from "thief" to "great man", saying that he was going to launch the southwest war.
Saigō Takamori, Kubo Junyi and Edo Takashi are known as the three great masters of the Meiji Restoration. He was indeed a founding father and made great contributions to overthrowing the shogunate and establishing a new government. At the same time, he also made achievements in a series of reforms when leading the left-behind government, and we should not erase them. However, the Southwest War he launched on behalf of the reactionary interests of the Tu nationality was against the historical trend.