Farming to households is 1978, and the household contract responsibility system is implemented.

The household contract responsibility system is a form of agricultural production responsibility system in which farmers contract land and other means of production and production tasks to collective economic organizations (mainly villages and groups). It is a basic economic system in rural areas of China at present.

In agricultural production, farmers, as relatively independent economic entities, contract collective land and other large-scale means of production (the general practice is to distribute land to farmers according to the proportion of population or labor force) and conduct production and operation independently according to the contract.

Its operating income belongs to farmers except for a small part of the tax paid to the collective and the state according to the contract. As the contracting party, the collective mainly provides production services for farmers in addition to the necessary coordinated management and operation of some agricultural and sideline products.

After the household contract responsibility system is widely implemented in rural areas, the collective superiority and individual enthusiasm have been brought into play, which can adapt to both small-scale decentralized management and relatively centralized moderate-scale management, thus promoting the improvement of labor productivity and the all-round development of rural economy and improving the living standards of farmers.

In order to further strengthen the basic position of agriculture, China will continue to maintain long-term stability and constantly improve the two-tier management system based on household contract management and combining unified management with separate management. Protect farmers' right to contracted management of land according to law.

During the contract period, farmers can transfer the contracted management right of land legally, voluntarily and with compensation, improve the transfer mode, and gradually develop moderate scale operation. Implement the strictest farmland protection system to ensure national food security.

According to the principle of protecting farmers' rights and controlling the scale of land acquisition, we will reform the land acquisition system and improve the land acquisition procedures. Strictly define public welfare and operational construction land, and land requisition must conform to the overall land use planning and use control, and give farmers reasonable compensation in time.

The "two-tier management system of unification and separation" is embodied in two management levels: collective and farmers. The role of collectives in management is mainly in land contracting, prenatal, mid-term and postpartum services, and farmers become the basic production and business units. "Unification" and "separation" are interdependent, mutually reinforcing and related to development.

Among them, the collective economic organization is the main body of the two-tier operation, and the household contract operation is the basis of the two-tier operation. Without any party, the contract responsibility system for joint production cannot be established and the two-tier management system does not exist.

It can be said that if the household contract responsibility system leaves the collective economic organization and the function of "unification and separation", the household contract will lose its main body.

Family management has essentially become an individual small-scale peasant economy, which deviates from the socialist direction of agriculture; If we leave the decentralized management of contractors, farmers' enthusiasm for production will not be fully exerted, the agricultural collective economy will lose its vitality and the superiority of the collective economy will not be brought into play.