1 liter water A hot spring with carbon dioxide gas exceeding 0.25g (250ppm) is called a carbonated hot spring. Carbonated hot springs with carbon dioxide gas concentration above 1000ppm are "recuperation hot springs" with recuperation function.
That is to say, when the rain drops to the surface, it penetrates downward and goes deep into the aquifer in the earth's crust, forming groundwater. Groundwater is heated by geothermal energy below to become hot water, and deep hot water mostly contains gas, mainly carbon dioxide. When the temperature of hot water rises, if there is a dense impermeable rock above it to block the way, the pressure will be higher and higher, so that hot water and steam are in a high pressure state, and as long as there are cracks, they will rush up. After the hot water rises, the closer it is to the surface, the pressure will gradually decrease. As the pressure gradually decreases, the gas contained in it will gradually expand, reducing the density of hot water, which is more conducive to the rise of hot water. The rising hot water circulates repeatedly with the pressure (hydrostatic pressure difference) generated by the density difference of the cold water that sinks and heats later, resulting in convection. When the resistance of the open fracture is small, hot water rises along the fracture and gushes out of the surface, so that hot water can rise endlessly and finally flow out of the surface to form hot springs. Part of the carbon dioxide in hot springs is dissolved in water, and part of it is in a semi-combined state. The latter is unstable and in balance with the free carbon dioxide in hot springs. When a part of the free gas escapes, the semi-combined carbon dioxide becomes a free state to supplement the escaped part. As the carbonated spring flows to the surface, the content of carbon dioxide gradually decreases. The higher the temperature of spring water, the less the carbon dioxide content, so the temperature of carbonated spring is generally lower.
Distribution of carbonate springs
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Due to the topography of deep valleys in high mountains, the groundwater at the valley bottom may be lower than the groundwater level in high mountains, so the valley bottom may be the place with the largest hydrostatic pressure difference, and the possibility of hot water upwelling from the valley bottom is the greatest, so carbonated hot springs mostly occur on the river bed of the valley.
Carbonated springs are mainly distributed in China: Xinjiang, Taiwan Province, Guizhou, Guangdong and Heilongjiang.
The function of carbonate spring
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Carbonated spring contains carbon dioxide, and its temperature is lower than that of ordinary hot spring water. Carbon dioxide gas in water is absorbed into the body through the skin, which can promote microvascular dilation, lower blood pressure, improve cardiovascular function and help blood circulation of blood vessels, so there will be no excessive pulse acceleration and no burden on the heart. In addition, carbonated springs contain carbon dioxide gas, which will present bubbles on the skin surface and have a slight massage effect. Carbonated spring can improve hypertension, heart disease, rheumatism, arteriosclerosis, arthritis and cold hands and feet.
In Europe, carbonated hot springs have long been used for disease treatment and daily health care. Because of its good auxiliary function in the treatment of heart disease, it is called "Heart Soup". When talking about carbonated springs, former Professor Tian Zhen of the Department of Rehabilitation, Northeastern University East Campus said: We believe that popularizing artificial carbonated springs like this is consistent with people's health goals. Carbonated spring can reduce the hypertension of diabetic patients and consume excess sugar, which is a good way to improve lifestyle diseases. Carbonated spring actively responds to a slogan put forward by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare in Healthy Japan 2 1, namely, "live healthier" and "be healthy until you get old", and contribute to national health.