Counties are mainly based on the primary industry, namely the agricultural economy, so the places called counties are basically agricultural counties; District can be understood as urban area, urban area and built-up area, which is a relatively developed area of industry and service industry (that is, secondary industry and tertiary industry), and county-level cities are in between.
Let's start with the county.
In a typical county, generally speaking, the agricultural economy accounts for more than 50% of GDP, and most residents are mainly farmers. There are few high-rise buildings in the county, and the urban area is very small. The mountainous areas are basically counties, like this.
At present, there are more than 1400 counties in China, most of which are concentrated in the central and western provinces. Among them, Sichuan has the largest number of counties, with more than 100 counties.
Even Chengdu, the provincial capital, has four counties, and many developed cities along the eastern coast of China have cancelled counties, such as Shanghai and Suzhou.
So what is a district? District is the urban area of a big city. For example, Shanghai now has 16 districts, all of which are districts. Among them, Shanghai currently refers to Huangpu District (merged with Luwan), Xuhui District, Jing 'an District (merged with Zhabei), Changning District, Putuo District, Hongkou District and Yangpu District.
Of course, Lujiazui, Pudong, the Huangpu River opposite and the Inner Ring are usually considered as central cities.
Qingpu, Minhang, Fengxian, Baoshan and other cities belong to the suburbs.
Shanghai is the most developed modern metropolis in China. Therefore, the urban area of Shanghai is the benchmark of the national cities.
If an urban built-up area becomes like Shanghai, it is the most standard area.
Of course, many places still can't reach the urban area, but this is the direction of efforts.
Finally, county-level cities.
County-level city is a state between county and built-up area. Its urban areas are not as developed as big cities, but more developed than agricultural counties.
Therefore, the development order of the three is county-county-level city-district. When the economy of an agricultural county develops to a certain extent, it can be established as a county-level city, and then it can become a district of a higher-level prefecture-level city. This is an upgrade process.
In fact, China has formulated relevant regulations in 1993, which has detailed regulations on what kind of counties can set up county-level cities. Although it is a bit out of date now, I don't know if the latest regulations have changed, but it can also be used for reference.
That's about it.
Since the 18th National Congress, China has put forward the slogan of new urbanization, and has detailed work objectives.
Specifically, it is necessary to gradually eliminate rural areas, eliminate agricultural counties, and turn all parts of the country into urban areas and towns. Let farmers become citizens.
Many provinces and cities have introduced specific measures for urbanization.
The shed reform in the past two years is one of the concrete measures to promote urbanization, allowing a large number of farmers to live in buildings in cities, which has also led to high housing prices in third-and fourth-tier cities.
It can be predicted that there will be fewer and fewer counties in China in the future, most of which will become county-level cities, and a few county-level cities will directly become districts of higher-level prefecture-level cities. Cities are getting bigger and bigger, which is a trend.
1。 From the hierarchical point of view, the level of the same prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of districts, counties and county-level cities is the same. According to the different levels of prefecture-level cities, there are differences among county-level cities, deputy-level cities and department-level cities, but they are the same within the same prefecture-level city.
2。 The main difference between districts and counties lies in the difference between administrative power and financial power as a first-level government. County is the most typical grass-roots people's government in China, which has all human rights, administrative power and financial power. It can be said that except for military and diplomatic affairs, the county government has the same scope as the State Council. An independent fiscal and taxation system, sharing taxes according to a certain proportion, can freely decide urban planning and construction and personnel appointment.
Compared with the county, the district lacks financial power, and urban planning is controlled by the city. For example, there is no public security bureau, no tax bureau, no land and resources bureau, and no planning bureau in the district. All these jobs are managed by the city.
County-level cities are counties with large economies and have greater freedom in taxation and planning and construction.
What's the difference between a county and a county-level city?
The difference between districts and counties lies in the different geographical divisions. The district is located in the urban and suburban areas, and the number of people in the district is not as large as that in the county. The number of people in each district is about100000 or 200000. Most counties have a population of 400,000 to 500,000, and even some big counties have a population of 800,000 to 900,000. The economic development of all districts in the city is relatively fast, and the annual fiscal revenue of each district is very considerable, with an annual fiscal revenue of more than 3 billion yuan, while the county fiscal revenue is not as high as that of the district. The fiscal revenue of a county is around one billion. This is because the area is located in the city center.
There are also differences between districts and counties and county-level cities. There are more citizens in county-level cities than in counties, and the economic development of county-level cities is faster than that of districts and counties. Therefore, the fiscal revenue of county-level cities is generally higher than that of counties and districts. Generally, the fiscal revenue of county-level cities is 70 billion to 80 billion or even tens of billions a year.
The head of a county-level city is half a grid taller than the county magistrate. The party secretary of a county-level city enjoys the treatment of the main hall class. Working in the city for several years, you can at least be the deputy director of the Municipal People's Congress or the vice chairman of CPPCC.
To sum up, this is my understanding of the differences among counties, districts and county-level cities.
Thank you for trusting me and inviting me to answer! The difference between districts and counties and county-level cities should be divided into occasions. For the convenience of understanding, I temporarily exclude municipalities directly under the central government and sub-provincial cities, and describe them clearly in the simplest language. As far as prefecture-level cities, counties and county-level cities are concerned, there is no administrative difference between them, and they all belong to the first level.
The biggest difference between the three is reflected in urban planning. District is the core part of the city, the first image representative of this prefecture-level city, the window of the city and the main force to implement the construction of modern cities and megacities.
The county towns in the central and western regions belong to the areas to be developed in urban planning, and the priority is not as good as that of district-level cities.
County-level cities are nominally administered by the province, but they generally delegate their authority to prefecture-level cities. This is a potential negative factor for the development of county-level cities, and it has a depressing component. However, compared with counties, county-level cities have too much authority and autonomy.
Finally, talk about the counties and cities to which municipalities directly under the central government and sub-provincial cities belong.
In addition to the above similarities, there are also differences. As we all know, a rising tide lifts all boats. Although the municipality directly under the central government is the title of city, it belongs to the provincial administrative region, so its municipal area is the main hall level, that is, the prefecture level.
There are four municipalities directly under the central government in China, and the "middle city" has long been abolished, and there is basically no county-level city or prefecture-level city under its jurisdiction. However, there are also counties under its jurisdiction, and each municipality directly under the Central Government has different standards for the rank of counties, some of which are deputy departmental level and some are main departmental level.
Sub-provincial cities are half a level higher than prefecture-level cities, so their counties and cities are also different from prefecture-level cities.
Take Nanjing as an example, its subordinate counties are established at the deputy department level, which is higher than the county level of prefecture-level cities.
There is also a rare organic city.
Tianmen, Qianjiang and Xiantao, which belong to Hubei Province, originally belong to county-level cities, and theoretically they are at the same level as prefecture-level cities.
Actually, they are not. These three cities belong to Hubei characteristics and are listed as sub-prefecture-level cities, which are directly led by the province. However, under the framework of county-level cities, although it is defined as a deputy departmental level area, it cannot be set as a county.
Look at the map of Wuhan city circle above "1+8". There are three cities in the west of Wuhan, which enjoy the same standards as prefecture-level cities and are listed separately on the map.
Districts and counties are at the same level as county-level cities, but their development is different.
District is the subordinate administrative organization of the municipality directly under the central government. With the development and expansion of the city, counties or county-level cities around the city can be reported to the provincial government for approval according to the planning needs, and only after being reported to the competent civil affairs department of the State Council for approval can new directly affiliated districts be established. Urban planning and infrastructure within the jurisdiction directly under the Central Government shall be managed and implemented by the relevant municipal departments.
County and county-level institutions are the basic management institutions of the country, and there are villages and towns, street delivery offices and other institutions, and villages and neighborhood committees and other autonomous institutions under villages and towns.
County-level cities have a good and strong industrial base, and the main urban area has reached the scale of cities with a population of more than 200,000. With the approval of the provincial government and the approval of the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the State Council, a county-level city will be established under the jurisdiction of the province and entrusted to a prefecture-level city for escrow. Under the jurisdiction of townships, sub-district offices and other institutions, townships under the jurisdiction of village-level, neighborhood committees and other autonomous institutions.
The levels of prefecture-level districts, counties and county-level cities are the same, and they are all at the level. If the district is also the administrative center of a prefecture-level city, the secretary of the district party Committee is generally assigned to the deputy department level; The county is dominated by the primary industry-agriculture, and the top leaders of the four teams are all at the level; County-level cities are more important because they are mainly industrial. Most party secretaries are part-time members of the Standing Committee of the Municipal Party Committee.
Generally speaking, the administrative level of county-level cities is higher than that of districts and counties, that is, county-level cities >: counties = districts.
County-level cities are generally half a grid higher than ordinary districts and counties. The leaders of the four leading bodies (municipal party committee, government, people's congress, CPPCC) in county-level cities are deputy departments or full departments, while the leaders of ordinary districts and counties are at the level.
However, the situation in the municipalities directly under the Central Government is different. Because the municipalities directly under the Central Government are provincial and ministerial level, all the districts and counties in the municipalities directly under the Central Government are at the main hall level. For example, the secretary of the Yuzhong District Party Committee in Chongqing is at the main hall level, and the level is equivalent to that of the prefecture-level cities in general provinces.
These are different names of different grades.
For example, my hometown Jieyang has Rongcheng District, Jiedong District, Airport Economic Zone, Jiexi County, Huilai County and Puning City. The area with the word "district" in it is basically the so-called urban area and also the key area of economic development. To put it mildly, it's a good place.
The area with "county" is a common area, which may be dominated by a certain industry. For example, Jiexi County focuses on developing tourist attractions, while Huilai County focuses on developing various heavy industries.
Puning City is managed by Jieyang. Just like the relationship between Shanwei and Lufeng.
So these different names also represent some characteristics behind them.
For example, general county-level cities are managed by prefecture-level cities, some districts are urban areas and key development areas, and counties are relatively common areas.
The reason why these different names appear is also for the convenience of management, and it is also a legacy of history. This can't be said to be different, but the name is different.
The level of a district depends on the level of the city under its jurisdiction. At present, the cities with municipal districts in China are mainly prefecture-level cities, sub-provincial cities and municipalities directly under the central government (provincial). Prefecture-level cities (such as Tai 'an City and Baoding City) have districts at the county level. Districts under the jurisdiction of sub-provincial cities (Nanjing, Dalian, etc.). 13) are all deputy departmental levels (deputy prefecture level, and occasionally there are positive prefecture levels). Municipalities directly under the central government (Beijing, Shanghai) and the areas under their jurisdiction are generally prefecture-level (main hall). In addition, the level of the development zone is more of an audit, which will not be discussed here for the time being.