The research of magnetic levitation technology originated in Germany. As early as 1922, German engineer Herman Qiangsuo put forward the principle of electromagnetic levitation, and applied for the patent of maglev train in 1934. After 1970s, with the increasing economic strength of the world's industrialized countries, Germany, Japan, the United States, Canada, France, Britain and other developed countries began to plan to develop magnetic levitation transportation systems to improve their transportation capacity and meet the needs of their economic development. However, the United States and the former Soviet Union abandoned this research project in 1970s and 1980s respectively. At present, only Germany and Japan continue to study the magnetic levitation system, and both have made remarkable progress. The following is a brief introduction to the research situation of maglev railway, a major country in the world. The Japanese began to study the constant guidance maglev railway on 1962. Since then, due to the rapid development of superconducting technology, the superconducting maglev railway has been studied since the early 1970s. In 1972, the experiment of a 2.2-ton superconducting maglev train was successfully carried out for the first time, with a speed of 50 kilometers. From 1977 to 65438+February, the maximum speed on the Miyazaki Maglev Railway Test Line reached 204 kilometers, and further increased to 5 17 kilometers from 1979 to 65438+February. 1982, 1 1 In June, the manned test of maglev train was successful. 1995, the maximum speed of manned maglev train reached 4 1 1 km during the test. In order to study the feasibility of building a maglev railway between Tokyo and Osaka, the Yamanashi maglev railway test line started at 1990, and the first phase of the test line was completed at 18.4 km. Germany's study of maglev railway began at 1968 (then Federal Republic of Germany). At the beginning of the research, constant conductance and superconductivity were both important. By 1977, the test cars with the attraction of the permanent magnet and the repulsion of the superconducting electromagnet were developed respectively, and the maximum speed during the test reached 400 km/h. Later, after analysis and comparison, it was considered that the technical level required for superconducting maglev railway was too high and it was impossible to make great progress in a short time, so it was decided to concentrate only on developing a normal-oriented maglev railway in the future. 1978 decided to build a test line with a total length of 3 1.5 km in Amsland, 1980 started construction, and 1982 started the unmanned test. The maximum test speed of the train reached 300 kilometers at the end of 1983, and further increased to 400 kilometers at 1984. At present, German technology in maglev railway research is mature.

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