The policies to supply national needs and restrict businessmen are mainly equal loss method, market exchange method and exemption method.

★ Average loss method

In July of the second year of Xining, the loss sharing law of Huai, Zhejiang, Jiang and Hu was promulgated. By sea, we can grasp the financial situation of the Sixth Road, consider the annual supply situation and the materials needed by the capital, and then "change convenience into easy purchase" according to the principle of "moving expensive is cheap, and using near is easy to go far" and store it for later use, so as to save the price and the labor cost of transshipment. Equal-loss method captures some interests of wealthy businessmen, and at the same time slightly reduces many extra burdens of taxpayers.

★ Law of Market Ease

In March of the fifth year of Xining, the Chengyi Law was promulgated. Establish urban services in Kaifeng. According to the market situation, the municipal easy service determines the price, purchases unsalable goods and sells them when the market needs it. Vendors can borrow money or buy goods on credit from the municipal simple service office. Later, Kaifeng e-commerce, as the general organization of e-commerce, was promoted to the capital of e-commerce. The market change law has played a role in limiting the monopoly of the market by big businessmen, and also increased the financial income of the court.

★ Inspection-free method

In July of the sixth year of Xining, the exemption law was officially promulgated. According to the exemption law, shops in all walks of life pay the exemption amount to e-commerce every month according to their profits, and no longer supply physical objects or manpower to the government in turn. In the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, it was extremely painful for small landlords and farmers to serve the government. Abandoning cultivated land leads to destruction. "The disadvantages of harming farmers are nothing more than the law of officials." The Exemption Law stipulates that unpaid labor should be changed to paid labor. How to pay? People who should have served in the army but are now exempted from service are graded according to the property status of each household and pay different exemptions. Officials, temples, etc. Those who didn't need to take it originally also paid half of the money according to the property situation, which is called the payment. After calculation, the total amount of labor funds in each county will be allocated to each household for collection. This method has also greatly increased government revenue. In the ninth year of Xining (1076), the government's labor income 1000 was more than 6.4 million, leaving nearly 4 million. Wang Anshi is most proud of this law.

★ Develop agricultural production

Policies to adjust the relationship between feudal countries, landlords and farmers and measures to develop agricultural production include young crops law, conscription law, land equalization tax law and farmland water conservancy law.

★ Seedling method

In September of the second year of Xining, the Young Crop Law was promulgated. It is stipulated that every road will always be flat. ? The money accumulated by Guanghui Warehouse is the foundation, and its grain reserves are expensive when the grain price is high, that is, they are sold at a price lower than the market price, and purchased at a price higher than the market price when the price is low. The accumulated cash is divided into two periods every year, that is, the first month and May, when sowing is needed and summer and autumn are immature, and farmers borrow money and goods from the government on a voluntary basis. After harvest, summer and autumn taxes are added, and the interest rate is increased by 2/ 10 or 3/ 10 to return the grain or cash. The Young Crop Law keeps farmers from being exploited by the usurers of the "merger house" at inappropriate times, so that farmers can "keep pace with the times".

★ Ways to improve service

Xining was promulgated and implemented in four years. The conscription law (exemption law) stipulates that state and county governments should pay for military service. States and counties expect that the annual employment expenses will be shared by families according to their level. The law of supporting service makes rural residents who used to serve in turn return to their hometowns to farm, and farmers who used to enjoy the privilege of exemption from service have to pay service money, which increases the government's income.

★ Square field average tax law

Xining was promulgated in the fifth year. Tian Fang's tax equalization law stipulates that every September, county officials should measure the land and test the fertility of the land, which is divided into five grades and the tax amount is stipulated. After the measurement is completed, the land hukou post will be issued in March of the following year as a "land sign". The division of property, the sale and division of land are all based on the field now measured, registered by the government and issued with title deeds. Restrict bureaucratic landlords from annexing land and concealing land property and population.

★ Farmland Water Conservancy Law

Xining was promulgated in the second year. The treaty encourages all localities to reclaim wasteland, build water conservancy and build dikes, and the beneficiary households will invest in the project according to their grades. Under Wang Anshi's advocacy, an upsurge of "four parties vying for farmland water conservancy" was formed for a while. While harnessing the Yellow River, Zhanghe River and other rivers in the north, a large number of "silt fields" have been deposited along several rivers and canals, turning barren land into fertile fields.

In order to stabilize the feudal order, consolidate the feudal ruling order, rectify and strengthen the army, the military law, the armor law, the horse protection law and the establishment of military equipment supervision were formulated.

Take Sun Tzu's Art of War as an example.

As a "Qiang Bing" measure, on the one hand, Wang Anshi streamlined the army, eliminated the old and the weak, and merged the barracks, on the other hand, he also practiced the art of war. From the seventh year of Xining, military attaché s with higher martial arts and more combat experience were selected for special training in the north. The implementation of Sun Tzu's art of war will enable soldiers to know their generals and practice their soldiers, thus improving the combat effectiveness of the army. In view of the disadvantages of the past that the imperial troops were stationed in the army (frequently rotated) and the generals and soldiers did not know each other, the law of multi-garrison was abolished, the military regions were re-divided, and the generals and commanders were required to be stationed in the army to be responsible for training and operations. Veterans over the age of 50 have also been laid off and merged into military camps. There are 92 generals (military units, each with about 3000 people) in China. 37 will resist Liao and Qidan near the capital, 42 will deal with Xixia in the northwest, 13 will deal with domestic rebellion. There are many commanders and lieutenants. There is only a single commander in the serenade, and some troops have command. This reform has played a certain role in correcting the shortcomings of the military system in the Northern Song Dynasty. At the same time, militarily, in order to cut off Xixia's "right-hand man", Wang Anshi backed Wang Shao and led an army to attack Gansu, Qinghai and Tubo. JaeHee gained land with a territory of 2,000 miles in Ning five years (1072) and six years (1073).

★ Garbo method

Xining was promulgated in three years. Rural households everywhere, regardless of the main household or the customer, have one guarantee for every ten (later changed to five), five guarantees and one guarantee, and ten guarantees and one guarantee. Where there are more than two people at home, one person will protect Ding. During the slack season, gather for military training in Baoding; Patrol in turn at night to maintain law and order. Garbo law can not only enable the able-bodied men all over the country to receive military training and join the regular army, thus saving a lot of national military expenditure, but also establish a strict security network according to Garbo to organize people all over the country, thus stabilizing the feudal order.

★ Horse protection method

People usually raise officials and horses for their own use. If horses die or get sick, they will be compensated according to their value.

★ Reform the education system

Reformers such as Wang Anshi also reformed the imperial examination system, reorganized schools at all levels, and trained needed talents for the society. And sharply criticized the "grace system."

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First of all, because it violated the interests of nobles and landlords, you should know that nobles and landlords were the ruling classes at that time, so it was a natural result to be opposed. Secondly, the emperor's lack of power and inability to reform were the important reasons for the failure of reform. It is said that in the end, Song Shenzong's mother came forward to stop it and even cried in front of Song Shenzong. What can he do as a son to see his mother?

In a word, for Wang Anshi, this reform is impossible to succeed. Secondly, Wang Anshi did not surpass the rights of the main class at that time. Finally, Wang Anshi's political reform cannot fundamentally change the rights of farmers.

Anyway, the political reform itself has great disadvantages, and it is used by corrupt officials as a tool to search the land and disturb the people (according to the data, this is the main reason)

However, Marx said that as the first revolution in human history, the reform itself has great significance of progress.