Wang Zhiqian, a beautiful pilot jointly trained by Airbus and Sichuan Airlines, is also in the flying team.
Airbus A340 is a four-engine long-range dual-channel wide-body commercial airliner manufactured by Airbus. It is similar in design to the twin-engine Airbus A330, but equipped with more than two engines, reaching four. The A340 was originally designed to compete with Boeing 747, and later it was designed to compete with Boeing 777 for the long-range and ultra-long-range aircraft market. 1in April, 1987, European Airbus Industry Company decided to launch A330 and A340 at the same time as a plan. Its concept is that a basic fuselage has the same fuselage cross-section, and two or four engines are used as power devices, which can provide six different configurations covering from 250 seats to 475 seats and from feeder routes to ultra-long-haul routes, thus improving universality. Dual-engine A330 can bring maximum benefits and low operating costs from feeder routes to extended routes with dual-engine extended flights, while quad-engine A340 provides multiple functions on long-haul and ultra-long-haul routes. The A340 was developed by 1988, and the advanced materials, systems and avionics adopted have enabled Airbus to maintain a leading position in technology and innovation. These two models also retain the fuselage section design of Airbus A300/A3 10 series models. At the same time, learn from Airbus A320, its advanced avionics technology. When designing the A340, it was developed together with the dual-engine A330. A330 and A340 are very similar, 85% of the parts can be used in general, and the fuselage structure is similar, but the length is different, and the cockpit, wing, tail wing, landing gear and various systems are the same, which can reduce the development cost. The research and development expenses of A330 and A340 are * * 2.5 billion USD (1986 currency). A340-500 and A340-600 are the longest-range passenger planes in service. The A340-300 enhanced aircraft also has these characteristics. In addition, the A340-300 enhanced aircraft also benefits from the reduction of engine maintenance costs. CFM56-5C/P engine improves fuel efficiency and meets future noise and emission requirements. Through technical improvement, A340 series aircraft reduced aircraft maintenance cost, aircraft weight and fuel cost. In June 2006, Airbus announced the research and development of A340E. Airbus claims that the fuel consumption of A340E will be lower than that of the earlier A340, so as to compete with Boeing 777 more effectively. The advantages of Airbus A340 series aircraft are not limited to maintenance and fuel cost reduction. In addition to Airbus's unique operational interoperability advantages (minimizing the training time and cost of pilots and maintenance personnel), the aircraft layout with four engines also enables airlines to flexibly make long-range and ultra-long-range route plans. As a four-engine long-range aircraft, A340 is not restricted by two-engine extended-range flight to supplement the existing aircraft series, including the latest wide-body long-range aircraft Boeing 767 at that time, because it must be as close as possible to the emergency transfer military airport to cope with the failure of one of its engines; The four-engine Boeing 747 has no similar problems. Airbus designed A340 as a four-engine aircraft to develop a new generation of aircraft that is not limited by ETOPS. In 1990, Airbus thinks that the four-engine aircraft is safer, and it will be better than the two-engine Boeing 777 in the case of one engine failure. Equipped with four engines, A340 aircraft can also be protected from the influence of terrain in extremely remote areas such as oceans, mountains, deserts and polar regions. However, the limitation of extended-range flight of twin-engine (ETOPS) limits the operation of long-range routes with twin engines. (Because A340 is not bound by ETOPS, Virgin Atlantic once used the slogan "4 Envines 4 Long Haul" when promoting its A340 fleet. Due to the appearance of Boeing 777 long-range model, with the increase of fuel price, the dual-engine A340 is superior to the four-engine A340 in both operating cost and economy. Compared with Boeing 777, A340 has four engines, which is more reliable in overseas flight, but the engine performance is also improving day by day. Due to the extremely low failure rate of new engines (as can be seen from the ETOPS certification of twin-engine aircraft) and higher power output, it seems unnecessary to have four engines unless it is a very large aircraft, such as A380 or Boeing 747. Airlines began to lean towards Boeing 777. Sales of Boeing 777 are improving, while orders for A340 are declining year by year. In addition, the A340 has less passengers and is suitable for long-distance routes with less passenger flow.
Airbus A380 is a four-engine long-range 550-seat super-large wide-body passenger plane developed and produced by European Airbus Industry Company, and it is also the largest passenger plane in the world. A380 is a full-length four-engine passenger plane with a double-deck cabin. When the highest density seating arrangement is adopted, it can carry 850 passengers, and it can also carry 555 passengers in a typical third-class configuration (first class-business class-economy class). The A380 made its first flight on April 27th, 2005, and arrived in Singapore, Asia on June 1 65438+1October1day of the same year. The prototype of this aircraft made its debut in mid-2004. On June 65438+ 10/8, 2005, Airbus held the factory ceremony of the first A380 in Toulouse, with the number 00 1 and the registration number F-WWOW. Launched in 2000, this aircraft is regarded by Airbus as the "flagship" product of 2 1 century. It was originally planned to be officially delivered and put into operation in 2006. The advantages of Airbus A380 are as follows: firstly, it has incomparable advantages in single passenger capacity, and the cost of refitting the flight cabin is lower and the time is shorter than other models. For a long time, the market of large-scale long-range civil transport aircraft has been monopolized by Boeing's B747 series. Airbus has competing models with Boeing on other models, but it has been blank in this market. Although Airbus introduced A340, it still can't shake the absolute superiority of Boeing 747 in this model. In order to seize the large passenger aircraft market dominated by Boeing 747, Airbus has developed a large civil transport aircraft A380 with 500-800 seats. This plan, which costs tens of billions of dollars, puts forward the inference of the future development of civil aviation: the development of world civil aviation transport planes will continue to be large-scale, and based on this, puts forward the concept of "hub radiation", that is, passengers gather at the trunk airport through regional flights, then are transported to another trunk airport by large transport planes, and finally arrive at their destinations by regional planes. In 1990s, Airbus announced its A380 super-large transport plane plan. Airbus believes that the best way to improve air traffic congestion in 2 1 century is to increase capacity; Airbus's launch of the A380 super-large transport aircraft project has aroused many people's concerns. Airbus believes that the large passenger aircraft market is still a golden treasure, and it is very optimistic about the market prospects. At the same time, in order to improve Airbus's civil aircraft series and occupy a more favorable position to compete with Boeing, it is worth taking huge commercial risks to launch the A380 plan. After the A380 was put into use, it broke the 35-year record of Boeing 747 in the field of long-range super-large wide-body passenger aircraft, and the emergence of A380 ended Boeing 747' s 30-year monopoly position in the large transport aircraft market.
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