The following is a political explanation about the Nazis:
The name "Nazi" comes from the German word "Nazi", which is the abbreviation of the German word "Nationalsozialist".
Nazism, the transliteration of the German abbreviation "Nazism Mus", literally translated as "national socialism", was a political proposition put forward by Hitler and others before the Second World War. The basic theories of Nazism include: advocating the theory of racial superiority, believing that "superior race" has the right to enslave or even eliminate "inferior race"; Emphasize the principle of "leader" in all fields, and declare that "leader" is the representative of the overall will of the country, and state power should be held by one person; Advocating social Darwinism and advocating war as a means to seize living space and establish world hegemony; Oppose ideology and socialist system, and viciously attack Marxist theory.
Nazism sprouted in Germany after World War I and was the product of sharp contradictions inside and outside Germany. At that time, Germany was faced with the problems of war responsibility and war compensation, as well as the problem of moving out of the residence of non-Germans. The economy was in trouble and national feelings suffered setbacks. Hitler and others took advantage of the German people's hatred of the Treaty of Versailles and the economic crisis to turn nationalism into national revenge and form Nazism. German Nazism first pointed its finger at Jews in China, claiming that Aryan-Nordic Germans were a race endowed with "ruling power" by God, while Jews were inferior and should be eliminated and extinct. After the success of anti-Semitism, Nazism declared that the world was a jungle where the law of the jungle prevailed and the survival of the fittest was eliminated. All ethnic groups should win in the fierce competition for survival, carry out foreign aggression and expansion, and lead the world to war and disaster.
Nazism is an extreme and vicious nationalism that political speculators shamefully changed the concept of socialism and manipulated morbid nationalism. Nazism calls itself "socialism", but it runs counter to the essence of socialism "liberating and developing productive forces" and advocates seeking development through internal dictatorship and foreign aggression. Imperialism, racism and terrorism, which are extremely barbaric in nature, are bound to cause devastating disasters to human civilization.
The Third Reich is the official name of the Nazi regime in Germany (1933.1-1945.5). 1923 was first put forward by German nationalist writer Brooke (1876- 1925) in his book The Third Reich, which was later adopted by Hitler and officially named after the Nazis came to power in 1933. There are two meanings:
(1) indicates that Nazi Germany inherited the "Holy Roman Empire of the German nation" (that is, the first empire 962- 1806) and the "German Empire" (that is, the second empire.1871-kloc-0/9/kloc-).
(2) In medieval myths and legends, the "Third Reich" was regarded as a thousand-year-old peace and prosperity, so it was used to beautify the Nazi regime.
[Edit this paragraph] background of the times
After World War I, Germany was defeated and thus the Weimar Republic was founded. However, due to the harsh Treaty of Versailles, Germany had to cede territory to pay reparations, but it also reduced its armaments. However, the defeated Germany was unable to pay reparations. As a result, the national psychology of Germans went to extremes in the predicament of unemployment, inflation and diplomatic humiliation. In this era background, Weimar's * * also gradually disappeared.
[Edit this paragraph] Source of ideas
The main source of Nazism is fascism, and fascism does not have a complete classic-Mein Kampf, which can only be regarded as its Old Testament. This historical phenomenon is unprecedented, unlike the French Revolution, which was prepared by a lot of "philosophers" one after another. Fascist "thinkers" are rare. In fact, the word fascism itself clearly shows the essence of this phenomenon: it is the fusion of various forces, its consistency, and even its ideas are based on facts first, and then on established basis. Fascist dictators rely entirely on experience; "Leadership" is above, his actions are examples for the masses, and his words are truth. Anyway, fascists expose real or imaginary enemies through confrontation everywhere, and their designated enemies prove themselves; Their struggle is mainly a kind of xenophobia. At the same time, they will pursue some goals, make clear plans, and develop more or less consistent ideas. So fascism has the same theoretical basis. It is a mixture of arrangement and suggestion, which is similar to the minimum requirement of a complex population. We can change our minds on this requirement.
If fascism was once an international phenomenon, it once struggled to control the whole world; If all the state institutions and political powers named after it have some kind of "* * * same background", then the * * * similarity is thought-provoking; If everyone pretends to be anti-* * but does not form another new "international", in any case, ism has evolved in various national, social and racial environments and has its own methods.
So fascism is single and diverse. They are all made clear by nationalism, and they can also be hostile to each other because of nationalism-if it were not for Hitler's iron fist control, the Hungarian Arrow Cross and the Romanian Iron Guard would definitely fight for Transylvania; Italian fascists and German Nazis have been hostile for many years and have disputes with the Danube River basin in Austria. In French fascism, factions can never unite; Greece attacked by Mussolini was also a fascist regime, and so on.
Although different fascists are supported by the same kind, they reach power in different ways; The characteristics of * * * have different importance in different countries. At present, in order to control it, just one example is given: anti-semitism appeared in Italy very late, just like it was introduced from Germany. What we want to study is these fascists.
[Edit this paragraph] stands for
Hitler
Adolf Hitler was the head of Nazi Germany, the supreme commander of the armed forces and the number one war criminal in World War II. Born in Braunau, northern Austria, to a family of customs officials. After graduating from high school, I dreamed of becoming an artist. I went to Vienna to apply for the Academy of Fine Arts and finally came to Sun Shan. 19 13 before moving to Munich, Germany, he had no fixed job and became a fanatic of nationalism and anti-Semitism. 1965438+joined the german army in August 2004, served in the Bavarian reserve infantry 16 regiment, and participated in the first world war with the rank of corporal. Retired after the war and served as an agent of the National Defence Force's anti-espionage agency in Munik. In order to find a way out of life, he joined the German Workers' Party on 19 19. The following year, the party was renamed the National Socialist German Workers' Party, that is, the Nazi Party. 192 1 year, Hitler became the leader of the Nazi party and immediately organized the party's armed stormtroopers. 1923165438+10 launched a "beer shop riot" in Mounic in an attempt to establish a fascist regime after Mussolini. After his failure, he was arrested and imprisoned. In prison, he dictated Mein Kampf, advocating the abolition of the Treaty of Versailles, seizing the living space, expanding the territory, conquering the world, and propagating the thoughts of revenge, racism, national chauvinism and anti-Soviet and anti-* *. 1At the end of 924, Hitler was released from prison. After he was released from prison, he seized power through legal means. After years of organization and painstaking efforts, until 1933+ 10, with the support of monopoly capital groups and military circles, Natri Party finally developed into the largest party in Congress, and he himself ascended the throne of Prime Minister and began to realize his plan of dominating the world and making Germany Nazi. After the death of President Hindenburg 1934, Hitler was able to combine the powers of the President and the Prime Minister into one, abolished the Republic of China, renamed the German Third Reich, and claimed to be the "head of state" of the country. He dissolved parliament, banned all political parties except the Nazi party, persecuted and slaughtered producers, progressives and Jews, and practiced fascist dictatorship. 1935 tore up the Treaty of Versailles, announced rearmament and prepared to launch a war of aggression. After forming a favorable international situation for Germany, it entered the demilitarized zone of Rhineland in March 1936, and intervened in the Spanish civil war with the Italian armed forces in July of the same year, and then merged Austria and Czechoslovakia in March 1938 and March 1939 to complete the bloodless conquest.
1938, Hitler further monopolized the command of the army, navy and air force and served as the supreme commander of the German armed forces. 1September, 939, sending troops to attack Poland, and the fire of World War II was officially lit. 1in the spring of 940, the war spread to the west, and the British and French allied forces were defeated in only six weeks, occupying a vast area of western Europe and North Africa. 194 1 June, 2008, raided the Soviet Union in an attempt to defeat the Soviet Union within six weeks and two months. However, under the joint attack of the Soviet Union and the people of the world's anti-fascist countries, the once arrogant fascist Germany will eventually perish. Allied forces quickly turned into full-scale counterattacks in various battlefields, and the Germans were losing ground. 1On April 28th, 945, the Soviet Red Army invaded Berlin. 56-year-old Hitler saw the disaster coming, so he committed suicide with his mistress Eva in the underground shelter of the Prime Minister's Garden at 30 15: 30, thus ending his sinful life.
Owen Rommel
Rommel Rommel was a battalion commander at the end of the First World War. This typical Prussian soldier worships Hitler. 1936 September, Rommel was appointed commander of Hitler's Guard. 1in March 939, Hitler sent him twice to command the Fuehrer's mobile command, command the Germans to occupy Prague, and supervise Lithuania's "voluntary attribution" of force to Germany. 1September, 939, Rommel, as the commander of the Fuehrer's wartime command, directly directed the German invasion of Poland, thus formally provoking the Second World War. /kloc-in the summer of 0/940, he commanded the armored division known as the "devil's division" and broke through the "maginot line" with lightning speed, which made the British and French allied forces dizzy. 1at the beginning of 942, he led the African legion to land in North Africa and hit the British army many times. In view of his great achievements, Hitler personally awarded him a marshal's scepter.
Rudolf Hess
Rudolph? Hess 1894 was born in Alexandria, Egypt. He was a pilot in World War I. He met Adolf, the messenger, at the front command. Hitler. Six years later, Hitler was imprisoned in Landesburg prison because of the riot in Munich beer hall. Hurst, who deeply admired Hitler, rushed back from Austria to sue Hitler. In prison, Hitler dictated and Hess recorded, and wrote a book that will bring great disasters to mankind in the future: Mein Kampf. From then on, Hitler regarded Hess as his confidant. Hess was Hitler's private secretary from the Nazi Party 1923, and was later appointed as the deputy head of the Nazi Party. In September 1939, 1, Hess was appointed as Hitler's successor after Nazi Germany attacked Poland.
Canaris
Canaris was a vice captain of the German navy as early as 19 14, and later engaged in espionage in the army. 1923, he met Goering during the riots in Munich beer hall and told Goering that he could use the intelligence agencies in the army to help Hitler come to power. Soon he sent all the information about the political inclination, personality and economic situation of German officers to Hitler, which was extremely useful for Hitler to control German officers in the future. 1933 65438+ October, Weimar * * * and Feng, the last prime minister of the country? In order to cope with the economic crisis, Schleicher hopes to abolish the subsidy of Yongke landlords through legislation and alleviate the unemployment problem. This reform plan is so risky that Schleicher locked it in the safe of the Prime Minister's Office. Canaris stole a copy of this document and gave it to Hitler. After Hitler got it, he spread it out in front of President Hindenburg, accusing the Bolsheviks of hiding in government agencies. In order to protect the interests of the landlords, Hindenburg expelled Schleicher from the cabinet and appointed Hitler as prime minister. Since then, Canaris has repeatedly made outstanding achievements, was awarded the rank of general, and was entrusted with the important task of spy director of the German high command.
[Edit this paragraph] National Psychology
In Europe, different nationalities in almost every country have a strong sense of racial superiority and racial discrimination. After Hitler came to power, he even carried out a large-scale genocide. He slaughtered about 6 million Jews, but their reason was that Jews were not Germans, so they were not smart enough and should be killed to avoid polluting their pure national lineage.
Aggression: After Hitler came to power, Germany implemented a planned industrial policy to solve some of Germany's economic problems, and at the same time vigorously expanded its armaments. As a result, Austria was further annexed and the Czech Republic was invaded. However, the allies adopted a tolerant attitude, which made Germany more aggressive. 1September, 939, Germany invaded Poland. Britain and France, which have the obligation to help Poland, formally declared war on Germany, and the Second World War began.
[Edit this paragraph] "25-point plan"
The 25-point plan was formulated and published in February 1920. It is a programmatic document of the National Socialist German Workers' Party and a guide to Nazi behavior! In this program, Hitler only gave the Nazi party a socialist banner criticizing capitalism because of the situation, and painted the banner with nationalism to satisfy Germany's desire for post-war reform and revival, thus deceiving many Germans. The two banners of "socialism" and "nationalism" concealed the true face of Hitler's monopoly of bourgeois interests. After Hitler came to power, the true face of the Nazi party was completely exposed, and almost all the provisions suitable for monopolizing the interests of the bourgeoisie were realized, while the provisions reflecting the interests of workers and petty bourgeoisie were left behind.
First, based on the right of national self-determination, we demand that the Germans be unified into the Great German Empire.
Second, the German nation is required to enjoy equal rights with other nations, and the Treaty of Versailles and the Treaty of Saint-Germain are abolished.
Third, we demand that our country and territory (colonies) be sufficient to raise our nation and transplant our redundant population.
Fourth, only German compatriots can obtain the qualification of German citizens; Anyone with German nationality can become a German citizen regardless of his occupation. Therefore, Jews cannot become German nationals.
Article 5. All non-German citizens in Germany can only be regarded as foreigners and should be treated according to the laws governing foreigners.
Article 6. Only German citizens can decide the leaders and legal rights of the German state. Therefore, we require that all public offices, no matter what kind of public offices, whether federal, state or city public offices, must be held by German citizens. We oppose the corrupt parliamentary system, because parliamentary politics only appoints individuals according to party interests, regardless of morality and ability.
Seventh, we demand that the state take providing work and life for citizens as its primary task. If this country can't feed its entire population, it should expel foreigners (non-German citizens) from Germany.
Article 8: Non-Germans are prohibited from entering Germany. We demand the expulsion of all non-Germans who moved to Germany after August 2.
Article 9: All German citizens shall enjoy equal rights and obligations.
Article 10: The primary duty of every German citizen is to engage in physical or mental work. Personal activities should not harm the interests of all, but should be restricted by all and benefit all.
Therefore, we demand that:
Article 11 Unearned income should be banned, and interest slavery should be abolished. ：
Article 12 In view of the huge sacrifice of life and property brought to the people by every war, the windfall of war must be regarded as a crime against the people. Therefore, we demand the complete confiscation of all war profits.
Thirteenth, we demand that all trust companies be nationalized.
Article 14: We demand that the profits of large enterprises be distributed.
Fifthly, we demand a large-scale reorganization of old-age facilities.
Article 16: We demand the establishment and maintenance of a sound middle class. We demand that large department stores be nationalized immediately and rented to small enterprises at low prices. The state or state should give special care to all small enterprises when purchasing goods.
Article 17: We demand a land reform system suitable for the needs of the country, a law to confiscate land for public welfare without compensation, cancel land rent and stop all land speculation.
Article 18: We demand that those who endanger the public interest be severely suppressed. Dangerous racial crimes, loan sharks, speculators, etc. Regardless of their beliefs and race, they must be sentenced to death.
Article 19: We demand the use of German textbooks instead of Roman religious rights serving the materialistic world order.
Twentieth, in order to enable all capable and diligent Germans to receive higher education and have the opportunity to take up leadership positions, we demand the reform of the existing education system. The courses of all educational institutions must meet the needs of real life. Once children have the ability to understand, they should be inspired by their national concepts. We demand that particularly outstanding poor children, regardless of their parents' professional and social relations, should enjoy free education from the state.
Article 21. The state must protect mothers and children, prohibit the employment of child labor, promulgate laws to reward sports and physical exercise, and vigorously support all organizations that strengthen young people's physical strength in order to improve people's health.
Article 22: We demand the abolition of mercenaries and the establishment of a national army.
Article 23. We demand that laws be enacted to prohibit malicious political rumors and their propaganda in newspapers. We demand that the German authorities must:
1. The editors and staff of German newspapers should be German citizens.
Any non-German newspaper can only be published with special permission from Germany, but it is not allowed to be printed in German.
3. Any non-Germans must be prohibited from participating in financing German newspapers or trying to influence them according to law. Violators should close such newspapers and immediately expel non-Germans related to the newspaper. Newspapers that violate the public interest must be resolutely banned.
We demand that laws be enacted to resolutely ban arts and literature that have a negative impact on the lives of our people, and to close institutions and organizations that conflict with this demand.
Article 24: We demand that all freedom of religious belief be recognized within the scope of not endangering the survival of the country or violating German national customs and morals. Our party advocates active Christianity, but it is not bound by any religion. Our party opposes the materialism of Jews at home and abroad. Our party is convinced that only by adopting the principle of "distinguishing between public and private" can we devote ourselves to the permanent rejuvenation of our nation.
Article 25: We demand the establishment of a strong centralized government within the Federation to realize everything advocated by our party. The Central Committee and the National Assembly should have absolute power over the whole body and its organs; In order to implement the laws promulgated by the Federation, various professional conferences should be established. The leaders of our party vowed to strive for the above goals, even at the expense of the journey when necessary.
Nazism or national socialism refers to the dictatorship that ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945, that is, the "third Reich". Although Nazis usually claim to support the socialist form of totalitarian nationalist countries (contrary to Marx's Marxism), Nazism is usually associated with fascism.
The dictator Adolf Hitler became the leader of the National Socialist German Workers' Party. Germany in this period was also called Nazi Germany. Nazism is also called national socialism (German). Believers in Nazism are called Nazis. Nazism has been banned in contemporary Germany, although there are still a few remnants in Germany and other countries, that is, neo-Nazism. Some historical revisionists are still spreading propaganda that denies and downplays Nazi acts such as the Holocaust, trying to beautify the policies and actions of the Nazi regime.
Nazism, the transliteration of the German abbreviation "Nazism Mus", literally translated as "national socialism", was a political proposition put forward by Hitler and others before the Second World War. The basic theories of Nazism include: advocating the theory of racial superiority, believing that "superior race" has the right to enslave or even eliminate "inferior race"; Emphasize the principle of "leader" in all fields, and declare that "leader" is the representative of the overall will of the country, and state power should be held by one person; Advocating social Darwinism and advocating war as a means to seize living space and establish world hegemony; Oppose ideology and socialist system, and viciously attack Marxist theory.
Nazism sprouted in Germany after World War I and was the product of sharp contradictions inside and outside Germany. At that time, Germany was faced with the problems of war responsibility and war compensation, as well as the problem of moving out of the residence of non-Germans. The economy was in trouble and national feelings suffered setbacks. Hitler and others took advantage of the German people's hatred of the Treaty of Versailles and the economic crisis to turn nationalism into national revenge and form Nazism. German Nazism first pointed its finger at Jews in China, claiming that Aryan-Nordic Germans were a race endowed with "ruling power" by God, while Jews were inferior and should be eliminated and extinct. After the success of anti-Semitism, Nazism declared that the world was a jungle where the law of the jungle prevailed and the survival of the fittest was eliminated. All ethnic groups should win in the fierce competition for survival, carry out foreign aggression and expansion, and lead the world to war and disaster.
Nazism is an extreme and vicious nationalism that political speculators shamefully changed the concept of socialism and manipulated morbid nationalism. Nazism calls itself "socialism", but it runs counter to the essence of socialism "liberating and developing productive forces" and advocates seeking development through internal dictatorship and foreign aggression. Imperialism, racism and terrorism, which are extremely barbaric in nature, are bound to cause devastating disasters to human civilization.
[Edit this paragraph] logo
"Ba" is the mantra of many ancient tribes, which appeared in the history of ancient India, Persia, Greece, Egypt, Troy and other countries, and was later adopted by some ancient religions. At first, people regarded it as a symbol of the sun or fire, and later people generally regarded it as an auspicious symbol.
With the spread of ancient Indian Buddhism, the word "Wan Zi" was also introduced into China. In Sanskrit, this word is pronounced as "full room is beneficial to time", which means "auspicious sea clouds", that is, auspicious symbols presented between the sea and the sky. Painted on the Buddha's chest, it is regarded as "auspicious" by Buddhists and can emit precious light. "its light is swaying, and there are thousands of things." The translation of the word "Wan" in Buddhism in China is also inconsistent. A scripture in the Northern Wei Dynasty translated it into the word "Wan", and Xuanzang and others translated it into the word "De" in the Tang Dynasty, emphasizing the infinite merits of the Buddha, which was defined by Empress Wu Zetian in the Tang Dynasty as
The word "10,000" means to gather the good fortune of the world.
There are two ways to write the word "Ai", one is right-handed ("Ai") and the other is left-handed ("Ai"). Most Buddhists believe that the rotation of the right hand should prevail, because it is auspicious for Buddhism, and all kinds of Buddhist ceremonies held by Buddhists are carried out with the right hand. This mysterious symbol, regarded by Buddhists as auspicious and meritorious, was used by Hitler, the leader of German fascism, as his symbol of party flag. Of course this has nothing to do with Buddhism. Party flag designed by Hitler himself, with white characters on a red background and black Nazi party emblem embedded in the middle. Hitler was very satisfied with their design and thought that "this is a real symbol". In his book Mein Kampf, he said: "Red symbolizes the social significance of our movement, and white symbolizes nationalist thought.
This word symbolizes the mission of winning Aryan victory. Later, Hitler also designed armbands and Nazi party emblem for his stormtroopers and party member.
[Edit this paragraph] Nazi Party
Nazi Party, namely the National Socialist German Workers' Party (also known as the National Socialist German Workers' Party, referred to as the National Socialist Party, commonly known as the Nazi Party; German: National Sozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, NSDAP；; English: The National Socialist German Workers' Party (commonly known as the Nazi Party) was a German political party during the Weimar Republic in the first half of the 20th century. Its predecessor was the German Labor Party (German: Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, abbreviated as DAP), which was led by Adolf Hitler and won the German parliamentary election. Hitler, the leader, became German Chancellor in 1933. The era of Weimar Republic ended and entered the era of Hitler's dictatorship Nazi Party, commonly known as "Nazi Germany" or "the Third Reich". 1945 In May, after Germany was defeated and occupied by the Allies in World War II, the Nazi Party was dissolved and declared illegal by Decree No.2 of the Allied Control Committee.
[Edit this paragraph] Neo-Nazism
Neo-Nazism is a political trend of thought after World War II, aiming at continuing the Nazi spirit, maintaining racial purity and emphasizing the superiority of whites. The concrete embodiment of neo-Nazism in Russia is the "skinhead party".
"Bald head" is a foreign word in Russian, which is directly transliterated from English. The phenomenon of "skinheads" is also an exotic product introduced into Russia from Germany and Britain.
Russia's "skinheads" first appeared in the 1990s. Its members are all Russian young people, ranging in age from teenagers to twenties. They shaved their hair and wore black clothes, trousers and boots. Some even regard Hitler, the Nazi leader of Germany, as an idol, wearing Nazi symbols on his arms and printing Nazi symbols on his clothes, so he is also called neo-Nazi.
According to the statistics of the Russian Human Rights Commission, there are 50,000 skinheads in Russia, but there is no unified organization, and they are scattered all over the country in the form of small criminal groups. The skinheads are mostly teenagers, believe in extreme nationalism and Nazism, advocate white supremacy, hate foreigners and advocate violence, and their slogan is "Russia is a Russian country". At present, there are seven nationalist political parties and organizations at the Russian Federation level, and local nationalist organizations are also very active, mainly targeting non-Slavs such as Africans, Asians and Caucasians.