The first wave began in the late 1970s and early 1980s, focusing on the teaching of computer science, that is, to enable students to learn and master the basic knowledge and skills of information technology. The iconic slogan is "Programming is the second culture".
Development context: the starting grade is from high school, junior high school to primary school; Course forms range from elective courses to compulsory courses; At first, the content of the course was mainly program design, and then the operation and use of application software were gradually increased; The name of the course has also been changed from computer course to "information technology course" with wider connotation and more international standards.
The second wave began in the middle and late 1980s, focusing on computer-aided teaching and computer-aided management, mainly developing teaching software, courseware and education management software, using computers as tools to combine computers with education and teaching, with the iconic slogan that "the combination of computers and basic education is the development trend of international education reform".
Development venation: the types of educational software are developing from "courseware" to "component" and "integrable ware", and the teaching platform with open resources, tools and platforms has become the development direction; computer
Auxiliary teaching has developed from showing knowledge and taking teachers as the center to "course integration" with students as the center and highlighting students' subjectivity, that is, integrating information technology into the courses and teaching of various disciplines; Teachers develop their own courseware to teach.
Teachers integrate and utilize various information technology education and teaching resources; Constructivism teaching mode has become the theoretical basis of curriculum integration.
The purpose of curriculum integration is to organically combine information technology with subject teaching, integrate information technology with subject teaching and learning, and use technology as a tool to improve the efficiency and effect of teaching and learning and change the traditional teaching mode.
The third wave began in the mid-to-late 1990s, focusing on online education, with the iconic slogan of "building networks, libraries and teams".
Development environment: building multimedia electronic classrooms; Building a campus network; Combining Skynet with ground network, implementing school-to-school communication project; Provide online courses for students; Establish an online education resource library; Study the teaching mode based on network; Explore research-based learning based on network; Try the distance teaching mode; At present, it is still in the stage of active exploration and experiment, and its development momentum is very strong.
The highlight of online education is the "school-to-school communication" project determined by the Ministry of Education. Its goal is: within 5- 10 years, about 90% of independent primary and secondary schools in China can access the Internet, so that teachers and students in primary and secondary schools can enjoy online educational resources and improve the quality of primary and secondary education and teaching.
After nearly 20 years of three waves and three stages of development, information technology education, information technology curriculum, curriculum integration and network education in primary and secondary schools in China go hand in hand, and have the trend of mutual penetration and integration, and are facing unprecedented rapid development.