According to the regulations, the model of an airplane consists of at most 5 capital letters (generally 2-3 letters) and 1 number * * *. Here is an example to illustrate the following:
The composition is 1234⑤.
Alphabet/number alphabet alphabet alphabet alphabet alphabet alphabet alphabet alphabet alphabet alphabet alphabet
YF- 12
JOV- 10D
The meanings of each part are as follows: ① Development stage or status symbol (G- grounded forever, used for ground test; J- temporary special species testing; N- permanent special species inspection; X- test type; Y sampler; Plan z). (2) Any sign of change (A- attack; C- transportation; D refers to swing; E- special generator equipment; F- fighting; H- search and rescue; K- come on; L- use in cold weather; M missile; O- observation; P- patrol logic; Q- target machine; R- detection; S- anti-submarine; T- teaching practice; U- multipurpose) (3) Basic service (use) symbol (A- attack; C- transportation; E- special generator equipment; F- fighting; H- search and rescue; L- laser loader; O- observation; P- patrol logic; Q- target machine; R- detection; S- anti-submarine; T- teaching practice; U- multi-purpose; X- research)。 (4) Class symbol number (G- Slider; H- vertical elevator; Q- unmanned aerial vehicle; S- space plane; Vertical takeoff and landing/short takeoff and landing aircraft; Z balloon, flying boat). ⑤ Set a serial number and connect it with the previous item with a short line. ⑥ Number of column symbols in the design system.
Some weapons have set the serial number of the generation table, which is discontinuous. For example, fighter planes, F-4, F-5 followed by F-6, F-7, F-8 and so on. F- 14, F- 15, F- 16 is followed by F/A- 18, and there is no f-17 in the middle; Then there are F-22 and F-35. One of the reasons why the number of words is discontinuous is that the scheme is put forward but there is no research; The other depends on the serial number of the research machine. For example, the "combined attack and defense bucket machine" being developed is code-named F-35 because the serial number of the testing machine is X-35. It is known that F- 1 17 is the largest number of fighting machines, and it is classified as "another type" because it is listed before 1962. In addition, when the number of words reaches a certain time, it will not continue, but will be compiled from scratch. For example, the code of the installed ammunition machine is B-58, the code of the developed ammunition machine is B-70 (not equipped), and the codes of the two later developed ammunition machines are B- 1 and B-2 respectively.
In addition to the model, the plane usually has a "popular name". For example, F( 16) is called "Falcon" and F/A-22 is called "Raptor"; B-2 stealth bomber is called "ghost". Type numbers are often used, while the public and the media sometimes use common names that are vivid and easy to remember.
Ship name rules
The ship name rules of the US Navy include the ship model (including the ship type generation code and serial number) to correspond to the symbolic ship names of each ship. For example, "CVN-65 Enterprise" is a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier "Enterprise", the ship type code is "CVN", the ship number is "65" and the ship name is "Enterprise".
The official name and number of the U.S. navy ship originated from 1895. At the beginning of the 20th century, the method of naming ships was adopted. After World War II, letters such as "N" for nuclear power, "B" for ballistic missile guidance and "G" for missile guidance should be added to the ship code. The name of the ship shall be decided by the Secretary of the Navy. The naming rules of ship life before the order are as follows.
Generation code and ship name origin of submarine type of US Navy Department.
Source of ship type code and ship name
Aircraft carrier nuclear-powered aircraft carrier CVN is a famous naval vessel, president, admiral and politician.
Aircraft carrier CV famous naval vessels, famous battles, presidents, battlefields
Amphibious assault ship amphibious helicopter attack ship LPH famous Marine Corps campaign.
Aviation amphibious assault ship LHA's famous Marine Corps campaign.
Amphibious dock attack ship LHD famous aircraft carrier
Landing ship amphibious dock landing ship LPD city, honorary pioneer
Dock landing ship, psychedelic city, honorary pioneer
Name of city and county of tank landing ship LST
Cruiser missile cruiser CG American celebrity, famous battle
Nuclear-powered missile cruiser CGN American celebrity, famous city, federal state
Destroyer/frigate destroyer DD famous navy/marine corps officers and soldiers
Missile destroyer DDG, a famous naval/marine officer.
The famous naval/marine officer frigate FF
Missile frigate FFG, a famous naval/marine officer.
submerge
SSN marine life, president, admiral, politician, town, state
Chairman of ballistic missile nuclear submarine SSBN, American celebrity, federal country
Mine warship small mine-laying boat DM navy old shallow water heavy gunboat
Mine-sweeping AM bird, abstract feature, action slogan
Anti-mine support ship MCS famous marine corps combat
Abstract characteristics and action slogan of MCM of anti-mine ship
MHC birds on coastal mine-hunting boats
Town patrol boat escort boat
PR island river gunboat
PYC gem of coastal speedboat, general vocabulary
Military auxiliary ship, arms ship, AE volcano, words related to flame and explosion
Combat supply ship AFS city, mythical figure, planet
Amphibious command ship LCC Mountain
Survey ship AGS, a famous marine surveyor.
Medal of honor winner of cargo ship AK, others
Ro-ro cargo ship AKR planet, comedian, cape, others.
Hospital boats, words of peace or comfort.
Oil tanker Aohe, city, battle and ship designer
President and general of Associated Press, outstanding woman, places of interest.
Auxiliary tugboat ATA Indian tribe
Repair ship AR mythical figure
Terminology related to maritime rescue of ARS rescue ship
Due to historical reasons, this naming rule still exists and is confused in some spears and shields. For example, SSN(2 1 class nuclear submarine), the names of the three boats are marine life name, allied name and common name respectively; The common name can be the name of the aircraft carrier or transport ship. In joint operations, the mixed naming of ships will bring about interoperability problems that cannot be ignored. In order to standardize the names of ships and boats, some parties call for: for the same type of ships and boats, only the names of the same source can be used; Stop naming ships after living people; The name of the ship and the name of the ship should be able to play the role of drummer. The US Navy initially determined that submarines were named after states, destroyers were named after navy/marine corps, and aircraft carriers were named after universal systems.
Naming rules for marine equipment
The naming of most land-based weapons of the U.S. Army should be carried out in accordance with the rules of army weapons naming, that is, the military standard MIL-STD- 1464A. The service life specification of army ordnance equipment is applicable to all kinds of ground main battle ordnance and obstacle protection equipment, including armored vehicles, fire monitors, light ordnance, three-proof equipment, engineering equipment, maintenance equipment, transportation equipment and ammunition, but excluding aircraft, vertical elevators and guided missiles.
The model of marine weapons consists of two parts: the number of weapons and the type of weapons. The number of general weapons consists of the letter M, numbers and letters representing modified models. There are no hyphens or spaces between letters and numbers. For example, M 1A 1 cannot be written as M 1-A 1 or M 1- A 1. In the same kind of equipment, the number after m cannot be repeated, such as M 1 tank and M60 tank. The numbers of different equipment types can be repeated, such as M60 tanker, M60 general machine gun, M 1 13 armored transport vehicle, M 1 13 armored trimming vehicle, etc. Therefore, the name of the US Army's marine equipment must consist of two parts: the number of weapons and the category of weapons. Otherwise, we can't see what a weapon is.
What needs to be clear is that marine weapons are installed in the research stage, and their numbers should be preceded by the letter "M" with the letter "X", such as XM 1 main battle tank. After setting, remove the "x" to make it M 1. For modification, A 1, A2, A3… should be added after the number. For example, M60A 1, M60A2 and M60A3 are the second and third modifications of M60 tank. If it is an experimental modification, add E 1, E2, E3…… ................................................................................................................................................... Weapons are represented by a unique name or phrase, such as howitzers, main battle tanks and infantry fighting vehicles.
Main battle tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, some self-propelled artillery and other weapons and equipment usually have a name, and most of them are the surnames of famous army generals. For example, the tanker in the M 1 main battle is called "abrams" and the M2 infantry fighting vehicle is called "bradley".
(Tomahawk cruise missile has many modifications on the basis of the basic model. (1, sea-launched air-to-ground attack type with conventional warhead, 2, sea-launched air-to-ground attack type with nuclear warhead, 3, sea-launched anti-ship type with conventional warhead, 4, common tail section))
Missile naming rules
After World War II, the US military began to develop various types of guided missiles. At the beginning, all services determined their own guided missile numbers according to the numbering naming method of traditional weapons. Because the standards are not uniform, it brings a lot of inconvenience to the identification and management of guided missiles. For this reason, in June 1963, the U.S. Department of Defense published a set of missile numbering and naming rules applicable to the whole army, which bound up the confusion of missile numbering and naming in the three armed forces. In 1990, the life name rule is extended to be applicable to carrying rockets (propellers) and satellites. The new naming rules are distributed in "Air Force Joint Instruction" (AFJI 16-40 1) and "Ministry of National Defense Publication" (4120.15-L.1997). In September, the definition and name of military aviation spacecraft were released.
According to the new naming rules, the model of military aerospace vehicle consists of serial number (tables ① ~ ⑥ below) and name (or abbreviated as table ⑥ below). Here is an example to illustrate the following:
Component ⑤ 32 145⑦
Letter/number letter letter letter letter letter letter letter letter letter letter letter letter letter letter.
Advanced medium-range air-to-air missile
L G M-30 g submachine gun M-30 g Militia III (Militia III)
RGM-84A R G M-84 A Harpoon
The meanings of each part are as follows: ① aircraft type symbol number (B- propeller; M- guided missiles, drones and drones; N- detector; R- rocket; S satellite). (2) The flight vehicle uses the route code (C- transportation; D- deception; E- private telephone equipment and communication; Attacking ground or sea targets; I- air or air interception; N- navigation; Q- drone is used for reconnaissance and surveillance; S- air combat support; T- training; U- underwater attack; W- gas image observation). (3) the environmental mark number of the launch ring of the aircraft (A- space launch; B- can be launched on various platforms; C- the horizontal or inclined angle of the cover is less than 45, and it is emitted from the ground; F- single person carrying and shooting; G- road or ground shooting; H- underground well storage and ground discharge; L- underground well blasting; M- ground machine dynamic shooting; P- soft launch platform, no fixed launch platform on the ground; R- getting into and out of water from surface ships; S space launch; U- underwater shooting). ④ The design sequence number of the model usually starts from 1. A missile can have many modifications, which can be distinguished by using the same design serial number and variations of other parts. ⑤ Special model of missile. The 1 application type number is a; The second type number to be used is B, which means 1 modify the type, and so on. ⑥ The research stage or shape of missile guidance station should be removed after setting (C- collocation test; D-shaped mold; J- temporary special test; N- long-term special test; X test; Y sampler; Plan z). ⑦ Name or abbreviation. Although this is not part of the missile life rule, most missiles have a name or abbreviation in the planning stage or research stage. When people refer to a missile in newspapers, official documents or new news media, they almost always use a name or abbreviation.
In the 1960s, the names of US missile guides were often borrowed from animal names (such as rattlesnake, sparrow and fighting dog) or gods (such as Thor, Cosmic God and Mighty God). With the increase of missile guidance varieties, some models have no specific names, but are replaced by acronyms (abbreviation) that describe the characteristics of missile guidance text. When Jane's surname is translated into Chinese, sometimes it is translated according to the meaning, and sometimes it is translated according to the sound. There is no fixed rule. For example, the surface-to-air missile HAWK (translated as "self-seeking anti-personnel missile", translated as "Eagle" missile) and the surface-to-air anti-radiation missile HARM (translated as "high-speed anti-radiation missile", translated as "Hamm" missile).
Take "YAIM- 120 AMRAAM" as an example. Each part is divided into sub-representatives: prototype (Y), air-to-air shooting (A), air-to-air interception target (I), missile (M), design serial number (120) and abbreviation (AMRAAM "preemptive medium-range air-to-air missile"). For another example, the serial number of Tomahawk cruise missile is BGM- 109, the serial number of the prototype is YGBM- 109, and the basic BGM- 109A is a sea-launched ground attack type with nuclear warheads. The second type BGM- 109B is a sea-launched anti-ship type with conventional warheads, and the third type BGM- 109C is a sea-launched ground attack type with conventional warheads. ...
In order to show the major modifications and different stages of some guided missiles, the corresponding "gear" and "phase" are added after the model to show the difference. For example, Tomahawk cruise missiles include Block IV Phase I and Block IV Phase II.
Naming rules for nuclear weapons
The nuclear weapons owned by the United States include nuclear warheads of guided missiles, nuclear aviation bombs, nuclear artillery bombs and so on. , using uniform rules and names. Each nuclear weapon has a serial number consisting of letters and numbers, and the letters and numbers are connected by short lines. The letter W stands for the War Department, such as W-87 and W-88. The letter b stands for explosive bomb (used before 1968), such as B-6 1 and B-83. If a nuclear bomb is changed into a warhead, usually only the initials of the generation category are changed and its serial number is retained. For example, the Mk-39 nuclear bomb was changed to a nuclear warhead and the number was changed to W-39.
In order to avoid confusion with the names of aircraft bombed by the US Air Force, the short line between the letter B and the nuclear bomb number is often omitted and changed to B6 1, B83, etc. The modified model of a weapon is Mod 1, Mod2, MOD 3 ... after the world code, there are 1, No.2, No.3 ... The modified types of this weapon are displayed by classification. Mod is often simplified as a short line, such as B61-1,W80-0, etc. B6 1- 1 1 stands for nuclear bomb B6 1 165438.
There are also letters indicating the types of nuclear weapons: XW-the barrel part of the research and test stage; TX- test bomb (original aerial bomb or warhead); EC- emergency energy (original bomb design, little stock); S gun (rarely used).
Now, for example, the life name of a nuclear weapon has been added: W-88, which means that this weapon is a barrel, and the serial number is 88, that is, the 88th nuclear weapon. Developed by Los Alamos National Laboratory, W-88 is a warhead guided by Trident II submarine-launched ballistic missile. Installed on Mk-5 reentry vehicle, the explosive power is 475,000 tons TNT equivalent. Another example is B6 1, which means that the weapon is a nuclear bomb. Its basic type is B6 1Mod0, abbreviated as B6 1-0, and its explosive force is 10 ~ 300 kilotons TNT equivalent. Make many modifications from back to front, and the types of modifications are called B6 1Mod 1, B6 1Mod2, B61mod3 ................................................................................................
Naming rules of battery life
1943, the U.S army began to use "the life rules and names of Lu Haijun joint use" as the life rules and names of batteries used by the whole army. This regulation is also called "Joint Communication-Telephone Name Regulation" or "Safety Regulation" for short. AN stands for army and navy. 1947, when the air force was founded, this rule was also adopted to correct the name of its electric workers. In 1957, the AN regulation was officially listed as the military standard MIL-STD- 196, "Nomenclature and Standby Rules for Combined Switchgear" (JETDS). After several minor modifications, MIL-STD- 196E was published in 1998 for general generator equipment, subsystems and system names. According to the rules of this name, all numbers begin with "AN/" (abnormal field combinations can be omitted) and consist of six parts. Here is an example to illustrate the following:
Component 123456
Alphabet/numeric alphabet alphabet alphabet alphabet alphabet
An /APG (General Service)
An /ALQ
The meanings of each part are as follows: (1) Set the installation position (platform) symbol (A- aircraft; B- underwater mobile platform; P- portable; V- ground vehicles, etc. ). (2) equipment type symbol number (A- invisible light and heat radiation equipment; C- carrier preparation; L pair of reactance equipment; P- radar; Wireless communication equipment, etc. ). (3) Set an alternate symbol number (D- detection or monitoring; N- navigation; R- received or detected; W- automatic flight control or remote control; Y- monitoring and control, etc. ) .④ Model number sequence (1 ~ 500 is used in the United States, and the model number sequence number used in Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Britain has its own area). ⑤ Set the number of modification symbols (the 1 th modification type is A, and the second modification type is B, which is pushed by subcategory). ⑥ "(v)" indicates that the structure of the equipment can be changed, and the following text is used to determine the specific modification of the equipment.
For example, AN/PRC(66B( X, y or Z) (V) is a portable wireless communication station, which is the second improved version of the 66th model of this station. Where: AN/ table means using the JETDS life name rule; P stands for portable platform; R table shows the radio station; Table c shows the communication mode; 66 is the design sequence number; Table B shows the second modification, and table X, Y or Z shows the change of voltage, phase or frequency. (v) display the variable part.