After the establishment of the new dynasty, Wang Mang wanted to rectify the social order at that time and get rid of the social crisis, so he ordered the reform, that is, to develop production by restoring the ancient mining field system and prohibiting slave trading. Wang Mang stipulated that all the land in the country should be changed to "Wang Tian", and slaves in private homes should be changed to "private ownership" and no transactions are allowed. Monogamy can get 100 mu of land, a family with less than 8 men is not allowed to exceed 900 mu (900 mu is a well), and the extra fields must be taken out in centimeters. Wang Mang also stipulated that grain, textiles and taxes are all controlled by the state, while industries such as casting money, salt, iron and brewing are all run by the government. These reforms look good, but in fact, they only put a lot of wealth into the hands of the royal family. All the land was occupied by big noble, and the people still had no land. The result of this "reform" is only to make people poorer. Under such circumstances, a nationwide peasant uprising finally broke out.

/kloc-in 0/8, Fan Chong, a wicked Shandong, launched a peasant uprising in Juxian County (now Juxian County, Shandong Province). Based on Mount Tai, the rebels grew to tens of thousands in less than a year. The rebel army put forward the slogan "the murderer dies, the wounded are injured", which has a strong appeal and soon developed into the power of several provinces. The rebel army elected Fan Chong as its supreme leader. When fighting, he painted his eyebrows red, so he was called "Red Eyebrow Army".

When the Red Eyebrow Army won successive victories, Qing and Xu wrote a letter to Wang Mang, in which he blamed the chaos in the world on court officials, and suggested: "If you want to quell the rebellion, you must carefully select local officials, let local officials resettle the affected people, concentrate the people in big cities, accumulate more food and grass, and stick to the city. It is natural that the insurgents can't attack the city for a long time. " Otherwise, just sending troops to suppress it will only increase the burden on the people. The people think that the government is inferior to the rebels, which is very dangerous! "After reading this letter, follwed is very unhappy. He not only refused, but transferred the situation from Shandong to Chang 'an and sent someone to replace him.

2 1 year, Wang Mang sent Wang Kuang, a surname, and Lian Po, a "new stove" general, to suppress the insurgents in Fan Chong. These government troops burned and looted along the way, but the Red Eyebrow Army was disciplined and the people liked it very much. At that time, several songs said: "It is better to meet a surname (Wang Kuang) than a red eyebrow; Taishi is ok, start again (Lian Dan) and kill me. "

In Liang Jun (now Shangqiu, Henan Province), the Red Eyebrow Army fought fiercely with hundreds of thousands of troops such as Wang Kuang and Lian Dan. Even Dan died, Wang Kuang fled, and 100,000 troops were wiped out, which greatly boosted the military strength of the Red Eyebrow Army.

And red eyebrow army uprising at the same time, there are Wang Kuang in the north of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (this Wang Kuang is not a Wang Kuang of follwed), Wang Feng is the leader of the rebel army, and the rebel army is based on Greenwood Mountain (now Dahongshan at the northern foot of Jingshan Mountain in Hubei Province), so they are called Greenwood Heroes in history. The heroes of the Greenwood developed rapidly, and soon reached nearly ten thousand people. Wang Mang sent Xing to Jingzhou to suppress outlaws. Before leaving, Wang Mang asked Fei Xing what measures he would take to quell the rebellion. Fei Xing said, "People in that area used to make a living by fishing and farming. Our reorganization robbed them of their livelihood before they rebelled. I am going to let them go home to farm and fish, lend them money to buy cattle, farm land and reduce taxes, and they will settle down. " Wang Mang thought Fei Xing was satirizing himself, so he immediately dismissed from office and sent people to suppress outlaws.

In 22 years, infectious diseases prevailed in Lvlin Mountain area, and the heroes of Lvlin moved in two ways. A route led by Wang Chang and Cheng Dan is called "Xiajiang Bing". The other route was led by Wang Kuang, Wang Feng and Ma Wu, and was called "new soldier". When the new army advanced to Linping (now the northeast of Sui County, Hubei Province), thousands of Mu Chen insurgents responded. This team is called "Ping Bing Lin", and the momentum of the outlaw heroes is increasing day by day.

When the outlaw hero was growing, some members of the royal family of the Western Han Dynasty also joined the peasant uprising army. Liu Xuan joined Ping, and Ada and Liu Xiu (later Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty) rose up in Fuling (now Zaoyang, Hubei Province) to fight against Wang Mang, so-called "Fuling soldiers", and joined the outlaw hero to fight with the new army and Ping, winning every battle. In 23 years, outlaw heroes established Liu Xuan as emperor in Ganyang (now south of Nanyang, Henan), with the title of "Start over", and Liu Xuan was also called "Qingxin Emperor" in history.

Follwed heard that Liu Xuan became emperor, and quickly called hundreds of thousands of troops to suppress outlaws. The outlaw hero fought against Wang Mang's army in Kunyang (now Ye County, Henan Province) and defeated more than 400,000 Wang Mang's army. The outlaw hero pushed forward again and captured Chang 'an. Wang Mang was hacked to death by the insurgents, and the new dynasty, which only existed for more than ten years, perished.

When the outlaw hero made Liu Xuan emperor, the Red Eyebrow Army chose another descendant of 15 as emperor, and then set off for Chang 'an.

After the demise of the new dynasty, there was another struggle between the outlaw hero and the Red Eyebrow Army. Finally, Liu Xiu won the victory and re-established the regime of the Han Dynasty, with Luoyang as its capital, which was called the Eastern Han Dynasty in history and Liu Xiu as Emperor Guangwu.