Eight Peasant Uprising in osawa Township
In the autumn of 209 BC, Qin Imperial Court recruited Zuo Cha to station troops in Yuyang, and more than 900 people, including Chen Sheng, were sent to defend Yuyang. On the way, I was blocked by heavy rain in osawa Township, Qixian County, and I couldn't reach my destination as scheduled. In desperation, Chen Sheng and Guangwu led the defenders to kill the officers who escorted them and launched a rebellion.
The insurgents elected Chen Sheng as general and Guangwu as captain. Even Ozawa Township and Qixian County, and established the Zhang Chu regime in Chenxian County, all localities responded in succession. Daze Township Uprising failed because of Chen Sheng's pride after seizing power and Qin General Zhang Han's suppression of Qin Jun.
This uprising dealt a heavy blow to the Qin Dynasty and opened the prelude to the peasant uprising at the end of the Qin Dynasty. This is the first large-scale civilian uprising in the history of China. Although the uprisings of Chen Sheng and Guangwu failed, the subsequent Qin Dynasty was unable to suppress the uprising war initiated by the adherents of the six countries, and eventually the Qin Dynasty perished, and Liu Bang, a minor official, became emperor.
Above, 7 Greenwood Uprising
Wang Mang's cruel oppression, coupled with a series of natural disasters, drove the peasants to desperation and revolted in succession. In the east and south, a large number of peasants rose up against the officers and men. Later, it joined the Liu Xiu rebels in Ada and became the source of the rejuvenation of Guangwu. In 2 1 year, 20,000 herdsmen in Jingzhou, Xin Mang attacked the outlaw hero, and the outlaw hero defeated the mang army, increasing its strength to tens of thousands.
There is no unified command for several teams of outlaw heroes. Soldiers think that there are too many people, and there must be a leader to unify the orders. Some generals from aristocratic landlords took advantage of the orthodoxy of some people at that time and thought that it was necessary to find a person named Liu as a leader to meet the people's hearts. Later, soldiers from all walks of life made Liu Xuan emperor and restored the title of the Han Dynasty.
Liu Xiu publicly broke with the Liu Xuan regime and ascended the throne in Chiaki Minami Pavilion, Ganxian County, claiming to be "a million troops crossing the state". In order to show the intention of reviving the Han Dynasty, Liu Xiujianguo still used the title of "Han"; It took Liu Xiu twelve years to conquer the world after he ascended the throne, and reunified China, which had been torn apart since the last years of the New Mang. But Liu Xiu is a descendant of the royal family. How can he be regarded as a farmer? Identity is one of his greatest assets.
Above, 6 Yellow Scarf Uprising
The Yellow Scarf Uprising was a peasant war at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and one of the largest religious uprisings in the history of China. Beginning in A.D. 184, the imperial court was corrupt, the eunuchs and consorts fought constantly, the border wars continued, the national situation became weaker and weaker, and because of the national drought, the taxes were not reduced, and the poor peasants who had no choice but to rise up under the orders of Zhang Jiao, a giant deer man.
Wearing a yellow turban and shouting the slogan "Heaven dies, Heaven should stand, and the world will be fine at the age of 60", launched a fierce attack on bureaucratic landlords and had a great impact on the rule of the Eastern Han Dynasty court. In order to quell the rebellion, all localities have paid tribute to their soldiers. Although the uprising ended in failure, the situation of warlordism and the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty was in name only, which finally formed a situation of tripartite confrontation.
Above, 5 peasant uprisings at the end of Sui Dynasty.
The peasant uprising at the end of the Sui Dynasty was a great peasant uprising that overthrew the rule of the Sui Dynasty at the beginning of the seventh century. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Yang Di built a large-scale project year after year, and constantly used troops abroad. The heavy corvee and military service made the fields barren, and people everywhere rebelled, forming a massive nationwide peasant uprising.
From 6 1 1 year, Wang Baoling led the First Righteousness of Changbai Mountain to 624, when Fu Gongyou failed to fight against the Tang Dynasty, it lasted 14 years. Among them, three powerful insurgents were formed, namely, Wagang Army in Henan, Dou Jiande Army in Hebei, Du Jun in Jianghuai and Fugong Water Army, which dealt a heavy blow to the Sui Dynasty.
In the end, however, it was Tang Guogong Li Yuan, who had been preparing for victory for thousands of years, and was the secretariat of Qiaocheng, Gansu and Qi. Others such as Shimi in Henan, Xue in Longyou, Luo Yi in Longzhou, Wang in Luoyang, Li Gui in Longyou, Xiao Xian in Baling and Liang in Shuofang were defeated one after another.
Above, 4 Huang Chao Uprising.
Huang Chao was born in a salt merchant family. He is good at riding and shooting, good at pen and ink, and rare in poetry, but he has tried many times as an adult. One year before the Wang Xianzhi Uprising, there was a great drought in Kanto, and officials forced the people to pay rent and take official positions. The people were cornered, gathered around Huang Chao, and had many armed conflicts with Tang Ting officials.
In 875, Wang Xianzhi, Shang Yang and others set out in Changyuan. Huang Chao in unjust verdict, nephew Huang Yan, Huang En powers and other eight people arise and respond to Wang Xianzhi. Huang Chao Uprising was a peasant uprising with the longest duration, the largest spread and the most far-reaching influence in the late Tang Dynasty. Huang Chao's chaos hit nearly half of the Tang Dynasty, which led to the great decline of national strength in the last years of the Tang Dynasty.
Huang Chao Uprising, by means of mobile warfare, spread all over the vast areas of Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Shaanxi and other provinces, which shook the rule of the Tang Dynasty. However, due to long-term mobile operations, no stable rear, lack of economic security and mass base, it was difficult to last, and the rebels eventually failed.
Above, the peasant uprising in Yuan at the end of March.
At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, officials were corrupt and taxed excessively, and the national tax was 20 times higher than that at the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty. A large number of Mongolian nobles seized the land, the Central Plains suffered from famine for years, and the people went bankrupt and went into exile, unable to make a living. At that time, the Yellow River flooded, which brought great disaster to the people in the middle and lower reaches.
135 1 year, the Yuan Dynasty recruited150,000 people to build the Yellow River and sent 20,000 troops to suppress it along the river. Officials who supervise river construction embezzled and embezzled the "food money" of migrant workers, causing them to starve and freeze, which caused great public anger. Han, the leader of the Northern White Lotus Sect, and his brother decided to seize this opportunity to launch an uprising. The rebels wear red scarves and are called the Red Scarf Army.
In the end, the Northern Red Scarf Army uprising failed. However, Zhu Yuanzhang in the south used the Yuan Army to cope with the Northern Red Scarf Army and was too busy to take care of the facts in the south. He took a series of effective measures to gradually develop and expand, thus pacifying the south of the Yangtze River, unifying the south and laying a solid material and military foundation for the northern Yuan Dynasty. And Zhu Yuanzhang is also a real peasant emperor. The sixth generation in the genealogy is the red peasant. ...
Above, the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, natural disasters and man-made disasters continued, and class contradictions became increasingly acute. Faced with the threat of Huang taiji's leaving the border and the famine in the mainland, the Ming court was forced to reform the post office in order to save money and streamline its organization. However, there was a drought in Shaanxi, and people could not live, so they had to take risks. The peasant uprising broke out in northern Shaanxi at the end of Ming Dynasty. Poor land, backward production, severe taxes and years of famine led to peasant uprisings.
From 1627, Shaanxi Wanger Uprising, after Luoyang, Xiangyang, Chengdu, Shanhaiguan and other battles, to 1658, the insurgents fought against the Ming army 17 and the Qing army 14. However, due to the limitations and strategic mistakes of the peasant class, coupled with the crazy suppression after the Qing army entered the customs, the peasant uprising eventually failed.
The peasant war in the late Ming Dynasty dealt a heavy blow to the decadent forces of the Ming Dynasty and the arrogance of the Qing army. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, two million peasant revolutionary armies fought hard with the landlord class army in the vast areas of Yu Sheng, north and south of the Yellow River and up and down the Yangtze River. This war is the climax and summary of all previous peasant wars in the history of China.
Top, 1 Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
From the end of 1850 to the beginning of185/kloc-0, the leading group composed of Hong Xiuquan, Yang, Xiao Chaogui, Feng Yunshan, Wei Changhui and Shi Dakai launched an armed uprising against the Manchu court in Jintian Village, Guangxi, and later established the "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom", which was established in 1853.
1864 In August, Tianjing, the capital of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, was captured by Xiang Army, and Tianguifu Hong, the son of Hong Xiuquan, was captured. 1872, Li Wencai, the last unit of Taiping Army-the residual unit of Wing King Shi Dakai, was defeated in Qianzhong.
The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom lasted 14 years and reached the peak of the old peasant war. It is not only the first peasant war in China's history that rose in the south and spread throughout China, but also an unprecedented peasant war in world history. Moreover, it has new characteristics and levels in the new period, and it has also set many precedents for the peasant war in China.
In fact, in these peasant uprisings, it is often the well-educated aristocratic families who reap the real fruits of victory; It's sad that the peasant-led uprising either failed or made a wedding dress for others. Zhu Yuanzhang is the only one who can't understand where he learned the knowledge. ...