1. Name the slogan of the Westernization Movement and evaluate its position and role in the modernization process of China.

2. Briefly describe the signing of treaty of shimonoseki and its main contents, and explain the relationship between treaty of shimonoseki and the aggravation of national crisis in China.

[Detailed explanation of test sites]

I. Westernization Movement

1. Definition: The Westernization Movement is a "self-help" movement initiated by the Westernization School to establish modern industry by using western advanced production technology.

2. Time:19 from 1960s to 1990s.

3. Slogan: "Self-improvement" in the early stage; In the later period, it was "seeking wealth".

2. Evaluate the position and role of Westernization Movement in China's modernization process.

The Westernization Movement did not make China prosperous, but objectively stimulated the emergence and development of capitalism in China, opened the way for the modernization of capitalism in China and resisted the expansion of foreign economic forces.

Three. 1894- 1895 sino-Japanese war

1. Later: 1894. In July, the Japanese attacked China's troop carrier off the coast of Toyota. In August, the Qing army declared war on Japan and the war broke out. After the Battle of Pyongyang, the Japanese army occupied Pyongyang, and beiyang fleet was damaged in the Battle of the Yellow Sea. After the Battle of Liaodong, the Japanese invaded Liaodong, occupied Dalian and Lushun, and carried out a massacre in Lushun.

2. Nature and Result: The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 was a war of aggression launched by Japan and ended in China's defeat.

3. treaty of shimonoseki

1895, the Qing government appointed Li Hongzhang as the minister to hold peace talks with Japanese Prime Minister Ito Bowen in Shimonoseki, Japan, and was forced to sign the main contents of "China-Japan treaty of shimonoseki": the Qing government ceded Liaodong Peninsula, Taiwan Province Province and Penghu Islands to Japan, compensated Japan for its military expenditure of 200 million taels, opened Shashi, Chongqing, Suzhou and Hangzhou as commercial ports, and allowed Japan to set up factories at trading ports. The signing of treaty of shimonoseki greatly deepened the semi-colonization of China.

4. Why did the semi-colonization of China deepen after the signing of treaty of shimonoseki?

The contents of this treaty, such as the cession of land, compensation, four-port trade and the establishment of factories in China, have greatly damaged the territorial integrity and sovereignty of China and increased the burden on the Japanese people. In addition, after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, imperialism set off a frenzy of occupation, and the national crisis in China was unprecedented. In a word, it has greatly deepened the semi-colonization of China.

[Selected Test Questions]

I. Multiple choice questions

1. The main reason for the rise of the Westernization Movement is ()

A. the crisis of feudal rule in Qing dynasty B. the emergence of "reconciliation" between China and foreign countries

C. learning the influence of new western thoughts D. Westernization bureaucrats hold local real power

2. The purpose of the Westernization Movement organized by the Westernization School does not include ()

A. Resist the expansion of foreign economic forces B. Develop capitalism

C. using western technology to maintain the rule of the Qing dynasty D. suppressing the resistance struggle of the domestic people

3. The event that paved the way for modern capitalism in China was ().

A. the establishment of the prime minister's yamen B. the westernization movement C. the reform movement of 1898 D. the boxer movement

4. The reason why the Westernization Movement failed to achieve the goal of "learning from foreigners to control foreigners" is because ()

A. Emphasize military economy B. Don't build real capitalist enterprises.

C. did not touch the feudal system D. did not vigorously promote western ideology and culture

5. The westernization movement advocates the use of advanced western technology for the following purposes.

A. maintaining the rule of the Qing dynasty B. expelling foreign aggression

C. Develop capitalism in China D. Make China prosperous and catch up with the advanced world level.

6. In the Sino-Japanese War, the direct reason why the Qing government was forced to declare war on Japan was ()

A the Japanese navy attacked the Qing aircraft carrier near Akio Toyoda. Japan continues to send more troops to North Korea.

C. The Qing army expelled the Japanese army from Yashankou D. The Japanese army besieged Pyongyang.

7. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the Japanese army massacred China residents, and the place where the massacre was made was ().

A. Seoul B. Dalian C. Pyongyang D. Lushun

8. treaty of shimonoseki is one of the biggest obstacles to the development of national industry in China.

A. compensate Japan for its military expenditure of 200 million taels of silver. B. allow Japan to open factories at trading ports.

C. Open Changsha, Chongqing, Suzhou and Hangzhou to commercial ports D. Open up new inland river routes.

9. The treaty that greatly deepened the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in China is ().

A. Nanjing Classic B. Tianjin Treaty

C. "treaty of shimonoseki" D. "Xin Chou Treaty"

10. The Qing government allowed private factories to operate in ().

A. After the Westernization Movement B. After the Reform and Reform

C after the sino-Japanese war of 1894- 1895.

2. Material analysis problems

1, read the following materials.

"Set up new schools, train translators and military talents, set up translation halls, and send left-behind students abroad for further study."

Please answer:

[1]. What movement does the material represent?

[2]. Who is the leader of this movement?

[3]. What is the time and slogan of this movement?

[4]. How do we evaluate this movement?

Three. Questions and answers

1. There are different views on the historical role of the Westernization Movement, as follows: [1]. Mainly positive, but also negative; [2]. It is mainly negative, but it also has positive effects. Please explain the reasons according to your own understanding.

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I. Multiple choice questions

1、A 2、A 3、B 4、C 5、A 6、A 7、D 8、B 9、C 10

Second, the material analysis problem

1, [1], Westernization Movement.

[2] In the center, it is Li Hongzhang, Zeng Guofan, Zuo, Zhang Zhidong.

[3], time: 65438+1960s to1990s, with the slogan of "self-improvement" in the early stage and "seeking wealth" in the later stage.

[4] The Westernization Movement did not make China prosperous, but objectively stimulated the emergence and development of capitalism in China, opened the way for the modernization of capitalism in China, and also played a role in resisting the expansion of foreign economic forces.

Third, question and answer.

1, [1] Positive aspects: some modern western science and technology and advanced production tools were introduced, and a group of intellectuals and skilled workers who initially mastered modern science and technology were trained, which resisted the expansion of foreign economic forces to a certain extent and stimulated the early development of national capitalism.

[2] Negative aspects: organized by the Qing government, in order to maintain feudal rule, the military industry mainly suppressed the people's revolution, not for the country's strength, while the civilian industry solved the difficulties of the military industry, not for the society's wealth, and largely controlled and utilized, managed and operated corruption for foreigners.