First of all, let's take a look at the event that Zhang Fei left Pi. Liu Bei's entry into Xuzhou was the first great event in his life. Before that, Liu Beibing was only a thousand, and his position was just another Sima. But just as Liu Bei helped Tao Qian defend Xuzhou, it happened that Tao Qian died of illness and Liu Bei became a shepherd in Xuzhou.
That is to say, Liu Bei has the capital to gallop around the world from now on, and his reputation has also been gained. The location is here, Xuzhou. But at this critical moment, Zhang Fei, who was in charge of guarding Xiapi, was at odds with Cao Bao, a senior local warlord in Xuzhou, which led to collusion between Cao Bao and Lu Bu, and finally Xiapi fell and the whole of Xuzhou was lost.
Zhang Fei's intentions must be good. Liu Beichu entered Xuzhou to stabilize the morale of the army and unite the army and the people. But this Cao Bao, with the qualification of Xuzhou old general, didn't listen to Zhang Fei's command at all. Zhang Fei is angry. He wants to teach Cao a lesson. I don't know, Liu Bei usurped the role of master, and the most important thing is stability. Zhang Fei, on the other hand, was impulsive and angered Cao Bao, which eventually led to great disaster.
Liu Bei must be very angry. Hard-won territory was lost like this. The most irritating thing is that even his family was captured by Lu Bu. This man has lost a lot. Liu Bei remembered this lesson and saw Zhang Fei clearly, so that many years later, Liu Bei won Hanzhong. When considering the candidate of Hanzhong satrap, everyone thought that Zhang Fei was the most suitable, but Liu Bei unexpectedly chose Wei Yan. Perhaps at that moment, Liu Bei remembered that Zhang Fei had lost his revenge in Xuzhou.
Of course, Zhang Fei's defeat to Xuzhou can't be regarded as Liu Bei's fatal wound, and the pit is not the worst. Why do you say that?
The advantage of Xuzhou is that it is rich, near the sea, with many people and rich things, and it is easier to accumulate rations. However, the shortcomings are also obvious. Xuzhou is too small and the terrain is Ma Pingchuan, so it is easy to defend but difficult to attack. Sun Quan once wanted to occupy Xuzhou, and Lv Meng made the following conclusions about Xuzhou:
Xu Tu defended his army, but he had nothing to say, so he could be self-sufficient. However, the terrain is connected by land, and Xiao Qi is very developed. Supreme has Xuzhou today, and will come to war after ten days of exercise. Although there are 70,000 to 80,000 people guarding it, it is still worrying. It means Xuzhou is not worth attacking at all. Xuzhou is easy to attack but difficult to defend. You can send troops to conquer, but you should leave 70,000 to 80,000 people to defend. Once Cao Cao comes to compete for Xuzhou, even if so many people are put into defense, it is still very worrying. This is the characteristic of this land in Xuzhou, which is also a piece of meat in size, but it is not easy to hold it in your arms to protect it. Therefore, if you lose, you will lose, which will not have much influence on Liu Bei.
Besides, Guan Yu's loss of Jingzhou had a great impact, which directly led to Liu Bei's launching of the Yiling War and his death in Baidicheng. It can be said that Guan Yu lost Liu Bei in Jingzhou pit, and Liu Bei's reaction was the biggest. Why do you say that?
When Zhuge Liang visited the shanzhai, he told Liu Bei to take Jingzhou and Yizhou. When the world changed, a general was chosen to go north from Jingzhou, Liu Bei led the troops out of Hanzhong, and the two armies echoed each other from a distance, so the world would be settled. Guan Yu's loss of Jingzhou directly led to the annihilation of the whole army, leaving only Hanzhong's army. Unless Han Xin is reborn, Liu Bei will never be able to pacify the world. Later facts proved this point. Zhuge Liang was a genius, but he didn't leave Hanzhong and didn't occupy even an inch of Guanzhong territory. Do you think Liu Bei is angry?
Ironically, Guan Yu surrounded Xiangfan in order to help Liu Bei. What the hell is going on here? At that time, Liu Bei was engaged in a tug-of-war with Cao Cao in Hanzhong, and Cao Jun's supply line had to take a rugged plank road. Because of the lack of rations, a large number of soldiers fled and were unwilling to fight in Hanzhong. There is no way, Cao Jun began to retreat gradually.
At the same time, Sun Quan sent troops to Hefei, threatening Huainan, with a strength of about100000. In order to deal with Sun Quan, Cao Cao deployed a large number of troops to defend Hefei. In this case, everything is constrained, and the defenders in Luoyang, Xuchang and Xiangfan are insufficient. Guan Yu seized this rare opportunity, surrounded Xiangfan and trapped Coss.
Who knows that Sun Quan is too weak to capture a new town, and Cao Jun in Hanzhong also withdrew from Luoyang. In order to rescue Coss, Cao Cao sent many troops to Xiangfan, including the Forbidden City and the Seventh Army in Huang Xu, and finally tore a hole in Guan Yu's encirclement.
Later, at the suggestion of Lv Meng, Sun Quan decided to attack Jiangling and recapture Jingzhou, which belonged to him. Guan Yu will be miserable at this time. He was caught between Scylla and Charybdis. Finally defeated Maicheng and died in Linzhou. Jingzhou guarded by Guan Yu is located between Wei, Shu and Wu, and either side wants to monopolize Jingzhou. So it's actually good to keep Jingzhou, but Guan Yu thinks he can swallow Xiangfan in the north and defend Sun Quan in the east. A risky game of chess was played, but the final goal was not achieved. Jingzhou fell and lost his life.
Guan Yu lost to Liu Bei in Jingzhou Pit, which was the worst. From then on, Liu Bei had to live in Bashu like his ancestor Liu Bang. Therefore, Liu Beicai was eager to recapture Jingzhou with the slogan of revenge for Guan Yu, and the ultimate goal was actually to recapture Jingzhou, a battleground for military strategists.
Finally, it is controversial to say that Masu lost the street pavilion. Many people accuse Masu of being wrong. Actually, it's not that simple. Why do you say that?
It was Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition, when Ma Su lost its street pavilion. This time, Zhuge Liang took the longest time to prepare for the Northern Expedition, and he was also the most prepared. The result is the best effect. But Zhuge Liang's appetite is too big, which has caused the consequences of biting off more than one can chew. Why do you say that?
Zhuge Liang's strategic intention is this. Suddenly occupied Longxi with heavy troops, surrounded Qishan, then attacked Longyou, and finally sent troops to defend the Guanjie Pavilion on Liupanshan Mountain, consolidating the results near Longshan, and then entered the three-volt area of Guanzhong, arrived in Chang' an, and captured this Guanzhong.
Zhuge Liang proved to be a good move. At that time, everyone in Wei knew that after Liu Beixin's funeral, Shu had been busy pacifying the four southern counties, and it would never have occurred to him that Zhuge Liang would suddenly send troops to Longxi. As a result, Longxi troops were empty, Longxi fell, Qishan fell, and Longyou fell. In short, except Chang 'an and Sanfu areas, Guanzhong was basically ravaged by Zhuge Liang.
As a result, the pass of the street pavilion became a battleground for military strategists, so Zhang He led 50,000 troops to March in an emergency to compete for the street pavilion. At the same time, Zhuge Liang sent confidant Ma Su to guard the street pavilion. With Ma Su gone, Zhuge Liang had a replacement, so as to keep the main force of the army, we can't fight in vain.
Ma Su saw that the Shu army was a shoo-in, and Wei Jun was vulnerable. He turned to attack and stationed troops in the mountains in an attempt to destroy the invading Wei Jun. As a result, Wei Jun cut off the waterway and finally suffered a fiasco. Zhuge Liang was so angry that he almost killed Ma Su with a mouthful of salt water that he had to shed tears in front of the armed forces.
So is Masu really the only culprit in the lost street pavilion?
I don't think so. Zhuge Liang also has certain responsibilities. Why do you say that? The goal of the 100,000-strong army is to occupy such a big place as Longxi and Longyou, and to hold the street kiosks. The task is too arduous. In a word, Zhuge Liang's appetite is too great to have enough time to consolidate his achievements.
If Ma Su will guard the street pavilion according to Zhuge Liang's instructions, I think it may not be possible. Why? Jieting Pass is the entrance to the pass, and there are no four dangers outside the pass, so it is easy to defend but difficult to attack. There are four passes on Chencang Road, namely, the Big Three Pass, the Five Pass, the Tongguan Pass and the Small Pass, all of which are passes, and one person is forbidden to keep them. But the street pavilion is a small mouth, and more than 10,000 people in Ma Su may not be able to withstand Zhang He's 50,000 troops. Therefore, the key is not how to keep Ma Su, but whether Zhuge Liang can come to support in time. I don't think it's fair that Masu didn't hold on and became the only one who took the blame.
Masu's lost street pavilion is also of great significance. Zhuge Liang came closest to Hanzhong's dream only once, and finally fell short because of Ma Su's mistake. Since then, Zhuge Liang has tried many times to leave Hanzhong from other places, but all failed. Finally, Zhuge Liang was exhausted in Wuzhangyuan.
Finally, Guan Yu lost to Shu Hang. Originally, Zhuge Liang's strategic layout was the East-West Northern Expedition, but the fall of Jingzhou led to the basic extinction of the people's hearts, and Liu Beixing's dream of restoring the Han Dynasty also became a bubble. Secondly, Ma Su lost the street pavilion, which caused Zhuge Liang's only well-prepared military action to fall short. Since then, the Shu soldiers have no hope of passing through. Finally, Zhang Fei left Pi, which led to Liu Bei's first shot in life not being fired, and he began to live in exile. However, it is meaningless to lose Xuzhou, but it is too shameful!