Pinggu landform consists of two geomorphic units, namely, northern, eastern and southern mountains and central and southwestern plains, with mountains and semi-mountains accounting for four-sevenths and plains accounting for three-sevenths.

Pinggu has a long history. As early as 654.38 million years ago in the Paleolithic Age, people lived in front of the mountain. Six or seven thousand years ago, the ancestors of Pinggu created a splendid upper-class otaku culture on both sides of the _ River, which reflected the Zhoukoudian in the west of Beijing, filled the gap in the early Neolithic culture in Beijing, and was known as the "ancestor of Hongshan" in archaeology. The complete set of bronze ritual vessels and gold earrings unearthed from Shang tombs in Liu Jiahe, especially the discovery of iron-edged bronze cymbals (only three pieces were found in China), fully proved the wisdom and advanced farming civilization of Pinggu ancestors. Xuanyuantai, the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, has attracted wide attention from historians and archaeologists. It is located on a hill in the north of Shandong Zhuang Town, Pinggu. The symposium on Pinggu and Chinese civilization was held in August 2005, co-sponsored by China Yin Shang Culture Society, Beijing Archaeological Society, Beijing Institute of Cultural Relics and Pinggu District People's Government. Nearly 60 experts and scholars from both sides of the Taiwan Strait, South Korea and Japan attended the meeting. Scholars attending the meeting answered five questions and agreed that Xuanyuan Temple was indeed built in the Han Dynasty.