Haiyan was written in 190 1 March. /kloc-the industrial crisis that broke out in Europe in the 0/9th century quickly spread to Russia. During the crisis years from 1900 to 1903, more than 3,000 large and small enterprises in Russia closed down and more than 65,438+10,000 workers were dismissed.

The industrial crisis and the pain of unemployment did not force the workers' movement to stop or weaken it. On the contrary, workers began to turn from economic strikes to political strikes, to demonstrations, to put forward political demands for democracy and freedom, and to put forward the political slogan of "overthrowing the czar's autocracy", which made the workers' struggle more revolutionary.

At that time, the people's revolutionary movement was surging, and the reactionary czar government stepped up its suppression of the people. It was a time of fierce fighting between revolution and counter-revolution.

Gorky was in St. Petersburg at that time, personally experienced the majestic momentum of the workers' movement and the student movement, and witnessed the brutal crimes of the czar government in suppressing the student movement. In order to enthusiastically praise the pioneers of proletarian revolution, expose the reactionary government of the czar and attack the ugly faces of opportunists and bourgeois liberals, he wrote the prose poem Haiyan.