In the fifth year of Zheng Guang, the defenders of Woye Town broke the Six Han Baling Uprising. The soldiers and civilians in six towns responded one after another and set off a magnificent rebellion movement in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Later, under the double repression of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Liu Han Baling was defeated, and more than 200,000 soldiers and civilians in six towns were sent to Hebei, but the resettlement was not good. Under the leadership of Du Luozhou, Xian Yuxiu and Jung, the soldiers and civilians in six towns revolted again. After Jung's 200,000 rebel army conquered Hebei, the army went south and fought Er Zhurong in Jikou, and was defeated by Er Zhurong. In the process of the military and civilian uprising in Jin Ryu, Gao Huan and these two new civilian strongmen from Jin Ryu took advantage of this movement to enter the political arena, and finally replaced Wei Jian to establish the Eastern and Western Wei regimes.
General's star number: breaking the six Han Baling Er Zhurong Gao Jung's wonderful star number: political influence star number: comprehensive star number: 7★ War type: Jung's million-strong army was defeated by Er Zhurong's nearly 10,000-strong army, which proved that the decisive factor in winning or losing the war was not being outnumbered.
Depth analysis of war: Yinshan Chilechuan. The sky is like the sky, and the cage covers four fields.
The sky is wild, and the wind and grass are moving to see cattle and sheep.
Six Towns, a folk song in the Northern Dynasties, is a geographical and historical term that is easily forgotten.
When mentioning the famous peasant uprising in China, people always think of Chen Sheng, Guangwu, Zhang Jiao, Song Jiang and Li Zicheng. The Six Towns Uprising and its related dignitaries are often forgotten in the corner of history.
If you can travel through time and space, return to Serina Liu in 523 AD, and walk into a restaurant full of horse manure surrounded by cowhide, people in the restaurant will turn around and treat you as a stranger. There is no surprise, only murderous look, cold murderous look.
Among these faces, you said that you actually saw Gao Huan, Hou Jing, Du Fu, who were all-powerful and dominated an era in China history.
This is not surprising, because it was six towns in 523 AD.
Six towns, also known as Beizhen, are six military strongholds set up from west to east in the north of Pingcheng in the early Northern Wei Dynasty to attack and defend Rouran regime: Woye Town, Huai Shuo Town, Wuchuan Town, Fuming Town, Xuanrou Town and Huanghuai Town are located at the pass of Yinshan Mountain, forming a military defense line against Rouran regime, which is an important base for the Northern Wei Dynasty to attack or strategically defend Rouran regime. South of Liuzhen is Yin Shan Zhinan, which starts from Suiyuan in the east, passes through Daning, Dai Jun and Yinguan, and reaches Wuyuan and Yang Yang in the west. It was an important animal husbandry and agricultural area in the early Northern Wei Dynasty.
In the early Northern Wei Dynasty, Rouran was its main enemy. The Northern Wei Dynasty concentrated the main military forces in six towns, each with one general. The town will be served by outstanding military talents among Xianbei nobles, and most of the infantry guarding the town are the herdsmen of Tuoba League tribe and the children of powerful landlords in the Central Plains.
However, things have changed. With the unification of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Rouran's regime has been declining under the attack of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and it has been unable to pose a fatal threat to the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the military and political status of Liuzhen has begun to become lighter.
In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Emperor Xiaowen moved the capital to Chinese, and the Xianbei people who moved to Luoyang were changed to Luoyang people in Henan by Emperor Xiaowen's imperial edict, while the Xianbei people and other ethnic groups in the north, especially in Liuzhen area, were changed to northerners by Luoyang government.
During the Northern Wei Dynasty, the political and economic status of northerners and Luoyang people in Henan was very different.
Six towns began to become the chicken ribs of the Northern Wei Dynasty, which were tasteless to eat and could not be abandoned. The foot soldiers guarding the border changed from members of the early Tuoba Xianbei clan to exiles of various criminals and became Siberia of the Northern Wei government. The town generals, the Senate and the strongmen in the upper level of the rulers of the six towns also became northerners discriminated by the Luoyang government in the Northern Wei Dynasty. After Emperor Xiaowen's reform, no matter how many exploits the rulers of the six towns made, they were always excluded from the door and could not enter the high-level political stage of the Northern Wei government.
The Xianbei people in Liuzhen still maintain the original Xianbei language and customs, and they are the biggest nail house of the localization reform of Emperor Xiaowen in the Northern Wei Dynasty. They maintain cultural competition with Luoyang. The nobles in Luoyang look down on people in Jin Ryu, and people in Jin Ryu don't buy the accounts of Xianbei people who have been localized in Luoyang.
The contradiction between the old military households and the new ones, the contradiction between the military households and the rulers near the town, and the contradiction between the rulers near the town and the Luoyang government. In 523 AD, six towns suppressed too much anger and all kinds of contradictions were intertwined. Magma is rolling and rushing underground, and it may be ejected at any time.
It was still a soft egg who lit the fuse. In 523 AD, the Rouran regime in Saibei suffered from famine. Khan Anahuan, the Rouran regime, led 300,000 troops to invade the south and carried out a burning, killing and looting in six towns, plundering the wealth and food of all the people.
At this time, the northern Wei army is no longer the army that galloped in the desert, attacked the city and plundered the land, and made people feel frightened. For Rouran's invasion, Wei Ting also sent ministers to Li Chong and led hundreds of troops to fight back. But when he arrived in Jin Ryu, Rouran had fled, and Li Chong searched in the desert, but without Rouran, he returned in vain.
The rest is to properly handle the looted soldiers and civilians in six towns. In the Northern Wei government at this time, Emperor Xiaoming was old and young Hu Huanghou was in charge. Hu Taihou focused more on lovers and gods than on political affairs. On the issue of six towns, Wei Lan and other courtiers repeatedly suggested changing six towns into official households to ease the contradiction. Hu refused to accept it and just distributed some relief money.
Relief funds are a drop in the bucket, not to mention, after being deducted by officials at all levels, very few of them reach the hands of the soldiers and civilians in six towns.
In the face of famine, the long-suppressed anger of the soldiers and civilians in six towns broke out completely.
In April 523 AD, the soldiers and civilians in Huanghuai town rushed to the government, robbed the government granary and killed the town general Yu Jing.
The news that Huanghuai Town succeeded in grabbing grain reached the ears of the military and civilians in the other five towns, which triggered a domino effect. In April 524 AD, the Huns who were stationed in the area under the jurisdiction of Woye Town broke through the Six Han Tombs, rebelled with their brothers, killed the garrison commander with a knife, and declared an uprising.
The soldiers and civilians in six towns rose up one after another, and the tomb of the Six Han Dynasties was changed to Yuan Zhen Yuan, and officials were knighted, thus becoming the leader of the rebel army in six towns.
The rebel army that broke the Sixth Hall of Han Dynasty quickly occupied Woye town, while the rebel army led by Bieshuaiweike occupied Huai Shuo town alone.
The government of the Northern Wei Dynasty changed hands, with Yuan _, Shang Shuling and Shang Shuling as the viceroy of the Northern Expedition respectively, and led troops to the north to suppress the rebel army, but the confrontation with the rebel army failed again and again. In August 524, the chiefs of the two departments of Liuzhen were all attached to the rebel army, and the rebel army completely controlled the Liuzhen area.
Faced with the aggressive momentum of the rebel army, Wei Ting had to change the town into a country and a civilian household, and at the same time hired Rouran as a mercenary to suppress the people's uprising in six towns.
Six towns have always been a nail in the eye of Rouran people. Now people in the Northern Wei Dynasty paid Fermi to help them get rid of this nail. Of course, they are very happy. In April 525 AD, Rouran Khan led a hundred thousand troops into six towns, and marched from Wuchuan West to Woye to cooperate with Yuanyuan Wei Jun to attack the rebels in six towns.
Under attack from both sides, the insurgents were soon at a disadvantage, and Wei Ke died alone. Yuanyuan also divided Sheikh Schiller and weakened the rebel forces. In August, Rouran Army joined forces with Wei Jun and defeated the main rebel force in Wuyuan. The whereabouts of six Han tombs were unknown, and the rebels were forced to land in Wei.
The rebels who surrendered to Wei were forcibly moved to Hebei for dinner by the Northern Wei government. 206,000 soldiers and civilians left their homes and began to move. When I arrived in Hebei, I found that everything promised by the government was a lie, regardless of life or death. The desperate 206,000 soldiers and civilians revolted again.
First, Rouxuan town, Luozhou, set out in Yanzhou Valley, entered Guangning, where Yanzhou is located, and stationed troops in Hengzhou. Refugees from six towns came and went. Huai Shuo strongmen Gao Huan, Duan Rong and others also joined the insurgents. At that time, the rebel army was huge, and in June of the following year, it occupied all of Youzhou and Yanzhou.
At the same time as the Durozhou Uprising, the Six Towns Uprising led by Yu Xiu in Xi 'an broke out in Dingzhou. Later, Jung killed Xi 'an, gained the leadership of this army, and led the insurgents to win many battles. He even beheaded two northern governors of the Northern Wei Dynasty and took Hebei, Ding and Ying as his own.
Du and Ge joined forces and successfully killed Du Luozhou, becoming the only leader of Six Towns Rebels. All the States in Hebei were conquered, and then Jung quickly went south and pointed to Luoyang.
The Luoyang government in the Northern Wei Dynasty has been unable to confront this powerful army, and they can only count on Er Zhurong.
Er Zhurong is the chief of the Jules tribe, a branch of the Red Fox tribe in the Northern Wei Dynasty, with a territory of 300 miles in Xiurongchuan area. Er Zhurong's father, Er Zhuxin, was once a general in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Er Zhurong also had a good relationship with the Northern Wei Dynasty. He is the son-in-law of Wang Yuanzhen from Nan 'an, the imperial clan of Wei Dynasty, and his daughter is the concubine of the Emperor. Before he came to power in the Northern Wei Dynasty, he served as a senior official such as General Che Qi and Doctor Guang Lu.
With political status and economic strength, Er Zhurong did not forget to bring a gun. Unlike other nobles in the Northern Wei Dynasty, he only indulged in debauchery. He squandered all his wealth and organized a death squad of 4000 people. Although the number is small, he has become an elite trump card under his training.
The Six Towns People's Uprising, the Guanlong People's Uprising, the rise of strongmen, and the domestic disturbances in the Northern Wei Dynasty at that time caused a great upheaval.
Er Zhurong walked out of Xiurongchuan with his 4,000 talents and began his legendary journey. He attacked Rouran in the north and put down Xiurongchuan's rebellion one by one.
The Luoyang government of the Northern Wei Dynasty also saw Er Zhurong's brilliant achievements, and promoted Er Zhurong many times, from the top general and the general of Zhenbei to the general of Zhengdong and Youwei, and supervised the military affairs of Fen, Guang and Yun countries. Er Zhurong began to become an important official of the Northern Wei Dynasty.
In April 528, instigated by his lover, he killed his son, Yuan Zhaodi, who was only three years old. The news came out and shocked the world.
Er Zhurong led his troops into Luoyang under the pretext of rebellion.
In Luoyang, Er Zhurong made Yuan Ziyou emperor and carried out an unprecedented massacre. Not only Hu Taihou and Yuan Zhao were killed, 1300 senior officials of Hu and Han in the Northern Wei Dynasty were also sacrificed to heaven by Er Zhurong. After this robbery, the Northern Wei regime basically collapsed, and Er Zhurong completely mastered the state affairs, holding dozens of posts, such as serving as an envoy, a minister, supervising Chinese and foreign military affairs, and the king of Taiyuan.
After Erzhurong came to power, the first thing to deal with was Jung's million-strong army.
Although Jung rebels claim to have millions, there are only 200,000 soldiers who are married and have children. Er Zhurong has 70,000 elite riders, and his political ally Yuan Tianmu has 80,000. The disparity in strength between the two sides is not great.
In the face of Jung's successive victories, Er Zhurong didn't care. I didn't want to gather troops and fight for Luoyang, but I led seven thousand fighters and traveled day and night to attack the headquarters from the East Gate.
Everyone in the Northern Wei Dynasty gloated that Er Zhurong overreached himself, 7,000 to 1 million! Lian Rongge thinks that Er Zhurong is a moth, and he is suicidal. He told his men to prepare a rope to bind Er Zhurong.
Er Zhurong asked all his cavalry to change swords into sticks for the simple reason that beheading takes much longer than stunning a person.
At the mouth of the river, Jung laid a long array of dozens of miles, while Er Zhurong split his troops and ambushed in the valley, shouting everywhere, confusing the enemy with the main force and direction.
There was no main attack, and 7 thousand cavalry attacked together. Among them, the troops led by Zhu attacked from the rear and attacked from the front to the rear.
Seven thousand people actually defeated two hundred thousand Jung rebels, and Er Zhurong personally captured Jung, and two hundred thousand rebels were scattered.
After this battle, the uprising in six towns was basically put out.
But if you look at the performance of people in Six Towns on the historical stage of China after the Six Towns Uprising, you will know that the influence of Six Towns on the history of China is not just an uprising.
The fate of war figures goes to Gao Huan: Gao Huan, Han nationality in Huai Shuo town. His ancestor, Shu Gao, was a gentry in Hebei and was sent to six towns because he was found guilty. Gao Huan also has a Xianbei name He Liuhun and a rich Xianbei wife. After the Six Towns Uprising, Gao Huan went to the account of Durozhou and Jung, and soon to Erzhurong. After Jung's defeat, Gao Huan accepted the surrender of six towns and developed rapidly. In August of 53/kloc-0 and March of 532, Gao Huan led the troops mainly from six towns, defeated Jules twice in Guang 'an and Hanling, succeeded Jules in mastering the Northern Wei regime and established the Eastern Wei regime.
Yu Wentai: Yu Wentai is a Hun from Wuchuan Town. During the Six Towns Uprising, Yu Wentai participated in the uprisings of Xian Yuxiu and Jung. After putting down the rebellion, Yu Wentai became the general of Er Zhurong's subordinate He Bayue. Together with He Bayue, he put down Guan Long and became the most effective general under He Bayue. Later, He Bayue was killed by Hou, and the Ministry of Gao Huan took over He Bayue's army. Yu Wentai occupied Kanto, proclaimed himself the Emperor Yuanbao, and established the Western Wei regime, which turned the struggle for northern China into an infighting between Yu Wentai and Gao Huan in six towns.
Hou Jing: Hou Jing is from Huai Shuo Town. Gao Huan and I grew up wearing open-backed pants together. Hou Jing also took part in the initial Six Towns Uprising, and later joined Er Zhurong's men. He was brave and cunning, and was promoted to Dingzhou secretariat. After Gao Huan destroyed the Zhu family, Hou Jing became the most important general in Gao Huan by virtue of his childhood relationship with Gao Huan.
After Gao Huan's death, his son Gao Cheng tried to regain power in Hou Jing, and Hou Jing rebelled. At first, he wanted to vote for the Western Wei Dynasty, but the Western Wei Dynasty was on the verge of surrender. Finally, Hou Jing took refuge in Nan Liang Xiaoyan.
Hou Jing in the Southern Dynasties launched the Hou Jing Rebellion, which turned Nanliang upside down and directly led to its demise.
Eight pillars of the Western Wei Dynasty: At the beginning of the establishment of the Western Wei Dynasty, Yu Wentai was at a disadvantage compared with the Eastern Wei Dynasty. Yu Wentai established a government soldier system for this purpose, which was commanded by six generals. Yuan Xin and Yu Wentai, representatives of the royal family in Yuanshi County, were six generals, and they were also called the Eight Masters of the Western Wei Dynasty.
It is no exaggeration to say that the Eight Pillars State and its descendants dominated the fate of the Western Wei Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty. Among the eight great families, Zhu, Du, Zhao Gui and Hou all come from six towns.
From this perspective, the Six Towns Uprising in 523 AD was the most influential uprising in the history of China.
War conjecture: Six Towns Uprising was a concentrated outbreak of social contradictions and ethnic contradictions in the late Northern Wei Dynasty, which directly ruined the Northern Wei Dynasty. The main reason for the outbreak of the uprising was the reform of Emperor Xiaowen of Wei in the middle period. The sinicization reform of Emperor Xiaowen of Wei promoted the integration of all ethnic groups in northern Wuhu, paving the way for the unification and prosperity of Sui and Tang Dynasties. However, reform also comes at a price. Xianbei people gave up not only their own language, costumes and customs, but also the outbreak of Jiangshan and Jin Ryu Uprising, which was also the result of the political ills brought about by the cultural conflict between the old and new in the Northern Wei Dynasty and the implementation of the Wei and Jin dynasties.
Some people say that Emperor Xiaowen of Wei is a hero on the historical stage of China, while others say that he ruined the future of Xianbei people. In fact, both of them have certain basis and reason.