Zhang Ruifang was born in an old officer's family in Baoding, Hebei. His father, Zhang Ji, is the director of the artillery department of Baoding Army Military Academy. At the beginning of the Northern Expedition, he joined the National Revolutionary Army and served as the commander-in-chief of the artillery of the First Army of Lieutenant General. My mother joined the May 4th New Culture Movement and was a staunch old party member. My sister's participation in the revolution influenced her to embark on the revolutionary road when she was young. After graduating from high school, she was admitted to Beijing National Art Institute to study western painting. At that time, at the moment of national crisis, Japanese imperialism trampled on the motherland and North China was in danger. Zhang Ruifang, together with progressive students, launched the anti-Japanese national salvation movement, went out of the studio and used her brush as a dagger to draw posters and posters in the street, encouraging the public to resist Japan and save the country. Due to the high patriotic enthusiasm, Ruifang felt that a brush alone was not enough to express her feelings. She stepped onto the stage and performed Tian Han's famous drama "Death of Famous Brand" with famous actors such as Blue Horse. Although she plays a supporting role, she is very excited by the feeling of communicating directly with the audience. Every time she goes to the emotional place on the stage and hears thunderous applause from the audience, her heart is shocked: if only she were an excellent actress like Lan Ma!
Soon, the student anti-Japanese national salvation movement broke out one after another, and college students took to the streets to demonstrate against Japanese atrocities. The reactionary authorities sent a large number of military police to suppress it. In this critical situation, Zhang Ruifang and Cui Wei stood up together and performed the street drama "Put Down Your Whip" under the siege of the military police. Because the actors devoted themselves wholeheartedly, the dense audience was immersed in passionate patriotic enthusiasm, and even some policemen with a sense of justice were infected. Throwing stones at Japanese devils in the play. The play ran for more than a dozen times, and the audience didn't want to leave until dawn. Zhang Ruifang will never forget the scene of that day: acting is really mysterious, and revolutionary literature and art have great vitality! Once the play resonates with the audience, it will bring endless charm! "I want to act!" It is with this firm belief that she joined the Peking Student Battlefield Mobile Troupe under the leadership of the Party and embarked on the artistic road of fighting for it all her life. In the bonfire years, Zhang Ruifang, who became a professional actor, was closely connected with the pulse of the times. At that time, the so-called "mobile troupe" was active in the front line of resisting Japan and saving the nation, and actively performed anti-Japanese one-act dramas in East China, such as "Playing Devils", "Roaring in the Woods" and "The Night of July 28th". While creating and performing, he traveled all over the streets, villages, mining areas, factories, workers and peasants like a caravan. Zhang Ruifang not only honed his acting skills in Moved, but also received a profound patriotic education.
Zhang Ruifang, who just debuted, "moved" to Nanjing and played eldest sister-in-law Zhang in Chen Huangmei's "Playing Ghost". After being raped by Japanese devils in the play, she found her baby stabbed to death, which made her crazy. This play is difficult to perform, and the explosive power of feelings is always insufficient during rehearsal. After thinking about it, she found that the external stimulus of an ordinary woman's sudden madness was blood, so she had a clever idea. She filled a rubber ball with red ink mixed with sugar, and then stuffed it into the baby of the prop doll. While rehearsing the play, she struggled with the devil while gently pinching the baby. Isn't this the blood of your own flesh and blood? She screamed "crazy". This move is really clever. Stimulated by this kind of "blood", every time I perform formally, I am completely blind, screaming with grief, and immediately go crazy, achieving a strong artistic effect. Once, because I was too involved in acting, I lost control after going crazy, and even fell down when I ran off the stage, and I was still shaking when I was helped up. Almost at the same time, an audience suddenly fainted in front of the stage. It turned out that her family lived in Lugouqiao and had the same experience as Zhang Sao. The strong sound of * * * evoked her painful memories, and the audience was filled with grief and indignation. "Go and fight the devil!" Slogans resounded through the theater.
"Moved" to Chongqing, because it is the center of national progressive literature and art, many well-known writers and artists gathered around the office of the Eighth Route Army, represented by Comrade Zhou Enlai, and played a vanguard role in literature and art. Zhang Ruifang signed contracts with Roaring Theatre, Viva China Theatre and China Theatre Art Society, and was active in the drama stage, starring in dozens of plays. Flowers of Tang Di is her masterpiece in this period. This play is a metaphor for the present and has a strong sense of reality. Spring Valley, the housewife she plays, is simple and pure, conveying her yearning for a better life and her love for the motherland in poetic language. During the performance, it reached the grand occasion of watching Tang Di in an empty lane, and Zhou Enlai watched it six or seven times. Qu Yuan is her famous work. In the play, she plays Chan Juan, Jin Shan plays Qu Yuan, Bai Yang plays Nan Hou, and Shi Yu plays Song Yu, which makes her a "golden partner". The performance caused a sensation in the mountain city, and the abundant patriotic passion and full sense of hardship aroused the audience's anti-Japanese enthusiasm. When Qu Yuan was framed and wandered by the Miluo River, Shan Juan found a teacher to confront him with the sky. When Shan Juan risked his life and rushed into the temple to denounce Zhong Liang for framing him in the south, when Shan Juan exposed the plot of the south and drank the poison instead of Qu Yuan, "Down with Japanese imperialism!" Guo Moruo, the screenwriter of this play, was deeply moved by this scene. After the performance that night, he gave Zhang Ruifang a poem: "I fell into a beautiful place out of thin air, and the volume of my smile was vivid. Win the tears of thousands of children in Qian Qian, like a gentleman sleeping in the middle of the month. " Then, she starred in Su Fang in Cao Yu's Peking Man and Rui Jue in Ba Jin's Home, which aroused strong social repercussions and was praised as "four famous dramas" together with Bai Yang, Xiu Wenshu and Qin Yi. Zhang Ruifang became famous on the stage, but he loved movies. I was a movie fan when I was a student, but I was not fascinated by movies directed by Hollywood fan Sun Yu: The Road, Wild Roses, Gadgets and so on. Ruan, Wang and He in the film also starred in her. Next door to the school is the studio of a film company. After school, she watched movies through the fence. The studio changes like a peep show, from "slum" to "main street" and then to "villa garden" Once, she really saw Ruan filming in Haystack, playing a simple village woman in a blue coat and a square towel. Several times, she dreamed that she was filming on the set, playing Snow White for a while, a rich girl for a while, and a poor girl for a while. How amazing it is to make a movie and how wonderful it is to be a movie star, she often thinks so.
Unexpectedly, 10 years later, Zhang Ruifang's dream came true. Really became a star in Sun Yu's movies. Her film debut is The Baptism of Fire directed by Sun Yu. Playing the role of a Japanese puppet female spy, the first time she staged a villain on the screen made her curious. In the play, there are many identities to be changed. Instead of being a socialite of the upper class and indulging in partying, I pretend to be an honest cotton mill worker and ask for information everywhere. In the play, dressed as a refugee, she sneaked into the residential area of the arsenal and pretended to be hungry, which won the sympathy of the workers played by Wei Heling. They fell in love. Because she provided information, enemy planes bombed the arsenal. She witnessed the murder of her beloved neighbor's child. Finally, in the baptism of fire, she found her conscience and confided in Lao Wei. She was assassinated by the spy chief and died in Lao Wei's arms with a smile. She and Wei Heling cooperated for the second time. The first time was the drama "Country First", which played a father and daughter. This time, they played a pair of lovers. Interestingly, Lao Wei is very good at acting, but he often forgets his lines. The last time the relationship between father and daughter reached its climax, Lao Wei suddenly got stuck, and the sensitive Ruifang immediately made up words to fill it, which the audience didn't know. Just when he narrowly escaped, to his surprise, Lao Wei remembered that line again, turned around and acted clearly. Ruifang, on the other hand, was blindfolded, pretending to be calm and not showing any flaws. Fortunately, Lao Wei didn't forget her lines in front of the mirror this time, but Ruifang got stuck. As it was the first time filming, when she first arrived at the set, the makeup of the social butterfly took several hours, and the makeup artist performed tricks on her face, so she had to sit through it. When she got dressed and went to the shed to take pictures, there were a lot of onlookers that day, and lights came from all directions. She drummed in her heart and only heard Sun Yu say "Go", but she forgot her lines. It took five shots in a row before it passed. I filmed her climax: when I confessed to Lao Wei that I was a traitor, I wanted to cry at once, but she couldn't shed a tear. She couldn't bear to put some eye drops to squeeze her tears. I have tried this play several times, and I don't know whether I am anxious or wronged. I suddenly burst into tears. The director seized this opportunity and finally made the first scene of her life. After liberation, Zhang Ruifang joined the Shanghai Film Factory and played the image of workers, peasants and soldiers for the first time in the films "Fighting in the South and Fighting in the North" and "Three Years". When she accepted the role of Zhao Yumin, the guerrilla captain in "Fighting to the North", her heart was empty and she didn't know where to start. After all, she is too far away from her role. She advocated experiencing life at that time. She accompanied Feng Zhe, Tie Niu and other actors to Gaidu, Linyi and other old districts in Shandong Province, put on an old cloth shirt, carried luggage and lived with local villagers, and worked for more than eight months. She paired up with the director of the village women's Federation, went to every household every day to listen to the vivid story of each family delivering food to support the front line during the "Northern War", and carried a carbine with the militia and village cadres. Only in this way can she approach her role step by step and create a true and credible image of rural female cadres.
Then, in three years, she played Zhao Xiumei, a female worker in a cotton mill, and both films were well received. Premier Zhou Enlai warmly encouraged her: "I saw your plays" Fighting in the South and Fighting in the North "and" Three Years ". You play a farmer and a worker. They both look better. You must continue to work hard. "
Yes, good movies do have great vitality. Twenty years later, in the turmoil of 10, Zhang Ruifang, Zheng, Zhao Dan and others persecuted by the Gang of Four were branded as "monsters" and put into the isolation room of the juvenile detention center. One night, she was lying in bed thinking about her life experience. Suddenly, a familiar voice floated out of the window: "Don't be sad, folks." Isn't this a line that Zhao Yumin said to the villagers? After listening carefully, I realized that the "Northern War" was being shown in the venue not far away. The audience was crowded and applause kept ringing with the plot. Zhao Yumin's voice echoed in her ears, and she herself was deeply infected. Zhao Yumin can kill the enemy bravely in a cruel war, but can't he go through all the hardships in adversity? She finally succeeded.
It was unexpected for Zhang Ruifang to star in the film Mother, because she was only 30 years old at that time and always played a youthful role, which had nothing to do with this "mother" who had experienced ups and downs, but this film Ling Zifeng had a unique opinion: "So she was chosen because she also had a revolutionary mother, which was a rare opportunity to integrate her personal feelings into the role." Yes, Ruifang's "mother" always thinks of her own mother: during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, she fought bloody battles in Japanese-occupied areas, one eye was blinded by enemy bullets, and her son died in the front line of the enemy, and she didn't even know where she was buried. Facing the cruel war and the grief of losing her son, she never shed a tear. Isn't this the "mom" you want to show on the screen? After living in Tangshan mining area, Ruifang met two revolutionary mothers-Aunt Wang and Aunt Ma. Their life experiences and revolutionary deeds became the inexhaustible creative source of Ruifang, and finally established a vivid image of revolutionary mother on the screen. To describe Zhang Ruifang's acting career, we can't help but mention her representative works "March 8th Red River", "Nie Er" and "Li Shuangshuang". "March 8th River" is a documentary art film produced in the Great Leap Forward era, and it is a special type of film in a specific era. Based on a true story, it depicts an advanced woman who grew from an ordinary farmer to the chairman of the people's commune. Zhang Ruifang and Chen Shuzhen, the prototype of her life, appeared on the screen at the same time. In order to pursue the real artistic effect, Ruifang and Chen Shuzhen lived together for a period of time. They went down to the fields to fetch water and chat together. Not only do their voices and smiles blend together, but even the clothes they wear in the play are Chen Shuzhen's. At that time, Chen's mother refused to take out her daughter's clothes because they were too shabby, but Ruifang insisted on wearing them. "If you don't wear them, you are not Chen Shuzhen." Unforgettable, during the filming in Suxian, Anhui Province, President Liu Shaoqi met with the film crew and took photos with Zhang Ruifang and Chen Shuzhen. Ruifang pointed to Chen Shuzhen and said to Comrade Liu Shaoqi, "She is the real president, but I am a fake." Comrade Liu Shaoqi replied humorously: "We welcome lesbians to be leaders, at least there can be fewer mandatory orders." I'm glad everyone laughed.
Anyone who has seen Nie Er will be deeply impressed by Zheng Leidian, a young man with a red hat and shirt and a fire burning inside. This role was put forward by Zhang Ruifang to director Zheng, because after reading Nie Er's script, Zheng Leidian's thunderous personality and yearning for revolution hit it off with her own life experience, and her pure and passionate love with Nie Er deeply touched Ruifang's heart. This is the only cooperation between Ruifang and Zhao Dan (played by Nie Er). In the past, there were * * * bosom friends in the circle who shared the same ideal, but now they have become lovers in the play. Because of his skillful acting skills and deep understanding, he played "However, I felt the harmonious heartbeat of the sacred unicorn", especially the two scenes of "neither hot nor revolutionary" and "Farewell to Longhua Pagoda", which can be called cadenza movements. This film lived up to expectations and won the Biography Film Award at the12nd Karoway Farley International Film Festival.
Li Shuangshuang is a peak of the performing arts in Zhang Ruifang. She vividly portrayed Li Shuangshuang with superb acting skills. This comedy feature film revolves around the personality conflict between Hope (played by Zhong Xing) and Li Shuangshuang, and praises Li Shuangshuang's selfless ideological character. The jokes in the play are full of life, full of gimmicks and funny scenes. People are inspired by laughter. Premier Zhou also appreciated the film very much, specially invited Ruifang to his house to eat crabs, and praised her for acting a good film, which was not only good in ideological content, but also desirable in art. The film won the best film, best screenwriter, best heroine and best supporting actor in the second Hundred Flowers Award. July 2000 1 1, Zhang Ruifang went to sea! A nursing home with a beautiful name "Love Night Pavilion" officially opened in Shanghai. "Running a nursing home is not doing business. I want to have a warm home, so that we old people with the same hobbies and the same language can have the same home. " To this end, 82-year-old Zhang Ruifang took out his life savings, his only son in Australia also sent his savings, and his mother also sold her two-bedroom and one-bedroom house. Moved by her spirit, many people who know and don't know this cost 1000, and that cost several thousand yuan. Even the owners of decoration companies often pay for materials themselves. "Love Night Pavilion" is located in Changning District, Shanghai, with a building area of 1400 square meters.
At Hongqiao Road 1035, Aiwanting Nursing Home is a small courtyard embedded in a narrow and deep alley. In the courtyard under the sun, an old man was hitting Tai Ji Chuan leisurely. The small garden on the ground floor is covered with pebbles and covered with vines, which is dubbed as the "private lifelong back garden" for the old people. There is a restaurant, a chess room, a bar and a "family banquet" hall on the first floor. The second and third floors are two rooms and three rooms. If there is not a red emergency button beside the bed, it looks very close to the standard room of the hotel. "Stop and sit in the maple forest late, and the frost leaves are red in February." The name of Love Evening Pavilion comes from Du Mu's poems.
This nursing home, which covers an area of 1.500 square meters and has 20 rooms for 40 elderly people, now houses/kloc-0 elderly people, ranging in age from 93 to 73. In the earliest family photos of nursing homes, these old people with gray temples and good temperament are all smiling. "What the elderly lack now is often not material enjoyment. Although the house is big, people are boring. The purpose of opening this nursing home is to give old people with the same hobbies and the same language the same home, "Zhang Ruifang said.
"I didn't think about making money when I opened this nursing home. I just thought about how to serve the elderly, create characteristics and find out experiences." What moved Zhang Ruifang most was the joys and sorrows of the elderly in nursing homes. Zhang Ruifang said that compared with the traditional concept of "raising children to prevent old age", nursing homes are still a new thing, just like a mirror, reflecting many young "old brains" and old "new brains". Happy old people are all the same, and unhappy old people are unhappy in their own way.
Zhang Ruifang revealed that he and some directors are planning to write a script, so they will make interesting stories of these "comings and goings" old people in nursing homes into sitcoms, so that nursing homes can know more. "Don't seal it, shoot one episode at a time!"!
"Opening a nursing home has comforted my spirit. Nursing homes are a sunny cause and will also be a sunrise cause. Our old people's later years will be as prosperous as frost leaves. " Zhang Ruifang said. Zhang Ruifang's donations include various awards, letters of appointment, programs, delegates' cards attending Party congresses, NPC and CPPCC meetings, celebrity inscriptions, congratulatory letters and congratulatory messages. The most special thing is that there are some thick notes that Zhang Ruifang usually keeps, invited by 109.
There are many interesting stories hidden in those yellowed notebooks. Zhang Ruifang works very hard and takes notes carefully at almost every important meeting. How did she form this habit? It turned out that when she attended the National People's Congress after liberation, the main topic of the meeting was public-private partnership. She was very excited after listening to it. "But when Deng Jie () asked me about the meeting afterwards, I couldn't clearly convey the content of the meeting and said a lot of' very good, very wonderful'. Sister Deng smiled and said,' I heard what you said was an adjective, but I didn't hear the essence at all'. I was ashamed at the time and thought it would be nice to take notes! " Since then, Zhang Ruifang has developed the habit of taking notes. These notebooks almost got into trouble during the ten-year catastrophe. At that time, the rebels took a fancy to this pile of valuable "materials" and wanted to keep them for themselves. Fortunately, the Shanghai Film Troupe in Zhang Ruifang (at this time, Zhang Ruifang has been detained) resolutely refused to allow them to take their notes away, and specially sealed them up and set up special files, so these materials were well preserved. Speaking of this history that made many people pale, Zhang Ruifang was unmoved, except that he sometimes seemed a little angry, and more just laughed it off. At that time, at the cadre school, I had to fill in materials every day and write about what I had done in recent years. Zhang Ruifang turned over the history books and compared what China was doing when something important happened. She also wants to be close, and even the rebels lament that she has a good memory.
Zhang Ruifang also told the reporter an interesting story. She said: "When I go to cadre school, I want my family to send pajamas. My husband looked at home, but he couldn't find it. Finally, he had to give me a very old pajamas, which would break when pulled. I'm embarrassed to wear it. Ironically, the rebels also counted it as one of my charges, saying that I brought in the habits of the giants. "
When Zhang Ruifang came home, his wife advised her to burn the materials, saying that one of his friends had a fireplace that could be destroyed. Zhang Ruifang said yes, but when he saw Premier Zhou's personal letter, he was reluctant to go, saying that he would burn it when he finished it. This delay will be bottomless. When Zhang Ruifang tidied up the room, she remembered to get rid of these old things, but she was downtown, and burning too many things might cause a fire and pollute the air. So I want to go to my relatives' house in Xinzhuang every once in a while (her house has a yard), but it's a long way and I don't have time. Just then, there was a call from the Shanghai History Museum, which saved this pile of precious "historical witnesses" from the fire and helped Zhang Ruifang solve the "trouble". No wonder Zhang Ruifang, who couldn't bear to burn them in his heart, repeatedly said, "Finally found home, they finally found home!" Zhang Ruifang, 90, has two Mo Bao books presented by Guo Moruo on the west wall of her living room.
One is Lao Guo's "old work" inscribed on 1959: When the wind and thunder hit Yue Hua, people were more affectionate than Shan Juan. Looking back at Jialing River Road, Xiang Lei is accompanied by the tide. Xiang Lei in the poem refers to Qu Yuan. Biography of Yang Hanshi and Xiong: "Qin transferred Chu." Yan Shigu quoted Li Qi as saying: "If you don't die for sin, you will be tired ... Qu Yuan went to Hunan to die, so he was tired in Hunan." According to Zhang Ruifang's memory, the poem Thunderstorm was improvised by Lao Guo and all the cast members after the performance of Qu Yuan, the last drama in the northern suburb of Chongqing 1942. The phrase "looking back along the Jialing River" naturally "flashed back" time and space to Chongqing, the capital of Chongqing, 6 1 years ago. ...
1942 during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, Lao Guo was only 50 years old, rich and brilliant. After Flower of Tang Di with the theme of "advocating unity and opposing separatism", it became Qu Yuan, a historical drama with the theme of "uniting against the enemy" in one go. The China Drama Art Club headed by Yunwei Ying is the largest in the mountain city of Chongqing. Through the mouth of the characters in the play, the play poured out people's voices and severely criticized the passive anti-Japanese and active anti-fascist rule of the Kuomintang authorities, which caused great sensation in the mountain city. Even people from Guilin, Guiyang and Chengdu flocked to Chongqing to see the play, which was unprecedented. At that time, the media reported: "The attendance rate is unprecedented. The elite of this series, after many days of preparation and bleak management, can be called a swan song. " When performing Qu Yuan, Lao Guo often came to the theater to meet the audience, and enthusiastically wrote poems to encourage the actors, and also took out his own performance tax to invite all the cast members to dinner. Zhang Ruifang was only 24 years old. She devoted herself to the role and vividly performed "Chan Juan", which won the praise of thousands of audiences, including vice-chairmen Zhou Enlai and Lao Guo. At that time, Lao Guo specially wrote a book and praised the Seven Wonders, saying, "I fell out of thin air and my laughter was vivid." . Win the tears of thousands of children, like a gentleman sleeping in the middle of the month. On April 3rd to17th, the 30th anniversary of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), a play by Qu Yuan was staged at the Guotai Theatre in the capital15th. This is a gift for another Mo Bao on Guo Moruo's wall. Lao Guo 1963 congratulated Zhang Ruifang on his "flawless" performance of frankness, sincerity, purity and selflessness in the excellent rural comedy film Li Shuangshuang. The poem says: the air is flawless and magnificent, and the collective spirit depends on carrying forward. There are 300 million new sisters in China, and everyone is eager to learn from Li Shuangshuang. These two pieces of Mo Bao, iron-painted silver hooks and a running script that combines rigidity and softness are elegant in style, elegant and agile, and full of charm, especially the words are like people, poetic and picturesque. Zhang Ruifang lives on Huaihai Road, which is not the busiest street in Shanghai, but it is the busiest street. Zhang Ruifang used to and later lived in the most prosperous section of Huaihai Road, near Xiangyang Road. Although the house is small, after his wife died, Zhang Ruifang's house where he lived alone was quite deserted. Zhang Ruifang said that his son, as a chef in Australia, is very busy and doesn't have a few days off a year, especially holidays. Suddenly, Zhang Ruifang recalled what happened to his son in the era represented by this pile of donated goods.
"At that time, I was locked in and my husband lost his freedom of movement. My son can only be placed with relatives. He hides at home and reads books like a big girl every day. When I came out, his back bent like a shrimp. Come to think of it, I still feel guilty for not taking good care of him ... besides reading, he also likes cooking, and he is very talented and self-taught. After arriving in Australia, he really appreciated this craft, and now he has basically gained a foothold ... "Now that his son has gained a foothold, why doesn't Zhang Ruifang go to Australia to reunite with his son and enjoy his family? "I've been there, it's too cold and cheerless. When I got there, I was just an old lady in China, with no friends and no circle of my own. I don't like it. " Only the elderly can understand and appreciate their loneliness, which is one reason why Zhang Ruifang decided to run a nursing home.