Nietzsche was born into a family of priests in Marcus Annaeus Lucanus. He was withdrawn and sentimental since childhood, and his delicate body always made him feel inferior. Therefore, he has been pursuing a strong philosophy of life all his life to make up for his deep inferiority. Nietzsche's philosophy broke the logical order of philosophical evolution in the past and made a unique understanding based on his own inspiration. So his works are not as obscure as other philosophers, but beautiful and meaningful. Some people say that Nietzsche is not so much a philosopher as an essayist and poet. Nietzsche's influential masterpieces include The Science of Happiness, Zarathustra, Transcending Good and Evil, and The Will to Power.
Nietzsche once gave up any hope for women because he was frustrated in proposing to his lover, so he began to attack women desperately and praise himself at the same time. In his autobiography "Look at this Man", his boasting has reached the limit: "Why am I so smart?" "Why am I so wise?" "Why have I written so many good books?" , became the main chapter of this book.
Nietzsche further developed Schopenhauer's irrational tendency. He replaced Schopenhauer's will to live with the will to power, trying to turn Schopenhauer's negative and desperate pessimism into positive and optimistic activism. Its philosophical significance is mainly reflected in the criticism of rationalism and Christianity, the two pillars of western culture.
Nietzsche has brought unprecedented shock to western culture. After him, people will not pretend to be "rational" animals and "moral" animals as before. People's vanity, vulgarity, hypocrisy and mediocrity were mercilessly stripped off by Nietzsche, which made people feel ashamed. People have to face their own will to power-the most profound thing in human nature, which has been concealed and suppressed for a long time. Whether you strongly deny it or bravely affirm it, you will feel the inner tremor, which is the power of Nietzsche's philosophy.
Like Schopenhauer, Nietzsche's philosophy was not valued until after his death, and his will to power and superman philosophy had a great influence on German society and even the world. During World War I, two books were the most common backpacks of German soldiers who went to the front. One is the Bible, and the other is Zarathustra by Nietzsche. The influence of Nietzsche's power thought on Hitler is also well known. There is a motto that Hitler must abide by all his life: "Ignore the motto of the strong! Let them sigh! Take it! I beg you to accept it! " Nietzsche and Hitler were both arrogant people. The difference is that Nietzsche's madness is academic and only stays in words and phrases. Hitler was a practitioner, and he put the former idea into practice.
Looking for lost time.
Author: marcel proust
This is a stream-of-consciousness novel. In this novel, "Life is just a series of isolated moments. With memories and fantasies, many meanings emerge, then disappear and then reappear. " Jumping in the sea like a series of waves.
Memories of Time Past shows the new ideas and skills of literary creation with its unique artistic form. In the way of reminiscence, with the help of the potential consciousness beyond the concept of time and space, the novel reproduces the lost years alternately from time to time, from which it expresses the infinite nostalgia for old friends and the past and the melancholy that is hard to get rid of. Marcel proust was a great French writer at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century. Like Balzac, he occupies an extremely important position in the history of French and even world literature. Proust's writing skills not only broke through the traditional novel writing mode at that time, but also had a far-reaching impact on the emergence of various new novel schools in the future.
It not only reproduces the objective world, but also shows the narrator's subjective world and records the narrator's inner feelings about the objective world. Genius works that can stand the test of time are always super-era and super-genre in essence. Recalling the past gives us a concrete argument.