In the history of human society, the concept of human rights has a history of more than 200 years, but for a long period of time, the concept of human rights did not include women's rights [7-8]. As early as 179 1, Olympe de Gouges, the female leader of the French Revolution, published the Declaration of Women's Rights and Women's Civil Rights, or the Declaration of Women's Rights, the feminist movement had already begun. At the beginning of the Declaration on Women's Rights and Women's Civil Rights, it is clearly stated that "women are born free and enjoy equal rights with men." Two years later, the author of this manifesto was guillotined by her former male colleague. [9- 10]
In the French Declaration of Human Rights and Civil Rights and the American Declaration of Independence, the meaning of "human rights" is only the rights of men, excluding women. [1 1- 12] The feminist movement appeared under this background, which means women's human rights, pushes women's rights as human beings from the margin to the mainstream, and makes women's rights an important part of the whole human rights. [ 13- 14]
As a fashion of text criticism or discourse criticism, feminist criticism did not appear in the west until the political turmoil at the end of 1960. In fact, as early as the beginning of last century, Adeline Virginia Woolf, one of the enlighteners of contemporary feminist criticism, had noticed the lack of female voices in mainstream discourse. In fact, women in most literary works just say what male writers want them to say and do what male writers want them to do. Simone de beauvoir, a French feminist thinker, put forward the famous argument of "artificial woman" (that is, women are artificially constructed) in 1949, which gave birth to a group of feminist critics who began to pay attention to how the mass media "colluded" with patriarchy to construct a weak little woman. These discourse critics believe that the criticism of patriarchy is inseparable from the criticism of patriarchy discourse.
Feminism gradually transformed into an organized social movement in the19th century, because at that time, it was increasingly believed that women were treated unfairly in a male-centered society (see patriarchy). The feminist movement is rooted in western progressivism, especially the reform movement in19th century. The time for organizing the movement began at 1848. The first feminist congress was held in seneca Falls, new york.