During the period of 1904- 1905, in order to occupy northeast China and Korea, and then compete for hegemony in Asia and the whole Pacific region, Japan and Russia waged an imperialist war on the land in northeast China.

Japanese troops massed in Dalian.

After the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, Japanese militarism became more aggressive and frantically pursued its "mainland policy" of invading China and annexing North Korea. In this way, there is a sharp contradiction with the "Far East Policy" pursued by Russia to invade China, annex North Korea, monopolize Asia and dominate the Pacific Ocean. The treaty of shimonoseki stipulated that Liaodong Peninsula should be ceded to Japan, which aroused Russian dissatisfaction. In order to obtain an ice-free port and control the northeast of China, Russia joined forces with France and Germany to put pressure on Japan. Finally, China gave Japan 30 million taels of silver as "Liao ransom" to redeem Liaodong Peninsula, which is called "triple interference" in history. In this regard, Japan bears a grudge and waits for revenge. Shortly after the Japanese were forced to return to Liaoning, Russia seized the privilege of building the Middle East Railway and its branch lines in the northeast of China under the pretext of "returning Liaoning to meritorious service". Later, it forcibly leased Lushun and Dalian from the China municipal government. After 10 years of preparation, Japan's strength has greatly increased, and it is determined to make a comeback in the northeast and establish hegemony to replace Russia's position in the northeast.

Russian warships are in Lushun port.

1February 8, 904, the Japanese army launched a surprise attack on the Russian fleet in Lushun. 10, Japan and Russia formally declared war. After a series of fierce battles, the Russian army was defeated and retreated northward.

Russia's position in the Russian-Japanese war

At this time, Russia had no intention of fighting again because of the domestic revolution; Japan, exhausted by the war, is eager to end the war. The United States is worried that Japan is too powerful, so it mediates. 1On September 5th, 905, Japan and Russia signed the Portsmouth Peace Treaty in the United States, carrying China behind their backs and dividing the "sphere of influence" in the northeast of China without authorization. According to the treaty, Russia ceded the southern half of Sakhalin Island (south of 50 degrees north latitude) and all its nearby islands to Japan, and ceded the territorial lease rights of Lushun, Dalian and its nearby territories to Japan. Russia also recognizes North Korea as Japan's "protectorate". After the signing of the treaty, Japan and Russia immediately forced the Qing government to recognize it. From 1905 to 12, under the pressure of Japan, the Qing government signed the Treaty on the Conference of the Three Eastern Provinces of China and Japan, which not only accepted all the provisions in the Portsmouth Peace Treaty between Japan and Russia, but also gave Japan some additional rights and interests.

The Japanese shelled the 203 highland.

The Russo-Japanese War is an unjust war between imperialists, and it is a war in which the warring parties stand on opposite sides and invade China at the same time, re-divide the sphere of influence and compete for power. After the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War, Japan unexpectedly asked the Qing government to strictly observe its neutrality outside the three northeastern provinces, abandon the northeast battlefield, and watched Japan and Russia compete for the sphere of influence in China in China. The extremely corrupt Qing government agreed to declare "outside neutrality." During the Russo-Japanese War, factories and houses in Lushun were bombed, and even temples were not spared. Cattle were robbed, food was robbed, and hundreds of thousands of refugees were displaced. Both China and Russia forced the Japanese people to transport ammunition and labor for them. Many people died unjustly under the artillery fire of the invaders of the two countries, and even a large number of Japanese civilians were killed as "spies" by China and Russia. This war not only seriously violated China's territory and sovereignty, but also caused great losses and personal injuries to the people in Northeast China.

Nanman Railway Co., Ltd. (Dalian) was once the main command activity place of Japanese spies.

1On June 7th, 906, the Japanese Emperor ordered the establishment of "Nanman Railway Company" (hereinafter referred to as "Nanman Railway") in the northeast of China. It is a very special industry, with a huge organization that manages mines, ports, administrative districts, cultural and scientific research institutions and intelligence organizations outside the railway. "Pretending to run the railway, it secretly establishes various facilities. Japan also renamed the Liaodong Peninsula as "Kanto County", named the Japanese troops stationed in the northeast as "Kwantung Army" and established the colonial ruling institution "Kanto Governor's Office". The prime minister was in charge of the military and political affairs, supervised the "Manchuria Railway" and became the "brain" of the colonial rule of southeast China. Japan is ready for the long-term goal.

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