Prepare for the uprising
Li Wencheng, the main person in charge of Tianlijiao, is from hua county, Henan. He said, "As an orphan, I am a carpenter. People call me Carpenter Li Si. If I am ashamed of my achievements, I will give up and learn from the teacher. " . At that time, various religions and societies such as "Tiger Tail Whip", "Yihequan", "Red Brick Society" and "Tile Society" were secretly circulated in Shandong, Henan and other places, among which "gossip is the most important". After Li Wencheng joined the gossip, he was convinced by many people, pinned down by * * *, and there were tens of thousands of people in charge of the gossip. Li Wencheng "privately bought war horses, raised foot soldiers, cast armoured staff and issued banners" and "conspired against soldiers".
Lin Qing is another person in charge of religion in Tian Li. He lives in Daxing County, Shuntianfu. He once "retired as a scribe in Huangcun Village" and joined Ronghua Society in the 11th year of Jiaqing (1806). Lin Qing said, "If you sue for a loan, you need to give it to the countryside to eat more than 10 thousand." Lin Qing "lurked in a conspiracy, but lied that he had fallen into Venus", "There will be great events in the autumn moon next year" and "lied that he used a golden knife in his last life, so he changed his surname to Liu and became an Angolan, known as Liu Vacuum, also known as Liu Vacuum".
In the seventeenth year of Jiaqing (18 12), Lin Qing went to hua county to meet with him. "When Wencheng saw the Great Yue in Qing Dynasty, Fengqing became a cross, so gossip and nine palaces, Lin and Li * * * Zhang" agreed that "at noon on September 15th next year, an uprising will take place in Zhili, Shandong and Henan on the same day". Li Wencheng and Lin Qing made careful arrangements for the uprising, and stipulated the slogan of the uprising, "The name is' Feng Tian Bao' and the code word is' Win'"; The symbol of the uprising is a white flag with white cloth around the head and waist; It is also stipulated that Lin Qing should raise an event in Beijing and seize the city while launching an uprising.
There was a riot in huaxian county.
In the 18th year of Jiaqing (18 13), the news of preparing for the uprising in hua county was discovered by hua county magistrate. On the fifth day of September, he sent an official to arrest and put Niu in prison. During the trial, Li Wencheng was tortured and suffered a broken ankle. The hua county Rebel Army revolted in advance on the seventh day of September, "taking hua county", rescued the cattle from prison, killed the magistrate and inspected them. Li Wencheng "set up a feather tent" in Huaxian County Department, "built a big tree and wrote the words" Daming Shuntian Li Anla ".
After the rebels occupied Huaxian County, they seized the military stronghold and Yaodao Town near Huaxian County, and besieged Rongxian County, the main road to the north, with heavy troops. Encouraged by the riots in Huaxian County, "learned people in Changyuan County killed Weiyuan Village at the junction of Changyuan and Huaxian County, raided Zhao Lun, a magistrate who believed in Tianjin, and occupied Chunhengji. Not long after, two or three thousand Taoist priests in Shandong occupied the county seat and killed the county magistrate and canon history "; Catholics in Cao County, Shandong Province broke into the county government, killed the county magistrate, robbed the prison and opened the library.
When the Qing court learned that Tianjin had rioted in hua county, Dingtao and other places, it immediately ordered Wen, the governor of Zhili, to lead the army northward to defend with Seketong, the company commander of Hebei. Make Gao Qi, the governor of Henan, control Henan; Let the governor of Shandong tour the Shandong border with Xing to prevent Shandong and Henan from merging into one.
The bloody forbidden city.
Lin Qing has been preaching in Gyeonggi area for many years. In addition to farmers, urban poor and petty officials, there are eunuchs in the palace. Based on the information provided by religious eunuchs Liu Decai, Liu Jin, Gao Guangpu, Zhang Tai, Yan Jinxi and Wang Fulu, Lin Qing made a plan of "going straight to the Forbidden City" in the summer of 16th year. Lin Qing in Huangcun knew nothing about the early uprising in Huaxian County and the fact that the rebels failed to go north to Gyeonggi because of the interception of the Qing army. According to the original plan, on September 15th, 18th year of Jiaqing, 200 Christians were sent to sneak into the capital, lurking outside the East Gate and the West Gate respectively. East Road rushed into Donghuamen with the help of eunuchs Liu Decai and Liu Jin. West Road rushed into Xihuamen with the help of eunuchs Zhang Tai and Gao Guangzi. Eunuchs Wang Fulu and Yan Jinxi coordinated in the middle, while Lin Qing waited for the Henan Rebels in Huangcun.
The guards guarding Donghuamen found the situation abnormal and immediately closed the city gate. Only a dozen people rushed into the palace, and finally they were captured and killed because they were weak and unfamiliar with the path. At noon that day, all the rebels in West Road broke into Xihuamen. In order to prevent reinforcements from the Qing army, Xihua Gate was closed, and white flags were hung on the gate to "open the way to heaven" and "protect the harmony between the people and heaven". Eunuch, who was supposed to be in power, had a problem with Shangyijian (the unit that sews clothes), so he led the rebels to Wenyingtang of Shangyijian to vent their anger and finally came to Longzongmen. Longzongmen is the only way to Queen Palace of Gathered Elegance's residence. West Road rebels' fighting in the palace alarmed the guards, so they closed Longzongmen. The rebels hit the door with a stick first, and then shot in with an arrow, all to no avail. A few rebels climbed over the wall and entered. Prince Ning Min (later Daoguang Emperor) who studied in the study room. "Stop people on the house and underground with a shotgun". Just as the insurgents piled up tables, chairs and quilts and set fire to the door, the princes and ministers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs who stayed in Beijing led the troops into the Shenwumen, and transferred the Jianrui camp and the Firearms camp, which were prepared to be sent to Henan to suppress Li Wencheng, to the palace. Tired, the insurgents had to disperse from behind Longzongmen and retreat to Xihuamen.
3 1 rebels who broke into the Forbidden City were killed and 4 1 rebels were captured. On September 19, Lin Qing, who was waiting for the Henan Rebel Army in Huangcun, was captured by the Qing court.
Emperor Jiaqing was not in Beijing at that time and was on his way back to Beijing. When he heard about this change, he sent a letter to the guilty person, pointing out: "If we change for a while, disasters will accumulate. Nowadays, the big disadvantage lies in the words "cause, obedience, laziness and play", both at home and abroad. " As a result, what happened in the Han, Tang, Song and Ming Dynasties was even worse than the case of slamming the door next season. Considering this, I don't have the heart to say anything more. I will only go back to the province to repair the province, come to their senses, answer the favor and relieve the people's grievances. "
Battle of crossing the river.
After the Qing rulers suppressed Lin Qing's uprising, they sent troops to suppress the occupation of hua county and Daokou. Emperor Jiaqing transferred Yan Na, the governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, to the governor of Zhili to control the Qing army in Lu Yu; The generals of the Second Firearms Camp of the Qing Army, Jian Rui, Yang Fang and Fengtianbu, who suppressed the uprising, led their troops south.
In October of the 18th year of Jiaqing, Yang Yuchun led an army to the ferry and successively conquered Zhoutan Village, Lianzhuang, Luojiazhai and Dingluanji near the ferry. 1October 2 1 day, the insurgents ambushed in the central city and defeated the Qing army. "Yang Yuchun's godmother, Li Hongchun, and the head of the diplomatic mission, Ke Yu, both died." After this war, the insurgents retreated to the "unable to close" crossing.
Qing soldiers besieged the crossing in seven ways, shelled the city, and defeated thousands of rebels reinforced by Huaxian and Taoyuan. A few days later, the crossing city was broken and the rebels suffered heavy casualties. The houses in the city were "burned out" and "the corpses were full and the streets were full of houses". When the crossing fell, Huaxian lost its barrier. That Yancheng quickly transferred troops to Huaxian county and surrounded three city gates, only the north gate and the northwest gate were difficult to be surrounded because of insufficient troops. That Yancheng was afraid that the rebels would abandon Huaxian County, so he urged the imperial court to send more troops.
Battle of Sizhai.
Li Wencheng unilaterally believed that the failure of Anbaili rebellion was due to "there was nothing to hold on to". After the fall of Huaxian County, the rulers of Qing Dynasty were able to mobilize troops and crush rebel strongholds one by one.
After the Qing army conquered the ferry and took hua county directly, it led the Taoyuan Rebel Army to rescue hua county, entered the county at night and took it out of the city. Li Wencheng had realized that there was no way out for him to stick to hua county, so he transferred his troops to the west and seized the village in Huixian Mountain for 4,000 yuan. However, when Li Wencheng and others occupied Bosizhai, it was too late to protect it. Yang Fang, the general company commander of the Qing Dynasty, led his troops to chase it and said, "When we entered Bosizhai, the encirclement was very heavy." .
Sizhai "faces the river on the back of the mountain, with deep ditches and solid walls", with "300 private houses, masonry walls, towering vertically and horizontally, and more than 10 bunkers". On the morning of November 20th, the 18th year of Jiaqing, the Qing army launched an attack on Sizhai, and the rebels defended it according to the danger. Wyndell dichinson fought a hard battle, and "bodies piled up like mountains". In the afternoon, a corner of the village wall was destroyed and the Qing army broke into the village. The rebel army "threw stones in danger, and artillery fire started, causing many deaths and injuries to officials." Until nightfall, the fighting continued, and the company commander Yang Fang ordered the village to be burned down. "In a short time, smoke and flames covered the sky, and the thief's body blocked the road. Those who broke out in a fire and escaped with burning heads were bound by it. "
Li Wencheng, Liu Yuanming and others were trapped in a watchtower, Yang Fang "led people upstairs", Liu Yuanming "jumped out and killed several soldiers with a knife, loyalist stabbed them with a pike, and Yuan Ming died". When the Qing army rushed into the watchtower, Li Wencheng, whose legs were disabled, set himself on fire. When the fire was extinguished and the smoke was extinguished, the Qing army rushed into the watchtower, only to see "Li Wencheng wearing a clean towel, long hair raised, two strands of criminal injuries plastered, his arms burned, his shoulders burned, his left eye was injured, and his face was wounded by a gun. All the accounts were destroyed, except for the words' Daming Tianshun Li Anla', a fake book with a white flag. There are thousands of thieves in the village and no one can get rid of them. "
Qingyi Garden in Hua County has fallen.
Huaxian county was ruled by the old sliding state. "The city is solid and thick, with bricks outside, soil inside and sand in it. The artillery attacked it and stopped when it encountered sand. " The rebels "deliver rations and hold them for a year." After the Qing army conquered Sizhai, it "assembled Huaxian County and attacked day and night". The Qing army dug more than a dozen tunnels outside the city, all of which were discovered by the insurgents. "Either fill them with water or cut them off." Therefore, Yang Fangling "pretended to build another fence to attack, while the old tunnel was dug with solid gunpowder". On the tenth day of December, the Qing army retreated three miles away, and "the lightning in the southwest corner of the city shattered more than 20 feet". The insurgents were "burned to death and electrocuted" and street fighting continued at night. His wife Zhang "handsome (rate) soldiers night dao loyalist, three in three out, loyalist. When the city was broken, Niu and Xu Anguo suggested that Zhang "cheat the distressed women out of the city." Zhang said that "if the city dies or dies, the dead are not heroes", but they fought in the street and killed several people. Family members hanged themselves, and the young girl, who was twelve years old, also committed suicide. "
In this battle, twenty thousand rebels were killed and twenty thousand men, women and children were captured. Cattle and others were captured alive and presented as the capital. At this point, the three-month uprising in Tian Li failed.