Tongguang modern poetry school. These activities took place in the late Qing Dynasty and a period after the Revolution of 1911, represented by Chen, Shen and Zheng. Tongguang refers to the titles of Tongzhi and Guangxu in Qing Dynasty. In Shi Shi Yi Shi Hua, Chen Yan once called the poets and works who were not specialized in the prosperous Tang Dynasty "Tongguang", which was the name of this poetry school later. Poetics advocates that both Tang and Song Dynasties should be studied, with the emphasis on Song Dynasty. His works imitate Jiangxi poetry school, which is tortuous and obscure and difficult to learn. He writes more about his personal life experiences and scenery. After the death of the Qing Dynasty, most of them expressed the idea of restoration, which was the main school of poetry against Nanshe and the May 4th New Poetry.

Poetry Revolution: Poetry Reform Movement around the Reform Movement of 1898 (1898) in the late Qing Dynasty. Because formalism and revivalism enveloped the literary world at that time, poetry creation advocated Jiangxi poetry school represented by Huang Tingjian, which was seriously divorced from social reality. The bourgeois reformists, represented by Liang Qichao, realized the role of literature and tried to serve their reform movement with literature, and gradually developed it. As early as 1868, Huang Zunxian put forward the idea of "I write my mouth by hand" (miscellaneous poems), among which Xia Cengyou, Tan Sitong and Liang Qichao were revolutionary advocates. One or two years before the Reform Movement of 1898 (1896- 1897), they met and began to try "new poetry". They want to "pull new words" to express bourgeois reform ideas and serve the reform movement, but because they are divorced from tradition and the masses, their influence is not great. After the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898, Liang Qichao fled abroad, engaged in cultural propaganda and continued to promote literary improvement. He opened columns in Tsing Yi Daily, Xinmin Cong Daily, New Novels and other publications, published the works of Tan Sitong, Kang Youwei, Huang Zunxian, Qiu and others, and wrote his own poems in the ice room to explain his theory. The poetic revolution formed a new scale and momentum. Liang Qichao put forward that "the old style can contain new artistic conception" as the guiding principle of poetry creation, and asked to learn from the west. He believes that "what you get can last forever", which shows the advocates' understanding of the characteristics of poetry and their efforts to pursue new ideas and new things. Huang Zunxian not only pioneered the "poetic revolution" in theory and creative practice, but also praised his poetic achievements as a banner of "poetic revolution" by Liang Qichao. The revolution in the field of poetry has impacted the feudal literature of revivalism and formalism, and some poems have liberated the expressive force of poetry. However, the strong "old style" hindered the thorough reform of poetry. With the political decline of the reformists, the banner of the poetic revolution has gradually been put away.

Nanshe is a famous progressive literary group established under the influence of the League in the late Qing Dynasty. Initiated by, Gao Xu and Liu Yazi, it was established in Suzhou on 1909. The name of the society means "speaking in the south without forgetting its past", and the slogan is to advocate national integrity, oppose the autocratic rule of the Qing Dynasty and advocate bourgeois democratic revolution. Its activity center is in Shanghai. Most of the early participants were members of the League, such as Huang Xing and Song, and most of them belonged to the emerging bourgeoisie and petty bourgeoisie intellectuals. Since then, there have been more than a thousand members, and the political outlook has become increasingly complicated. After the Revolution of 1911, the members have been divided, or participated in the struggle against Yuan Shikai and joined the new-democratic revolution; Or take refuge in the northern warlords and oppose the new-democratic revolution. 1923 stopped its activity due to internal differentiation. As a literary group, Nanshe opposed formalism and archaism prevailing in the poetry style of "Tongguang" at that time, and advocated using literature to advocate revolution, stimulate people's fighting spirit and serve "rotating the world and carrying forward national glory". Most of the works praise national heroes and heroes. Liu Yazi and, Gao Xu and Su are its representatives. Due to the complexity of members, some poems are sad and decadent. The poems and songs written by the members have been published in 22 episodes of Nanshe Congke.

Modern ancient prose Xiangxiang School. Zeng Guofan is a representative figure. Zeng Guofan is a native of Xiangxiang, Hunan Province, and is named after his name. Xiangxiang School inherited and developed the ancient prose of Tongcheng School in Qing Dynasty, and expanded the influence of Tongcheng School. In addition to the righteousness, textual research and rhetoric advertised by Tongcheng School, the article also adds "economy" to make the content of the article more oriented to social reality. There are few taboos in writing, which are odd and flexible, but more is to promote feudal morality and become a tool to maintain feudal rule.

Xuannan Poetry Society is also called Cold Relief Poetry Society and Xuannan Poetry Society. Literary societies in jiaqing daoguang period. In Beijing, most of the members are scholars from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian and Jiangxi. The first marriage was in the ninth year of Jiaqing (1804), which existed in name only during the Opium War. In the 25th year of Jiaqing (1820), Lin Zexu participated in the activity.

Others are:

Charm theory, model theory, muscle theory, spiritualism.

Keywords Zhexi Ci School, Tongcheng School, Yanghu School, New Youth Society, Xinchao Society,

Young chinese Society, Literature Research Society, Creation Society, Crescent Society, Crescent School, Hubin Poetry Society, Mandarin Duck and Butterfly School, Unnamed Society, Jiayin School, School, Criticism School, Silk Society, Asakusa House, Third Person, Current Affairs Critics, Society, Sun Society, Chaohua Society, China Left-wing Writers' League, China Poetry Society, and All-China Anti-Enemy Association of Literary and Art Circles. . . .

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