Author: Sanren 1 103 published in China Historical Iron and Blood Forum/BBS _ 73.html.

When studying history, we only pay attention to the word "seeking truth from facts". I'm not unconventional. I just combine the existing historical materials to study the figures or cases in the Qing Dynasty that I am interested in. Welcome netizens to put forward your opinions. After all, the truth is becoming more and more obvious. I only hope that if some netizens can't speak openly, please keep silent openly; Irrational remarks can only prove the correctness of my research.

Wu Sangui, did he take refuge in the Qing Dynasty? In fact, Wu Sangui accepted the official position of the Qing Dynasty and personally killed the emperor Li Yong. Was he premeditated? Obviously, judging from the available information, no, judging from the situation at that time, there were four major forces in the world at that time, namely Li Zicheng, Wu Sangui, Qing and Nan Ming, among which Wu Sangui was the least powerful and the most dangerous, sandwiched between Li Zicheng and Qing. There are only three ways to go in Wu Sangui: 1. Surrender to Li Zicheng; 2. Jiangnan, Du Nan, participated in the Nanming regime; 3. Unite the Qing Dynasty against Li Zicheng. First, because Li Zicheng foolishly detained Wu Sangui's father and kidnapped his lover, Wu Sangui could not take refuge in Li Zicheng. Let's get out of trouble here. Because of our education and many examples of celebrities who ruined their homes for the country in history, we mistakenly think that the ancients were "selfless dedication" to the country, but I want to say that it is an illusion. In the era of home, the family is supreme, and the home country, home country and home are above the country. Even Wen Tianxiang, who gave his life for justice and vowed not to drop Yuan, privately persuaded or ordered his younger brother to "be an official and accept Yuan" to preserve his possessions. Don't say it's Wen Tianxiang's fault to persuade or not, but it's my brother's fault to listen or not. In this case, in the era of extremely developed feudal ethics, there are only two kinds of people who never listen to their parents and brothers and go their own way, celebrities and ordinary people who are spurned for life. Please don't forget that while we praise "celebrities", there are thousands of Qian Qian "rebels" at their feet. Therefore, those who accuse Wu Sangui of not taking refuge in Li Zicheng, who is also a Han Chinese, are self-righteous and ignorant people, and use today's sword to cut down former people. ) We are looking at the second way, taking refuge in the Nanming regime. If Wu Sangui's strength is enough to defeat Li Zicheng's hundreds of thousands of troops with hundreds of civilians and military families and reach Nanking smoothly, I think Wu Sangui might as well defeat Li Zicheng directly. So only the third way makes sense. That is to unite the Qing Dynasty against Li Zicheng. At first, Wu Sangui did not think of taking refuge in the Qing Dynasty, but thought of practicing.

Wu Sangui participated in many anti-Qing struggles during his tenure as the company commander in Ningyuan, Liaodong. After the Jin Song Conference in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Ming army was losing ground and many generals were forced to surrender to the Qing Dynasty. But Wu Sangui's attitude remains firm. When the Ming Dynasty sent a letter to surrender, Wu Sangui was always "disobedient". Frankly speaking, Wu Sangui was the most determined and outstanding frontier general of Ming Dynasty in the post-Yuan Chonghuan era.

Moreover, Wu Sangui's letters in the process of consulting with Dourgen about the allied forces can also prove that Wu Sangui did not voluntarily surrender to the Qing Dynasty. "China has been in contact with the Northern Dynasties (Qing Dynasty) for more than 200 years. Today, it has become a national disaster for no reason. The Northern Dynasties should mourn for it ... choose the best soldiers quickly, and Sangui will lead the best soldiers themselves, and work together to reach the capital, wipe out the bandits of the imperial court, and be righteous with China. Then report it to the Northern Dynasties and reward it. " Wu Sangui only said in his letter that he would cede the land as a reward, but did not say that he would surrender.

After Shanhaiguan World War I, Wu Sangui's troops consumed a lot. Dourgen took control of Wu Sangui. He gave Wu Sangui ten thousand banners and appointed Wu Sangui as the "King of the Day". Wu Sangui can't and dare not refuse Dourgen's kindness, but Wu Sangui didn't say that he was as servile as other Han officials who took refuge in the Qing Dynasty. It should be said that he resisted within his power. After the victory of Shanhaiguan World War I, the Qing and Wu allied forces pursued Li Zicheng, and Wu Sangui "spread it far and wide", and put forward slogans such as "Zhou's life has not changed, Hande can be kind" and "Let's see if Chixian County is still the right place for Zhu Family". If Wu Sangui really took refuge in the Qing Dynasty, he wouldn't dare to mention these slogans. If Wu Sangui was regarded as a vassal of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing court could not agree to Wu Sangui's campaign.

After Li Zicheng's defeat in Yongping, Wu Sangui "invited the Prince to make peace" and put forward that "I will return to the army and leave Beijing quickly, and I will serve the Prince as the throne", and "I will send people to Beijing and say that the soldiers will enter the city a few days later, and my subjects will mourn for my late emperor and prepare for the East Palace". It can be seen from these that Wu Sangui still regards himself as Zhu and does not consider himself an official of the Qing court. However, it was later calculated by Dourgen to "make (Wu Sangui) go west to chase thieves", and Wu Sangui did not dare to compete with the Qing army, which led to a series of subsequent events. If Nan makes great efforts to win two battles north of the Yellow River, won't Wu Cansangui be tempted? Unfortunately, Nan Ming was so disappointing that Wu Sangui had to take refuge in the Qing court.

However, Wu Sangui did not submit to the Qing Dynasty in his heart. When he was the king of Pingxi, Yunnan, he "nurtured the world, recruited wizards from Jingchu", saved the vassals and trained soldiers. He really rose up against the Qing Dynasty.