1 949 65438+1October13 pm, founding ceremony was held in Tiananmen Square. President Mao Zedong solemnly declared to the world with a loud voice: "The Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) was established today." Then Chairman Mao pressed the flag-raising button, and with the raising of the five-star red flag, march of the volunteers sounded as the national anthem in Tiananmen Square for the first time.
In the "Xinhua Mail Box" about the national flag, national anthem and year number published in People's Daily on June 5 1949 and 165438, march of the volunteers was adopted as the national anthem as follows: March of the Volunteers is the most popular song in the revolutionary struggle of China people for more than ten years, which has historical significance. March of the Volunteers was adopted as the current National Anthem of the People's Republic of China without modification in order to arouse people's memories of the hardships and hardships in the process of founding the motherland, inspire people to carry forward their patriotic enthusiasm against imperialist aggression and carry the revolution to the end. This is the same as the Soviet people used the Internationale as the national anthem for a long time, and the French people still use the Marseillaise as the national anthem today. "
After several ups and downs, the constitution (amendment) adopted at the Second Session of the Tenth National People's Congress formally endowed the national anthem with constitutional status.
March of the Volunteers sang as the national anthem for 17 years. During the ten-year turmoil, Tian Han was persecuted by the Gang of Four, and the lyrics could no longer be sung, so he could only play the music of the national anthem on formal occasions.
After the downfall of the Gang of Four, some people proposed to rewrite the lyrics of the national anthem on the grounds that "the country has entered a new historical period and March of the Volunteers's lyrics cannot reflect the changed reality". 1978 in March, the first session of the Fifth National People's Congress set up a national anthem collection group, which was submitted by a composer to the delegates for discussion. Finally, the new national anthem lyrics were passed by a show of hands. The author of the national anthem marked it as "Nie Er Qu, collective lyrics".
There have been different opinions on the lyrics of the new national anthem. One view is that the new lyrics are magnificent, highly generalized, politically strong, and have exciting contents such as "Towards the tomorrow of capitalism". At the same time, many comrades think that the content and rhythm of the new lyrics have not been carefully scrutinized. Literally, the lyrics are peaceful, lacking passion and image, and only a few slogans are pieced together. From the prosody point of view, the new lyrics are not as flat and even as the original lyrics, and there is a sense of patchwork.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Party led the people of the whole country to comprehensively clean up the mistakes in the Cultural Revolution, thoroughly summed up the historical experience since the founding of the People's Republic of China, restored and formulated a series of correct principles and policies according to the new situation, and the country entered a new era, and the work of systematically amending the 1978 Constitution was put on the agenda. During this period, the party and the state corrected a large number of unjust, false and wrong cases caused by the "Cultural Revolution". Tian Han, the original author of the national anthem lyrics, was rehabilitated. From 1980 to 1982, the Constitutional Amendment Committee received a lot of opinions from all sides, holding that march of the volunteers embodies the revolutionary tradition of the people of China, embodies the thought of being prepared for danger in times of peace, and inspires the patriotism of the people of China for many years; It is suggested to abolish the lyrics of the national anthem adopted by 1978 and restore march of the volunteers decided by 1949 at the first CPPCC meeting. At the same time, it is suggested that, like the first session of China People's Political Consultative Conference, a resolution be made to finalize the national anthem. The Constitutional Amendment Committee unanimously agreed to restore 1949 March of the Volunteers, which was decided by the first session of China People's Political Consultative Conference, to the national anthem.
19821978 On February 4th, the Fifth Session of the Fifth National People's Congress solemnly adopted the current Constitution, and decided to restore March of the Volunteers as the national anthem of China, revoking the decision on the national anthem of China adopted at the first session of the First National People's Congress on March 5th.
In April and August, 2003, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China twice sent notices to the party committees of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions of central and state organs, and leading bodies of people's organizations, soliciting opinions on amending some contents of the Constitution. Comrades in Anhui, Shandong, Hainan, Jiangsu, Shaanxi and other provinces and cities and the General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army have all proposed that the national anthem is a national symbol and it is suggested that it be clearly stipulated in the Constitution. The CPC Central Committee adopted the proposal of writing the national anthem into the Constitution. In the Proposal of the Central Committee on Amending Part of the Constitution adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee in June, 2003, March of the Volunteers, the national anthem of China, was written into the Constitution and submitted to the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) for discussion as an amendment proposal. After deliberation and approval by all the deputies at the Second Session of the Tenth National People's Congress, the constitutional amendment formally gave the national anthem constitutional status.
For China people, the March of the Volunteers can arouse strong inner feelings. The chorus of this national anthem by people of all ethnic groups in China will constantly inspire the spirit of loving the motherland, loving the people, courageously advancing and constantly striving for self-improvement, increase the cohesion and pride of the country and the nation, and work hard for the peaceful rise of the Chinese nation.
China National Day military parade.