For permanent residents, time standards and space standards must be stipulated. The Measures for the Sixth National Population Census stipulates: "The census targets refer to natural persons who are in People's Republic of China (PRC) and China citizens who are outside People's Republic of China (PRC) but have not settled, excluding foreigners who have stayed in People's Republic of China (PRC) for a short time. The census adopts the principle of registration according to the current residence. Everyone must register at their current place of residence. If the census object does not live in the place where the household registration is located, the corresponding information shall be registered at the place where the household registration is located. "
The following five types of people belong to the permanent population: 1, people who live in their own townships, towns and streets and have registered permanent residence in their own townships, towns and streets; 2. Persons who have lived in their hometown, town or street for more than half a year and whose permanent residence is outside their hometown, town or street; 3 people who have lived in their hometown, town or street for less than half a year, but have left their permanent residence for more than half a year; 4. People living in their townships, towns and streets at the time of the census, with permanent residence to be determined; 5. Persons who originally lived in their hometown, town or street at the time of the census, worked or studied abroad, and temporarily had no fixed residence. The time standard for permanent residents is "half a year", in which half a year refers to continuous half a year; The spatial standard is "township, town and street", which refers to the geographical area that townships, towns and streets are responsible for after the census of geographical divisions. In the previous four censuses of 1953, 1964, 1982 and 1990, these two standards were relaxed. First, the time is one year, and second, the space is a county (city, district). The fifth and sixth population censuses in 2000 and 20 10 shortened the time and space of permanent residents.
Relationship between permanent population and registered population: permanent population = registered population-net outflow population+registered population to be determined. Net outflow population = local population who has been away for more than half a year-foreign population who has left the domicile for more than half a year.
The functions of adopting permanent residents are: 1, which objectively reflects the social activity attributes of the population and better combines the population with the economy and society. 2. It has strong maneuverability and can realize the statistics of population regional activities. This is an international practice and can be in line with world statistics. 4. Breaking the hukou attribute is conducive to breaking the dual management mode of urban and rural areas, promoting population mobility and promoting economic development. 5, objectively reflect the development trend of urban population expansion and rural population reduction, and reflect the characteristics of social openness. 6. It is an important basis for calculating indicators such as urbanization level, per capita GDP and per capita net income of farmers.
The advantages of adopting registered population are:1; The public security department has ready-made registration data, which is easy to summarize and saves people and property; 2. It can lock the household registration attribute of the population, which is convenient for the classified management of urban and rural population and the implementation of policies, such as paying off the wages of migrant workers at present; 3. It can effectively reflect the benefits of farmers going out to work and do business to increase farmers' income.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the country has strengthened the household registration management. The main reasons for the population and social changes are: geographical changes, job transfer, marriage, service, further education, border support, educated youth going to the countryside and national construction immigrants. The population of Shaoyang City is 1.949- 1.950, with little social change. In 52-60 years, urban economic construction accelerated, and population and social changes showed a sustained growth trend. In 1958, the city expanded to the suburbs, including the surrounding counties 1.850 people, and in 1964/-0. In which: 1962, the city contracted the suburbs, and 100500 people were set aside. Sixty-five years later, the state developed the "third-line construction" of China, and successively relocated and built a number of large and medium-sized state-owned industrial enterprises from large and medium-sized cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Zhengzhou. Although the educated youth went to the countryside in the same period, the urban population still increased significantly, with a net increase of 29 143//972. The social growth rate is as high as 158.7‰, 46.7‰ and 1978 respectively. Shaoyang city expanded its suburbs for the second time, including 158300 people. From 65438 to 0979, the educated youth from the countryside returned to the city, and the urban society increased by 9593, with a social growth rate of 25.6‰. In the 1980s and 1990s, with the development of commodity economy, the urban population and social changes still showed an increasing trend. 2/kloc-0 Since the beginning of the century, a large number of rural youths in our city have flowed into Guangdong and other places to work, and the permanent population is far smaller than the registered population.
Because floating population and registered population are the basis of calculating permanent population, it is necessary to accurately count floating population and registered population.
Floating population includes inflow population and outflow population.
In view of the above problems, the following measures should be taken: 1, and the publicity scope and intensity should be increased. In addition to making full use of newspapers, television, radio, internet and other news media to carry out all-round and multi-level publicity reports, governments at all levels should also publicize the purpose and significance of the census through seminars and networking activities, eliminate all kinds of misunderstandings, and encourage everyone to participate in and support the census. The personnel of township community census institutions went deep into the front line of construction, made zero-distance contact with the construction workers, distributed publicity materials and hung slogans, so that they realized that construction was a contribution to the local area and participation in the census was a contribution to the local area. 2. Strengthen cross-sectoral cooperation. Census is an important government action and a great social mobilization in peacetime. It needs the unified command and coordinated operation of the government, and all relevant departments should perform their duties, cooperate closely and cooperate with each other in accordance with the division of responsibilities of member units. Give full play to the functions of public security, family planning, construction, transportation, civil affairs, industry and commerce departments, and do a good job in the inventory of floating population. 3. Make a careful work plan. First, the Municipal Public Security Bureau should formulate a perfect management plan for household registration, floating population inventory and temporary population registration, and urge and guide subordinate units to cooperate with local census institutions to do a good job. Second, each project department and construction unit shall truthfully provide information such as building area and roster of construction personnel. Third, according to the data of floating population, rationally divide the census areas, carry out pilot projects and accumulate experience. Fourth, strengthen the construction of census enumerators and census instructors, and formulate a sound training plan. The "two members" are required to be enthusiastic, patient and careful.
The difficulties and problems encountered by the floating population in the process of investigation and registration are: 1, and the floating population is highly mobile. 2. It's difficult to investigate outdoors. The leaders didn't pay enough attention to it. 4. "two members" are difficult to adjust. The out-of-town population survey has a wide range, heavy workload and high difficulty. Now township (street) statisticians are very busy with their own statistical business, but also take care of other centers in the town (street) to deal with heavy census tasks. Time and energy are hard to guarantee, and they are unable to cope. It is difficult to hire investigators with high comprehensive quality, and young and high-quality personnel of village (neighborhood) committees go out to work one after another. The investigation task is mainly carried out by village officials (accountants) with higher age and lower education level. These people have low income, low work enthusiasm and unsatisfactory survey quality. 5. The degree of cooperation of the respondents is not high. The out-of-town population survey adopts household survey, which is information about people and needs the active cooperation of the respondents. At present, there are many kinds of household surveys in society, especially frequent business surveys, which make people feel resistant and bored with the investigators' household surveys, especially the information involving personal privacy. Respondents generally have a defensive mentality, and investigators often encounter the phenomenon that the door is difficult to get in and the face is ugly. In addition, when the foreign population comes to the door to investigate and register, they will encounter the situation of not being at home and need to ask their family members or relatives and neighbors. Some people think it doesn't matter out of the consciousness of protecting family and friends, while others think that the degree of cooperation is not high and they are even unwilling to cooperate.
Our city has a large foreign population, which is widely distributed and complicated. It is necessary to strengthen leadership, establish and improve the management system, and do a good job in the management of foreign population.
Influenced by many factors, such as the weakening of the concept of household registration, the weakening of the function of household registration at the grass-roots level, etc., the phenomena of non-registration of birth, non-cancellation of death, marriage, job transfer and settlement in different places are very common, and it is very common for the birth population, especially the super-family planning population, the unmarried birth population and the unmarried pregnant population, not to register their household registration for a long time. Before the computerization and informatization of household registration management in public security, the household registration management at the village neighborhood Committee level was relatively standardized. Marriage registration and account transfer must be certified and sealed by the village neighborhood Committee accountant (document). Without the proof of the village neighborhood Committee, no one can handle the marriage certificate and transfer procedures, and the village accountant (document) is in charge of moving in and out. In recent years, with the widespread use of resident identity cards, marriage certificates are no longer certified by village neighborhood committees, and household registration is directly handled by police stations. The village neighborhood Committee basically doesn't know. If the household registration is not rectified, it will go directly to the inventory to find out whether the married population, those who go out to school and work have moved out of the household registration, and whether the married population and the migrants who build houses and buy houses in the village have moved in. The village neighborhood Committee has no way of knowing, and it is impossible to accurately determine whether a person's household registration is registered. Combine household registration with census and inventory, conduct a comprehensive inventory of floating population and foreign population on the basis of ensuring one-to-one correspondence between households, and classify them according to time and intention, so as to lay a good foundation for formal census and registration.
In order to prevent the spread of the theory of household registration uselessness, it is suggested that the state should introduce policies, so that school-age children can enjoy compulsory education by household registration, and urban and rural residents can enjoy social security such as rural cooperative medical care and urban medical insurance by household registration (resident ID card). This can not only enhance citizens' concept of household registration, but also avoid the disadvantages of the current social security policy of encouraging more children. In the era of high fees for education and medical care in the past, many urban and rural families were afraid that they could not afford high tuition fees and high medical expenses when they were sick. However, they consciously have fewer healthy children. Now they have compulsory education, and they don't have to pay tuition and fees in primary and junior high schools. With rural cooperative medical care and urban medical insurance, you can also reimburse some hospitalization expenses. Don't worry about having more children, the phenomenon of family planning releasing water and raising fish exists to varying degrees. Many farmers and laid-off workers in cities and towns have also joined the ranks of super-life. Among migrant workers, it is common to have children before marriage. At the same time, it is suggested that the Ministry of Public Security issue regulations to give appropriate punishment to those who fail to register their accounts on time, and to give heavy punishment to those who fail to register their accounts for more than one census cycle.
If the public security department has accurate household registration data and relevant departments have accurate information on population inflow and outflow, then it is reasonable to accurately calculate the permanent population.