(1) China's paper and papermaking were introduced to Tianzhu.

② Taizong people went to Tianzhu to learn sugar cooking techniques.

(3) Xuanzang went west to Tianzhu to learn from the scriptures.

(4) Cannibals established Islamic worship temples in Guangzhou.

(5) China's paper-making, porcelain-making and textile technologies were introduced into the food industry.

2. The rulers of the Tang Dynasty implemented a more enlightened ethnic policy and strengthened the ties between the mainland and the border ethnic minorities. Please explain it with specific historical facts.

(1) Set up Anxi viceroy and Beiting viceroy in the west Turkic region.

(2) Make Uighur, Mohong and Nanzhao leaders kings.

(3) Princess Wencheng and Princess Jincheng entered Tubo, and they successively married Zambizong Zangambu and Kridê Zukzain.

3. Give the main measures and functions of Wang Anshi's political reform.

Main contents: Young crops law, conscription law, farmland tax law, farmland water conservancy law, Jiabao law, etc.

Functions: ① It increased the government's fiscal revenue; ② It promoted agricultural production and built more than 10,000 water conservancy projects throughout the country; ③ It enhanced the country's military strength.

4. What measures did the rulers take to strengthen centralization in the early Northern Song Dynasty? ( 1 1)

(1) "a glass of wine to relieve the relieving", relieve the relieving of all the generals.

(2) gradually remove the power of local time.

(3) Send civil servants to be local officials and send officials to do local financial management.

(4) Select elite soldiers from all over the country and incorporate them into the imperial army, which is directly controlled by the emperor.

5. 1 14 1 What is the content of the Song-Jin peace talks? (6 points)

(1) the king of the Southern Song Dynasty.

(2) It starts from Huaishui in the east, is bounded by Dasanguan Line in the west, and reaches Jin Ruling Area in the north and Song Ruling Area in the south.

(3) The Southern Song Dynasty sent ancient coins to gold.

6. Name the scientific and technological achievements that occupied the leading position in the world during the Northern Song Dynasty.

(1) Bi Sheng invented movable type printing.

② Compass is used for navigation.

(3) Shen Kuo created the "Twelve-Qi Calendar".

(4) Li Jie wrote the book "Creating French Style".

7. Please describe the important measures taken by the Ming Dynasty to strengthen the autocratic power of feudal monarchs.

(1) Reform administrative organs, cancel local provincial books and establish three directly affiliated departments; In the central government, the Prime Minister and the Ministry of Literature were abolished, and six ministries were set up to manage state affairs and report directly to the emperor.

(2) Set up a secret factory health service organization under the direct command and control of the Emperor.

(3) implement the policy of reducing vassals.

8. Why is Emperor Taizong an outstanding politician?

Emperor Taizong was awed by the power of peasant uprising at the end of Sui Dynasty and learned the lesson of the demise of Sui Dynasty. Ren Xian and coachable further adjusted their ruling policies, frivolous development of production, rectification of bureaucracy, giving full play to the effectiveness of state organs, and promoting the imperial examinations in schools. These enlightened policies and measures are conducive to political clarity, initial economic prosperity, harmonious ethnic relations and social peace-this is the most famous "ruling the world" in China's feudal era. So he was an outstanding politician in ancient China.

9. What is worthy of our affirmation about the actions of Empress Wu Zetian?

(1) Implement the policy of developing production; (2) Make an exception and promote talents.

10. In the Tang Dynasty, eunuchs were authoritarian. What is the great performance of eunuch power?

The formulation of national policies, the appointment and removal of courtiers and the abolition of emperors are almost all controlled by eunuchs.

1 1. How did Buddhism develop during the Sui and Tang Dynasties?

Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty devoted himself to the spread of Buddhism. (2) During the Tang Dynasty, a large number of Buddhist scriptures were introduced into China, which promoted the development of Buddhism. (3) Wu Zetian advocated Buddhism, so that temples were widely built around the country and the giant Buddha was shaped.

12. Name the representative works of Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi.

Li Bai: When Baidi City was first developed, it was difficult to get through the Shu Road, looking at Lushan Waterfall.

Du Fu: "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells"

Bai Juyi: Qin Zhongyin and New Yuefu

13. Name the famous musicians, dancers, musicians and dancers in the Tang Dynasty.

Musicians: Sui, Tang and Xuanzong.

Dancer: Gong Sundaniang

Music and dance: the king of Qin broke the array and danced in costumes and feathers.

14. What was the Battle of Tokyo?

11In the winter of 25, Jin Jun went south, burning and looting all the way, and advanced on Tokyo. Li Gang, the minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, was in charge of Tokyo's defense, led the army and the people to repel the Jin Army many times and won the battle of Tokyo.

15. Why did the Northern Song Dynasty perish?

(1) The rule of the Northern Song Dynasty was decadent, and the army was lax in discipline and lacked combat effectiveness.

(2) The capitulators in the ruling clique blindly made peace, crowded out the Ministry of War such as Li Gang, sabotaged the military and civilian struggle against gold, and led to their demise.

16. The Song Book records that there were millions of frontier capitals (that is, Tokyo, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty), all of which depended on the Carboniferous period (coal was called Carboniferous period in ancient times), and none of them burned firewood.

Excuse me, which production department developed this record in Song Dynasty?

A: Coal mining industry.

17. Why is the unification of the Yuan Dynasty promoting national integration?

The Han people went to the frontier and made contributions to the development there.

(2) All ethnic groups in the border areas, including Mongolians, moved into the Central Plains and Jiangnan in large numbers and lived together with the Han nationality.

(3) The Khitan, Nuzhen and other ethnic groups who first entered the Yellow River valley are no different from the Han nationality after a long period of life.

Since the Tang Dynasty, many Persians and Arabs who believe in Islam have settled in some areas of our country. During the Yuan Dynasty, a large number of people moved to China, where they lived together with the Han, Mongolian, Uygur and other ethnic groups for a long time, intermarried with each other, and gradually merged to form a new ethnic group-Hui.

Summary: The unification of the Yuan Dynasty promoted national integration, which was the contribution of the Yuan Dynasty to history.

18. Why is it said that the Song and Yuan Dynasties were the peak of ancient scientific and technological development in China?

During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the three great inventions of printing, compass and gunpowder made breakthrough progress and were widely used in printing, navigation and military affairs.

(2) Shen Kuo created the "Twelve calendars", which was more than 800 years earlier than the similar calendars in Britain. Guo Shoujing created the "Chronological Calendar". The period of one year is the same as the current Gregorian calendar, but it was established 300 years earlier.

(3) Li Jie's Architectural Method is the most comprehensive and scientific architectural manual in ancient China, and it is also the earliest and most complete architectural work in the world.

19. What are the characteristics of religion in Yuan Dynasty?

Due to the inclusive religious policy, Buddhism, Taoism, Islam and Christianity were all developed in the Yuan Dynasty.

(2) The rise of Lamaism.

20. What do you mean by "contribution of technicians"?

Machinists are early capitalists, and machinists are early hired workers. Machine owners have a lot of money and looms, and hire workers to produce. Machinists sell their labor, get paid every day, and maintain a poor life.

2 1. Why was Qi Jiguang a national hero in ancient China?

Qi Jiguang and the Qigujun led by him fought bravely against the Japanese pirates and won, so that the Japanese pirates in China's coastal areas were completely wiped out.

22. What do Yu Qian and Li Gang, Yu Qian and Wen Tianxiang have in common?

Yu Qian and Li Gang are both representatives of the main war faction, and they both won the battle to protect the capital in their respective historical periods.

Both Yu Qian and Wen Tianxiang showed lofty national integrity.

23. Tell the policies and slogans put forward by Li Zicheng Peasant Army.

Policy: no levy for three years, no killing for one citizen, flat buying and flat selling.

Slogan: free grain.

24. Why are the thoughts of Li Zhi and the three great thinkers in the late Ming Dynasty progressive?

Because they launched a fierce criticism of the decadent monarchy and feudal ethics, and developed materialism. These thoughts are democratic and reflect the requirements of the times.