Test Analysis: This topic examines the course of China's modernization exploration. From 65438 to 1960s, the landlord class set off a Westernization Movement to learn from the advanced western technology under the slogan of "self-improvement" and "seeking wealth". 1898, Emperor Guangxu issued an imperial edict to carry out the political reform movement. 19 12 Sun Yat-sen was sworn in as the provisional president of the Republic of China in Nanjing, announcing the establishment of the Nanjing provisional government, which made democracy and ideas deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. 19 15 Chen Duxiu founded "new youth" magazine in Shanghai, marking the beginning of the new culture movement. "Democracy" and "science" are two banners of the new culture movement. So the correct order is 1234, and the answer is D.