Krakow Uprising refers to an uprising of the Republic of Krakow against Austrian rule and feudal system, and it is one of the most important events in Poland's national liberation movement in the middle of19th century. Krakow uprising broke out against the background of the rise of anti-feudal peasant movement in Poland and the increasingly mature crisis of European revolution.

1844 After the Polish peasant revolutionary uprising was suppressed, several democratic organizations prepared to hold new national liberation uprisings in Poznan, Lviv, Krakow and other cities in 1846. In order to organize the national uprising in Poland, an uprising leading committee headed by Ludwig Melo Slavski, a former Polish officer, was established in Poznan from 65438 to 0846. The Committee organized several guerrillas through its representatives sent to Warsaw, Krakow and Lviv. However, the preparations for the uprising were discovered by the authorities, and Melo Slavski and many members of the committee were arrested. On February 20th, an uprising broke out in Krakow and Lviv. The leader of the Krakow Uprising was the "Democratic Association", and its members, together with the guerrillas and with the help of the urban poor, drove out the Austrian garrison and took control of the whole city.

The insurgents announced the establishment of the Polish National Government in Krakow, and Edward Debowski, a famous revolutionary democrat who came to this city with wieliczka salt mine workers' armed forces, became the head of the government. In the declaration, the Polish revolutionary government in Krakow called on the Polish people to fight for Poland's national independence and people's democratic rights and abolish the feudal system. It announced the abolition of differences between different classes and titles, the distribution of land to landless farmers, the opening of state workshops and the improvement of workers' conditions. In addition, some other revolutionary slogans were put forward. The Polish aristocratic bourgeoisie opposed the expansion of the uprising beyond Krakow. They were frightened by the struggle between the peasant masses and the urban poor, and dared not take advantage of the revolutionary enthusiasm of these revolutionary forces. Debowski's sacrifice on February 27th was a great loss of Krakow Uprising. On March 3, the revolutionary city Krakow fell under the attack of the joint armed forces of Russia and Austria. 1846165438+1October 6th, Russia, Prussia and Austria signed a treaty, and decided to abolish the resolution of the Vienna Conference on "Free City of Krakow" and put the city under the jurisdiction of Austria.

Although Krakow uprising failed, it still played an important role in the history of European revolutionary movement in the19th century.