The first step is to show the enemy that it is fake and let the enemy think it is true;
The second step is to let the enemy see through our falsehood and take it lightly;
The third step is to turn the false into the true, so that the enemy can mistake it for the false.
In this way, the enemy's thoughts were disturbed and he took the initiative. Know yourself when using this plan: this plan is especially effective if the enemy commander is suspicious and too cautious. Secondly, we should seize the opportunity of the enemy's confusion and confusion, quickly turn virtual into real, turn virtual into real, do nothing, and take it by surprise.
◆ Nothing comes first, then there is.
During the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, many local officials took refuge in An Lushan and Shi Siming. Zhang Xun, the general of Tang Dynasty, was loyal to Tang Shi and refused to defect. He led an army of 2,000 to 3,000 men to defend the isolated city of Qiu Yong (now Qixian County, Henan Province). An Lushan sent commander Ling Huchao to lead 40,000 troops to besiege Qiu Yongcheng. Although Zhang Xun was outnumbered and won several small victories in the surprise attack out of the city, there were fewer and fewer arrows in the city. During the war, he couldn't catch up. Without arrows, it is difficult for the defenders to resist the enemy's siege. Zhang Xun remembered the story of Zhuge Liang borrowing a straw boat and building an arrow in the Three Kingdoms, and he had a plan in mind. He ordered the army to collect straw and grass, tie up thousands of scarecrows, put on black clothes, and slowly hang them at the gate with ropes at night. That night, Linghu Chao thought that Zhang Xun was going to send troops to attack at night, and he sent thousands of arrows like a shower. Zhang Xun easily got hundreds of thousands of arrows from the enemy. There is no such thing. After the dawn of Linghu tide, I knew I had been cheated, flustered and regretted it. The next night, Zhang Xun hung the grass man down from the city again. The thief saw it. Laugh. Seeing that the enemy was paralyzed, Zhang Xun quickly lowered 500 warriors, but the enemy soldiers still ignored them. It's nothing. Under the cover of night, 500 warriors quickly sneaked into the enemy camp, causing the fox tide to be caught off guard and causing chaos in the camp. Zhang Xun took this opportunity, led his troops out of the city, killed Ling Huchao, and fled hastily, so he had to retreat to Chenliu (now southeast of Kaifeng). Zhang Xun cleverly saved Qiu Yongcheng through a plan made out of nothing.
◆ Cheng Yu derailed and wrote a letter.
It is said that Liu Bei, with the help of Xu Shu, got carried away, defeated Cao Jun's general Coss several times in a row and won Fancheng. Coss and lieutenant Li Dian fled back to Xuchang, went to see Cao Cao, and wept bitterly and confessed. Cao Cao said, "Victory and defeat are common in military strategists. I wonder who is assisting Liu Bei?" Coss said it was Fu Shan. Counselor Cheng Yu said with a smile, "This man is not Fu Shan, but Xu Shu of Yingzhou. Fu Shan is his disguised name. " Cao Cao said, "How is Xu Shu's talent better than yours?" Cheng Yu said: "Ten times higher." Cao Cao said: "It's a pity that Liu Bei's wings can only be formed when talents return!" ! What should I do? "Cheng Yu said," Although Xu Shu is with Liu Bei, it is not difficult for you to use him. "It turns out that Xu Shu is the most filial, and he lost his father at a young age. There is only his mother at home, his brother Xu Kang is dead, and his mother is left unattended. Cheng Yu taught Cao Cao to earn Xu Shu's old mother to Xuchang, and then ordered him to write a letter inviting Xu Shu back.
Cao Cao was overjoyed and sent someone to receive Xu Shu's mother from Xuchang overnight. I don't want to, then Mrs. Xu is a loyal and treacherous court official, who understands the important principle. Until her death, she refused to write a letter to let her son abandon the light and cast a dark shadow. Instead, she cursed Cao Cao for entrusting Han Xiang, which was really a Chinese thief. Cao Cao was furious and ordered the samurai to kill Xu Mu. Cheng Yu quickly dissuaded him and said, "If the Prime Minister kills Xu's mother, it will damage his reputation and fulfill Xu's virtue. As soon as Xu's mother died, Xu Shu was dead set on helping Liu Bei get revenge. It is better to leave her first, so that Xu Shu can't help Liu Bei wholeheartedly. Then, I will try to earn him back. " Cao Cao thought it was reasonable, so he didn't kill Xu Mu.
From then on, Cheng Yu greeted Xu's mother almost every day and regarded her as his own mother. And lied to Xu's mother that he had become a half-brother with Xu Shu. Cheng Yu also often gives gifts to Xu Mu. Every time he sends something to Xu's mother, he always writes a letter with it. Therefore, Xu's mother often writes in person to let people take it back. After obtaining Xu's mother's handwriting, Cheng Yu imitated her handwriting, wrote a letter from home in the name of Xu's mother, and sent a confidant to see Xu Shu with the letter. Sure enough, Xu Shu burst into tears after seeing the letter, and immediately went to see Liu Bei, hoping to let him go back to see his mother. Of course Liu Bei can't give up, but it's not convenient to stay together. A few days later, the two had to say goodbye in tears. In this way, Cheng Yu tricked Xu Shu into Cao Cao with a plan of "making something out of nothing".
However, although Cao Cao got Xu Shu, Xu Shu never persuaded him. The first reason is that Xu Shu has a deep friendship with Liu Bei, and his return to Cao Cao is not out of his own heart. Second, when he returned to Cao Ying, the truth came out and his mother hanged herself in anger. Knowing that he had been cheated, Xu Shu hated Cao Cao's guts and vowed not to set a plan for Cao Cao.
◆ True and false Zhang Xingshi
In the first year of Taishigong in the Song and Ming Dynasties (465), Liu in the Southern Dynasty killed his brother Liu and became emperor himself. The change of power caused confusion.
Liu Ge sent General Zhang Xingshi to lead the water army south along the river, captured Hukou two towns in one fell swoop, and was blocked in Queqiaozhou. In the situation of the confrontation between the two armies, Zhang Xingshi advocated occupying the upstream points with a capable force and cutting off the contact between Liu Jun before and after, in order to find fighters and make a surprise attack.
Qianxi is located in the upper reaches of Qianjiang River, where the terrain is dangerous, and the water on the river surface is swift and swirling. All ships coming and going here should be anchored, which is the throat of Liu's army. Therefore, Zhang Xingshi decided to break through here. Qianxi's garrison is not weak, and Zhang wakes up the world. He sent several boats up the current quickly. When the defenders of Qianxi discovered it, they were about to take action, but Zhang Xingshi's ship immediately turned around and went back. For several days, every day, Qian's defenders became accustomed to it. One night, Zhang Xingshi led a large number of warships to set sail. At first, Liu Hu thought it was another bluff and ignored it. Later, I heard that there were a large number of warships, so I sent some ships to monitor Zhang Xingshi's movements.
The next night, Zhang Xingshi stopped at Jingjiang Pu, and Liu Hu's boat also stopped at the other side. In the evening, Zhang Xingshi led all warships to quickly enter Qianxi. The ships sent by Liu Hu to monitor can't understand the enemy's purpose at the moment, and they don't understand their commander's intention. They watched Zhang's awakened warships all enter Qianxi. When Liu Hu understood and sent the fleet to attack, Zhang Xingshi was ready to defend. Liu Hu's ship rushed into the whirlpool in the river, crowded and slow, out of coordination with the land infantry, and finally lost.
◆ Zhang Yi beat Chu to break the alliance.
At the end of the warring States period, the seven males stood side by side. In fact, Qin has the strongest troops, Chu has the largest territory and Qi has the best terrain. The other four countries are no match for them. At that time, Qi and Chu formed an alliance, and Qin couldn't win. Zhang Yi, the prime minister of Qin State, was a famous strategist. He suggested to the king of Qin to alienate Qi and Chu and then attack separately. The king of Qin felt justified, so he only sent Zhang to Chu.
Zhang Yi went generously, saying that as long as the State of Chu could achieve a perfect alliance, the State of Qin was willing to cede its commercial land of 600 Li (now Xichuan, Neijiang, Henan) to the State of Chu. Chu Huaiwang listened and felt profitable: First, he gained territory; Second, he weakened qi; Third, he can form an alliance with Qiang Qin. So regardless of the minister's opposition, he readily agreed. Chu Huaiwang sent Zhang Yi to the State of Qin to sign a treaty. When they were near Xianyang, Zhang Yi pretended to be drunk, fell off the car and went home to recuperate. Hou Chou had to stay at the inn to meet him. A few days later, I couldn't see Zhang Yi, so I had to write to the king of Qin. The king of Qin wrote back and said: since there is an agreement, of course I will abide by it. But Chu is not perfect, how can he sign a contract casually?
Hou Qiu sent someone to report the meeting. Wang Huai didn't know that Qin had already set a trap, so he immediately sent someone to scold the king of Qi, so that Qi was definitely Chu and Qin.
At this time, Zhang Yi recovered from her "illness". When she met Hou Ugly, she said, "Hey, why don't you go back to China?" Ugly said, "I went to see the king of Qin with you to discuss the dispatch of business."
However, Zhang Yi said, "The King of Qin should not decide such a trivial matter himself. At that time, I said that I would give my Liuli Fengyi to the King of Chu, and I did. " Hou Haiyang looked at it and said, "What you said is that the business is in 600 Li!" Yi cheung pretended to be surprised: "where did you get the word! The land of Qin was acquired from the war. How can you just give it away? You heard wrong! "
Encounter ugly helpless, had to return to Chu Huaiwang. Wang Huai was furious and sent his troops to attack Qin. But now Chyi Chin has formed an alliance. Under the attack of the two countries, the Chu army was defeated, and Qin Jun took the land of six hundred miles in Hanzhong. Finally, Chu Huaiwang had to cede territory for peace.
Wang Huai was cheated by Zhang Yi out of thin air. Instead of benefiting, he lost a lot of land.
◆ Every tree is a soldier.
At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the former Qin Emperor Fu Jian occupied the northern part of China. He is ambitious to destroy the Eastern Jin Dynasty and rule the whole country. As a result, Fu Jian launched a large-scale attack on the Eastern Jin Dynasty from all over the country. At this time, only more than 80,000 troops can be deployed in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which is less than one tenth of that in the Fu Jian period. 10, Qin Jun led Fu Rong to conquer Shouyang, an important town on the west bank of Feishui, and trapped some of the troops of the Eastern Jin Dynasty who came to support in Gu Xia and took control of Luo Jian, thus preventing the 8 Jin Army led by Xie Shi and Xie Xuan from coming from the east from clearing the gap. Xie Jun had to camp twenty-five miles from Luo Jian.
Get carried away before, just wait for the Jin army to surrender. Xie Shi took advantage of the enemy's relaxed vigilance and sent 5000 people to sneak attack Qin Jun camp in the dark. Its main commander, Liang Cheng, was killed, and a large number of Qin Jun jumped into the Huaihe River in panic and died. In this battle, Qin Jun suffered more than 15000 casualties. So, 8 jin j lifted the siege of Shi Xia, has been chasing the east bank of Huaishui, across the river from Qin Jun.
From a distance, the Jin army on the east coast is magnificent and neatly arranged, and is practicing killing the enemy from the foot of the mountain. A gust of north wind blew, and flowers and trees in Shan Ye were blown off one after another. Qin Jun thought that all the mountains and plains were Jin armies, and everyone was flustered (this is the origin of "nervousness"). Xie Shi sent messengers across the river to tell Fu Jian: Please let Qin Jun give up a piece of land and let the Jin Army cross the river to fight against it. Fu Jian completely ignored 8 jin j, thinking that 8 jin j was trapped, and agreed to retreat for several miles, giving up a battlefield. Qin Jun was originally a scattered soldier forcibly recruited from all over the country. He was first frightened by "every grass and tree". As soon as he retreated, the officers and men rushed back, and hundreds of thousands of troops were in a mess; The gold "spy" mixed in the Qin army shouted "Lost!" After the array of Qin Jun thought it was before the array in retreat, turned and fled back. Seeing that the enemy was in chaos, Jin crossed the river to kill the enemy. Fu Rong, the general of the State of Qin, was hacked to death with disorderly knives and lost his commander-in-chief, which made him even more flustered. Kim pursued the victory and won a total victory. Fu Jian with a shoulder injury, finally only one hundred thousand troops, hurried back to Luoyang.
Analysis of current use situation
Opportunities don't wait, sometimes they are grasped by themselves and created by ingenuity. We should think philosophically about reality and strive to create and find opportunities, instead of self-centered whimsy, which is made out of nothing and cannot fall from the sky.
◆ "Three noes" How to "make something out of nothing"
Nowadays, when it comes to college students' entrepreneurship, many people can't help but think of the predicament of "no funds", "no experience" and "no connections". Nowadays, opening a small shop online is called entrepreneurship, the agent product is called entrepreneurship, and the campus stall is also called entrepreneurship. It seems that college students have accumulated some funds, which is called starting a business. Although the word entrepreneurship has sprung up in colleges and universities, how to successfully take the first step of entrepreneurship is a headache for parents and society.
The survey shows that although 75% of college graduates are eager to start their own businesses, the real entrepreneurs only account for 1.94%. Some people say that students' entrepreneurship projects lack high-tech content, and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities emphasizes theory over practice and lacks industrial support, which has become the bottleneck of college students' entrepreneurship at present. It is also said that online commerce is a zero-cost investment due to lack of funds; For inexperienced people, online entrepreneurship has zero risk; For people without connections, online entrepreneurship can enrich and expand the interpersonal circle. For this group, these can only be used as a reference to expand their thinking. It is not easy for college students to start a business, and all kinds of conditions are available.
The so-called newborn calves are not afraid of tigers. Many college students just enthusiastically shout the slogan of starting a business, but the purpose is only to earn some extra money, which will make Ye Gong a good dragon. One of the 36 strategies is called "making something out of nothing", which means having nothing and insisting on having it. It is a successful example that college students have gone from having no funds, no experience and no connections to having funds, strength and achievements.
Accordingly, college students' online entrepreneurship is not out of thin air, and similar entrepreneurial competitions can provide opportunities and even funds to a certain extent. Inevitably, it is only from the theoretical level to experience entrepreneurship by planning entrepreneurial projects. After all, the business plan is too rational and unrealistic, which is a common problem for college students who have not yet left the ivory tower.
No wonder Ms. Shi Shuli, general manager of E-banking and Information Technology Department of Jiujiang Branch of China Construction Bank, couldn't help but say: "We can accept these new ideas and new thinking of the post-90s generation. Their projects have their own characteristics and highlights, and the only thing in common is poor implementation. " There are indeed many college students full of entrepreneurial passion. The first thing they think of is what it looks like now, but they never think about how much space there will be if it is really implemented.
In fact, the best way is to find something to do in the industry where you want to start a business. Regardless of the starting point, it is very important for entrepreneurs to be familiar with this industry. If you are keen on talking on paper, you might as well taste the sweat first.
◆ Soviet army cloth "empty" thunder
During World War II, the Soviet Red Army also used the plan of "making something out of nothing" when attacking German transport vehicles. On one occasion, the commandos led by Goelzer Rize, the captain of the Soviet Red Army, received a task: a road is an important transportation channel for the German main force to obtain supplies, and mines must be laid on that road immediately. The commandos just don't have mines at the moment, so if they need to mine temporarily, they can't finish the task on time.
So Takazawa Rize ordered the soldiers to do something, which read "Be careful!" It was written in German. A wooden sign with the word "mine" written on it. At night, Soviet troops sneaked into enemy lines and planted these signs on the expressway. After dawn, the Soviet army saw the German transport vehicle parked on the highway at the observation post. The drivers approached the sign carefully and read the words on it with trepidation.
In an instant, the road was full of German cars loaded with all kinds of military supplies, and the traffic was all blocked. At this time, the artillery of the Red Army launched a sudden shelling on the German transport vehicles, which caused heavy losses to the German transport forces.
To make something out of nothing is to confuse the false with the true, leaving the enemy scratching their heads. "Nothing" is a false phenomenon, the purpose of which is to cover up the true intention. The beauty of making something out of nothing lies in making the enemy hard to prevent, and the key lies in mastering the opponent's psychology. It can be said that the application out of thin air is the highest level of wisdom of senior generals. In the field of contemporary commercial warfare, "making something out of nothing" is often used as a trick to deceive customers, which should arouse people's sufficient vigilance.
◆ Welcome john wayne.
Many years ago, in a small town in Kentucky, there was an elegant restaurant. The shopkeeper noticed that business was always quiet every Tuesday.
It's another Tuesday, and there are still few guests in the store. The shopkeeper had nothing to do, so he looked through the local telephone directory. He found a local man named john wayne with the same name and surname as the great American star at that time. This accidental discovery made him move. He immediately called this john wayne and said that his name was randomly selected from the phone book, and he could get two free dinners in the restaurant at 8 o'clock next Tuesday evening. He is welcome to come with his wife. John wayne was invited with pleasure.
The next day, a huge poster was put up in front of the restaurant, which read "Welcome john wayne to our restaurant next Tuesday". This poster aroused the commotion and concern of local residents. If this is in Beijing, it is equivalent to posting a notice at Changping Hotel in Beijing, saying that Mr. and Mrs. Zhao Benshan will come to the restaurant for dinner on Tuesday. And this Zhao Benshan is not Zhao Benshan, just with the same name. But people who read the notice don't know that this is the shopkeeper's trick.
On Tuesday, the number of tourists increased greatly, setting a record for restaurants. Especially that night, before 6 o'clock, someone was waiting to be seated. After 7 o'clock, I lined up outside the door, and after 8 o'clock, the store was crowded with people. Everyone wants to see superstar Jon Wayne.
After a while, the loudspeaker in the shop announced, "Ladies and gentlemen, john wayne is here. Let's welcome him and his wife. "
In an instant, the restaurant was silent, and all eyes were on the door. Who knows that standing there is a typical old Kentucky farmer, and there is a lady who is as humble as him. So this little guy is John.
The shopkeeper was embarrassed and scared, and regretted that this arrangement was ridiculous and outrageous, but at this moment people suddenly understood what was going on, so after a moment of silence, applause and laughter suddenly broke out, and the guests surrounded Mr. and Mrs. John and asked to take a photo with them.
Since then, the shopkeeper has continued to look for people with the same name and surname from the phone book, invited them to have dinner on Tuesday, and displayed posters to inform the villagers. As a result, the topic of "Guess who will come to dinner" and "Who will come to dinner" inadvertently brought a lot of excitement to Tuesday when business was light.