Reflection on Sophie's World Sophie's World is a primary philosophy book, which tells the story of a girl, Sophie, who is 14 years old. She came home from school one day and found a letter from a mysterious philosophy tutor, thus opening the way for her to learn philosophy. With Sophie's experience, a series of philosophical history and thoughts took root in my heart, which also triggered my curiosity and thinking about this world mystery. The whole book is very long, and it took me more than two months to finish it. There are many contents, and I remember little about the development of the history of philosophy, but I was deeply impressed by the author's unique views. After reading the previous chapters, I thought that the protagonist of this book was Sophie and her philosophy teacher Albert, and the more I went down, the more strange I felt. At the philosophical banquet of Sophie's 15th birthday, I gradually realized that the real protagonist of this book is Sid and her major father, while Sophie and Albert are just the characters written by the author-the characters portrayed by Sid's father, the major. The major created these two people and their experiences, and wrote a book as a birthday present for his daughter Sid. Strangely, under the major's pen, Sophie and Albert gradually felt the existence of this creator and knew that their destiny was in his hands, so they finally got rid of the major's control through their own efforts and achieved success. This idea that the creator escaped from the arranged fate makes me feel very subtle, and even my thinking is a little distorted. I was taught a long time ago that philosophy books are boring and difficult to chew, so this is my first attempt to read philosophy books, but it surprised me and aroused my thinking and interest. The professional description of Sophie's world in the book is of course a history of philosophical development, but it has given me a lot of inspiration. I think the author's well-intentioned idea may be to tell us more intuitively that there is no boundary between truth and illusion. Who Are We? Who Are We? Do we really exist, or are we just an illusion that we are manipulated by greater individuals like Sophie and Albert? Everything is like a mystery. But in any case, even if we have too much confusion, the world still exists, the earth still rotates, time still passes, and it goes on and on ... Maybe this is philosophy! The famous writer Nan Fang Shuo's evaluation of this book is as follows: In the novel part of Sophie's World, Sophie's subjective "self-consciousness" process is quite similar to detective novel plus modern version of Alice in Wonderland, philosophy plus detective, fantasy plus cosmology, which makes people suddenly enlightened. Isn't this the most classic definition of philosophy's love for wisdom? " Yes, although I am a novice in philosophy, I can't deeply understand some of the contents in the book, and I can't make a profound evaluation like Mr. Nan, but I think it awakened my curiosity about the world and my thinking about the ultimate meaning of life. This is really a good book!
Reflections on Sophie's World
Sophie's World is a primary philosophy book. Sophie, a girl of 14 years old, came home from school one day and found a letter from a mysterious philosophy tutor, which opened the way for her to learn philosophy. With Sophie's experience, a series of philosophical history and thoughts took root in my heart, which also triggered my curiosity and thinking about the mystery of this world.
The whole book is very long, and it took me more than two months to finish it. There is a lot of content. I remember little about the development of the history of philosophy, but I was deeply impressed by the author's unique views. After reading the previous chapters, I thought that the protagonist of this book was Sophie and her philosophy teacher Albert, and the more I went down, the more strange I felt. It was not until the philosophical banquet of Sophie's 15th birthday that I gradually realized that the real protagonist of this book was Sid and her major father, while Sophie and Albert were just the characters created by the author's major Sid's father. The major created these two people and their experiences, and wrote a book as a birthday present for his daughter Sid. Strangely, under the major's pen, Sophie and Albert gradually felt the existence of this creator and knew that their fate was in his hands, so through their own efforts, finally, I got rid of the major's control and succeeded. This idea that the creator escaped from the arranged fate makes me feel very subtle, and even my thinking is a little distorted.
A long time ago, I was instilled with the idea that philosophy books are boring and difficult to chew, so this is my first attempt to read philosophy books, but it surprised me and aroused my thinking and interest. Sophie's World, written professionally in the book, is of course a history of philosophy, but it has given me a lot of inspiration. I think the author's well-meaning idea may be to tell us more intuitively that there is no boundary between truth and illusion. And we ... Who Are We? Do we really exist, or are we just an illusion that we are manipulated by greater individuals like Sophie and Albert? Everything is like a mystery. But in any case, even if we have too much confusion, the world still exists, the earth still rotates, time still passes, and so on ... Maybe this is philosophy!
Nan Fang Shuo, a well-known writer, commented on this book: "In the novel part of Sophie's World, Sophie's subjective consciousness process is quite similar to detective novel plus modern version of Alice in Wonderland, philosophy plus detective, fantasy plus cosmology, which makes people suddenly enlightened. Isn't this the most classic definition of philosophy's love for wisdom? " Yes, although I am a novice in philosophy, I still can't deeply understand some of the contents in the book, and I can't make a profound evaluation like Teacher Nan.
Comments on Zeng Guofan's Letters from Zhenming Zeng Guofan is an important historical figure in the modern history of China, and he is known as the "first minister" in the late Qing Dynasty, and later as "the swan song of the ages" and "the model of officialdom". He purged the political style, advocated learning from the west, and initiated "Tongzhi Zhongxing", which made the Qing Dynasty, whose building was about to collapse, linger on for another 60 years. His achievements are unparalleled, and his works and thoughts are equally far-reaching and favored by future generations. Zeng Guofan is a famous figure in modern China, and he is one of the main idols worshipped by many people from Qing officials to modern times. When he was young, Mao Zedong once said, "A fool is more stupid than a man. He will serve Ceng Wenzheng alone." Chiang Kai-shek was even more impressed, thinking that Zeng Guofan's way of being a man was "enough for my teacher." On his deathbed, Chiang Kai-shek repeatedly told his eldest son, Jiang Jingguo, to study Zeng Guofan for life. Visible zeng guofan's great influence. Zeng Guofan's family education thought is mainly reflected in his letters to his sons Ji Ze, Ji Hong and your brothers and sisters. There are more than 330 letters from Zeng Guofan, which is the most complete one in history. The Zeng family has always been very strict and well-behaved. Zeng Guofan was influenced by his family style and was strict with his children. His guiding ideology of family education has many merits. At home, people feel that he is a father who is very strict with his children's study and education. Many of his letters from home are for his son, so send him the words, poems and other works he practices every day. Then, he will give guidance according to their learning situation. He pointed out that "reading should be specialized and learning Chinese characters should be frequent." He is also a loving father. Once, my son was ill for a long time. He asked him carefully if he had taken any medicine, what medicine he had taken and so on. It has also been suggested that the key to good health is to strengthen exercise at ordinary times instead of taking medicine blindly. "Take a thousand steps after meals" is a good fitness method. Zeng Guofan is the best son, can reassure parents, and is the best brother. He teaches and takes care of his brothers and sisters, and he is considerate. And the kindest father, his descendants are masters and talents all over the world. Zeng Guofan's mentor may have given the answer. He said: "Everyone wants his descendants to be big officials, and I don't want to be big officials, but I want to be a gentleman who understands reading." Compared with Zeng's family education, it is not difficult to find that our educational goals are biased. We attach too much importance to the education of "talent" and neglect the education of "morality". What is the "gentleman" mentioned by Zeng Guofan? Sima Guang has made a conclusion in "Learning from each other": "Those who are talented and virtuous are called saints, those who are talented and virtuous are called fools, those who are talented and virtuous are called gentlemen, and those who win virtue are called villains". A fool is not enough for society, and a villain is a great danger to society. "Since ancient times, there have been so many traitors of the country and the black sheep of the family that there are so many subversives!" . It is thought-provoking and worthy of our deep reflection. Our students' clothes are all stretched and their mouths are full of food. Their "burden" mainly comes from learning mathematics, writing, English and various specialties. Compared with Zeng's family education, our moral education mostly stays at the level of empty talk and slogans. School education should be life education. Only by educating children to understand the relationship between people, parents and children, and brothers and younger brothers can people be well done. Let children know their identity, what obligations they should do and what manners they should do. This is education. The education of disciples in Zeng Guofan's letters starts with life behavior and focuses on moral cultivation. But our education today ignores these. Someone joked that our relationship with children is "very 6+ 1", and six adults revolve around 1 child. No matter how poor you are, you have to have money, which makes many children unable to take care of themselves, unaware of the hardships of life, pursuing pleasure and keeping up with vanity. Many children are also accustomed to their central position, everyone is for me, and I am also for me, extremely selfish. Such children don't understand and don't love their parents. Filial piety is the foundation of benevolence. If they don't know how to love their parents, how can they love others and their motherland? If you lose your sense of responsibility for your family, what social responsibility will you bear? Without "self-cultivation", how can we "keep our family together", let alone "level the world". His letters from home emphasize the ideal of life, spiritual realm and moral cultivation. In the modern society where family ties are becoming more and more indifferent and neighbors are strangers, they really have the value of persuading the world to change their customs and are worth reading. Most of them are bureaucrats, but they can't last three generations. However, the Zeng family is full of talented people, and a number of famous diplomats, poets, educators, scientists and senior cadres have emerged. Zeng Guofan has profound knowledge accomplishment, and Mao Zedong praised him as a man who did things (achieved a career) and preached (left thoughts and theories behind). He studied hard all his life, respected Confucianism and emphasized practical application, and became another "Confucian master" after Confucius, Mencius and Zhu. He innovated the literary theory of Tongcheng School, and his poems and essays presided over the literary circles of Taoism (light), Xianfeng (prosperity) and Tongzhi (governance), which can be described as "the highest generation of moral articles". Therefore, although Zeng Guofan had his own way in the decadent and feudal Qing Dynasty, now we can learn from his good side and apply it to our daily life, work and study, so that we can become a profound person and make some contributions to society and the country. Even if we are unknown, even if we are not as immortal as him, we will always repay the society and the family with a grateful heart.
As the saying goes, writing is like a person. Reading Zeng Guofan's letter, I seem to hear him talking in his ear, but I can't see the slightest darkness and cunning, and I don't think he is a politician. Letters from home from Zeng Guofan was first awarded an official position by Jishi Shu of imperial academy to nearly 30 years before his death. In addition to his mature thinking, his interest is still the same as that of his youth, and he always pretends to be a scholar, which determines his view of things around him and becomes the cornerstone of his success in life. His understanding of learning, composition, history, etc. In his letter, he expressed many experiences worth learning by future generations. According to the present words, he has a very good learning method and comprehension ability. He was born in the imperial examination, but he won a great sense of education, emphasizing a more flexible atmosphere and a firm style of writing. In his letters home, he seldom talked about his gains and losses in officialdom, but he always cared about the misunderstandings in his childhood study, such as writing and astronomy, which almost became his lifelong regret. At the same time, he is not only an official, but also a scholar, with a broad mind and always telling himself: to be honest, modest and hardworking. The younger brother and son are sensible, sensitive and hardworking, which is beyond the reach of ordinary bureaucrats. What impressed me the most was his summary of the reading methods and effects of each previous stage as a person who had experienced it. His method is positive and deeply influenced by Confucian spirit. At first, I thought I could do academic research, but when I was preparing to write a book, I found that the foundation was not solid and the scope was narrow, and it was far from the point of summarizing the experience of predecessors. He pays attention to the mastery of life and composition, especially emphasizes the understanding of reading and its educational function to people, and teaches his son that "sages, heroes and literati have different ambitions since ancient times, but their minds are broad-minded and bright." In the words of poetry, we must first have an open-minded knowledge, and then we will have a natural interest in harmony. ""it is difficult to change a person's temperament because of his nature, but reading can change his temperament. " "I don't understand the knowledge of Tao poetry, try to read it again and again. If we can peek at his mind and leave it far away, we will know that he is made public by sages and heroes. "Regarding the imperial examination, he commented: Only those who are lucky in Wen Chou will never be buried in Wen Jia; In view of the failure of the younger brothers in the exam, it is suggested that they find problems from themselves, don't practice favoritism, and plead with the examiner. He summed up the necessity of imitation and accumulation in the primary stage of learning. "The effect is faster and the path is easier." As for the general learning methods, he talked about "reading new books quickly, reading old books well, writing consistently and writing hard." The method of reading classics lies in the word "resistance". If one sentence doesn't make sense, don't look at the next one. The way to read history is "nothing is better than putting yourself in others' shoes." Every time you look at it, am I convenient for people at that time to have fun and laugh? " He lamented that 15 or 6 years old is a critical period for people to grow and learn, and it was not until they were 30 years old that they realized the significance of arts and sciences. These are all knowledge worthy of our reference and attention. In addition to reading and writing, Zeng Guofan also mentioned self-cultivation and dealing with interpersonal relationships. Regardless of his merits and demerits in suppressing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement, from a personal point of view, few people in history have achieved success. However, under the turbulent political situation in the late Qing Dynasty, with the schooling background of Han people, he not only needed enough ability and courage, but also needed insight into all aspects of life and society, which can be seen from Zeng's letters. When he was a senior official, he was able to educate his son with a simple concept. "Bill, uncle chan's son, was only one year old. In a family without father and mother, he gradually became poor, so he studied hard and became famous as a teenager. Thanks to my grandfather's lingering sound, I am carefree and carefree, so I am very happy and no longer regard reading as a thing. " When the eldest son was 23 years old, he pointed out that "I am 23 years old this year, and I am all angry. My father and brother can't help me"; For the younger son, it is pointed out that "growing up rich, but listening to praise, not listening to blame and ridicule, so the arts and sciences are shallow and ignorant." When the situation is too smooth and there is no difficulty in stimulating, it is difficult to make progress. " He is in power in Beijing, but he advised his family not to be conceited and not to interfere in local affairs. As for his younger brother, who is also a senior official, he said, "Even if people are clever and deceitful, I still respond with muddy content and sincerity and stupidity." . Over time, people's will will also disappear; If you are intrigued and meet each other late, there will be no time for revenge. ""if you are not rich, you are not arrogant. My brother wants to leave a legacy to his ancestors and cherish the blessings for future generations. He has no choice but to be diligent and keep a family. " "at this time, the door is very prosperous and everything is running. "Once lost, there is an embarrassing state of coldness everywhere. Therefore, it is better to be a place in advance, and it is better to see what you have not heard. " "We can be strong in self-study, but we can't be strong among winners." From these words, we can feel his frankness, generosity and practicality. These are by no means so-called hooligans, but entirely positive understandings and methods. In a sense, they are exactly the same as the successful research of Carnegie and Napoleon Hill in modern society. An important gain from reading Zeng's letters is to let readers talk to him directly, which is helpful to correct some misunderstandings in society.