Xunzi (about 365438 BC+03 ~ 238 BC) was a famous thinker and writer in the Warring States Period. At that time, people respected him and called him Xun Qing. Liu Xun, Xuan Di, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, avoided taboos in his works and wrote Sun Qing. At the end of the Warring States period, Zhao was born. He visited Xia Ji, the cultural center of the State of Qi, twice to offer a toast to the leader Dr. Li, and also visited the State of Qin, Zhao Haoqi of the State of Qin, and later came to Chu as the commander-in-chief of Lanling. In 238 BC, he lost his official position and returned home, and was buried in Lanling. Han Fei and Reese are both his students.

Xunzi was the last representative of Confucianism in the pre-Qin period, and Mencius, who was earlier than him, became two opposing factions in Confucianism. In terms of cosmology, Xunzi believes that the existence of nature is independent of human subjective will, but people can use subjective efforts to understand it, adapt to it and use it to avoid misfortune. He put forward the idea of "mastering fate and making use of it". In terms of epistemology, he believes that people should first contact with external things through sensory organs, emphasizing the necessity of "doing" for "knowing" and the importance of acquired learning, and has a simple materialistic thought. Politically, he put forward the slogan of "the queen is king first" in view of Confucius and Mencius' thought, and advocated governing according to the social situation at that time, selecting talents and appointing talents, distinguishing rewards and punishments, and governing with "ceremony", "law" and "skill" Many of his ideas were absorbed by legalists. On the issue of human nature, he disagreed with Mencius' theory of good nature and advocated the theory of evil nature. He believes that the acquired environment can improve people's malignancy, so he advocates "courtesy and righteousness." He attaches importance to the role of education and emphasizes the importance of educational function, which is of positive significance.

Xunzi is both a thinker and good at literature. Among the philosophers in the Warring States Period, He, Mencius and Zhuangzi had the deepest influence on later generations.

Xunzi is characterized by his boldness. His knowledge is extensive and profound, so his writing style is grand and vigorous, and he has an inclusive spirit. For example, "Persuade to Learn" summed up the experience of doing scholarly research and handed down the patriarchal clan system for later generations. In "Rich Country" and "Wang Ba", the lessons of the rise and fall of past dynasties are quoted. The article "On Heaven" explores the mystery of the universe and makes a long exposition of "Heaven is always there". The article is magnificent, beyond the reach of philosophers. Later generations called his article "enough credits, several great scholars" ("Art Outline? The outline of the text can be described as the middle theory.

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