1, and the minimum living allowance will be paid before 10 every month;

2, but some areas are distributed in the middle of each month. There are also some rural subsistence allowances paid at the end of the month. Some areas are distributed in the early, middle and late days of each month, but they are generally distributed before the end of the month. There is also a quarterly minimum living allowance, which is once every three months. It is usually distributed before the 4th of each month.

Second, the urban minimum living security system

Money paid in advance to new employees

As early as the early 1990s, China began to explore the establishment of the urban minimum living security system. By the end of September, 1999, 1638 county-level people's governments in 668 cities across the country had all established the minimum living security system. Especially after the second half of 200 1, the coverage of the urban minimum living security system has expanded rapidly and the security standard has been greatly improved due to the continuous and unprecedented investment of the central government and local governments at all levels.

By the end of September, 2006, the number of urban residents in China had reached more than 22.27 million, and the per capita monthly security standard was 162 yuan. Difference of per capita subsidy from June to September in 76 yuan. It should be said that after more than ten years of efforts, China's urban minimum living security system has basically covered all urban residents, and the eligible urban poor have basically been guaranteed.

Rural minimum living security system

In fact, China's exploration of rural minimum living security system is earlier than that of cities. However, due to the influence of traditional rural collective welfare thought and rural tax and fee reform, the construction of this system has been progressing slowly. In 2003, after a major breakthrough in the urban subsistence allowance system, the Ministry of Civil Affairs began to redeploy the rural subsistence allowance system. One of the important measures is that, on the basis of finding out the base number of rural poor households, it is decided to establish a relief system for rural poor households in areas where the rural minimum living security system has not been carried out, thus forming a situation of "two tracks parallel" between the rural minimum living security system and the rural poor households relief system in the vast rural areas of China. It is precisely because of this innovative institutional arrangement that it has laid a solid foundation for the smooth realization of the goal of "universal minimum living security".

Since the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, especially after the establishment of the two strategic goals of building a harmonious socialist society and building a new socialist countryside, the enthusiasm of local governments has been generally mobilized, and the pace of building a rural minimum living security system has been significantly accelerated. Before 2004, only three municipalities directly under the Central Government, namely Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai, and two provinces, namely Zhejiang and Guangdong, established and maintained the rural minimum living security system for a long time.

After 2004, the development trend has changed obviously. In that year, Fujian, Liaoning and Jiangsu provinces issued relevant documents, and the number of counties (cities, districts) that established the rural minimum living security system reached 1206; In 2005, Jilin, Sichuan, Hebei, Shaanxi and Hainan provinces were added, and the total number of counties (cities, districts) that established this system increased to1534; Before 2006 1 1 month, nine provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) including Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Shanxi, Henan, Jiangxi, Gansu, Hunan and Chongqing joined the ranks of "construction", and the number of counties (cities and districts) that established the rural minimum living security system reached1month. At present, 22 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government have issued policy documents for the comprehensive establishment and implementation of the rural minimum living security system. The number of people enjoying rural subsistence allowances has reached12.62 million, and the monthly per capita security standard is above 70 yuan. 1 By September, the per capita subsidy difference was 4 1 yuan, and the rural subsistence allowance expenditure reached 200 1 0.

2020- 1 1-23 Ministry of Civil Affairs: 20.04 million poor people are included in the subsistence allowance or government support.

2020- 1 1-23 CCTV News: the State Council Press Office held a press conference today (23rd). Tang Chengpei, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, said that "bottom-to-bottom guarantee" is an important part of winning the battle against poverty and an institutional arrangement. Through the joint efforts of all parties, the work of ensuring the bottom has achieved decisive results.

At present, there are 20.04 million poverty-stricken people in China, including low-income population18.52 million and special care population1520,000. Since poverty alleviation, the rural minimum living standard has been greatly improved, from 365,438+077.6 yuan in 2065,438+05 to 58,465,438+0.7 yuan in the third quarter of 2020. Starting from 20 17, the rural minimum living standard of all cities and counties in China has reached or exceeded the national income standard for poverty alleviation, ensuring that the poor people have enough to eat and wear. This year, the rural minimum living standard of all provinces in China has exceeded the poverty alleviation income standard. The living allowance system for the disabled with difficulties and the nursing allowance system for the severely disabled benefit115300 people with difficulties and14300 severely disabled people respectively. Children's supervisors and directors have achieved full coverage, and more poor children have enjoyed caring services. Source: CCTV pays attention to Hebei News Network and understands the latest news in Hebei.

The central and western regions are the main battlefields for the construction of the rural minimum living security system.

At present, there are 1 1 provinces (autonomous regions) in China that have not fully established the rural minimum living security system, all of which are located in the central and western regions; There are 140 1 counties (cities, districts) that have not established or have not fully established the rural subsistence allowance system, and 85% of them are in the central and western regions. It can be seen that the central and western regions will become the main battlefield for the construction of rural minimum living security system in the future.

It should be pointed out in particular that

Establish a rural minimum living security system in the central and western regions in an all-round way, instead of building tall buildings on the ground. In fact, all counties (cities, districts) in the central and western regions have established a relief system for poor rural households. As long as the existing relief system for poor rural households in the above areas is successfully transformed into the rural subsistence allowance system, the goal of "universal subsistence allowance" in China will basically be realized.

Three minimum living standards

Many places have unified the urban and rural minimum living standards.

2065438+July 2005 1 day, Beijing, Nanjing and other places realized the unification of urban and rural minimum living standards. Among them, the urban and rural minimum living standard in Beijing was uniformly adjusted to 7 10 yuan per person per month, and the urban and rural minimum living standard in Nanjing was uniformly raised to 700 yuan per person per month.

Previously, Shanghai's urban and rural minimum living standard was integrated from April 1 to 790 yuan per person per month, with the urban minimum living standard increased by 1 1.27% (previously 7 10 yuan per person per month) and the rural minimum living standard increased by 27.42% (previously 620 yuan per person per month).

At the same time, some areas are planning to realize the unification of urban and rural minimum living standards. Among them, on July 1 day, Changsha City began to try out the "Trial Measures for the Minimum Living Security of Changsha Residents", and the urban and rural minimum living standards in the pilot areas were unified as 450 yuan/month; Recently, the Guangzhou Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau has publicly solicited opinions from the public, and plans to unify the urban and rural subsistence allowances in the city into 650 yuan per person per month.

The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed to "promote the coordinated development of the urban and rural minimum living security system". In the opinion of public opinion, unifying urban and rural minimum living standards in many places is a concrete embodiment of social assistance to achieve urban-rural overall planning, which is helpful to break down the dual barriers between urban and rural areas, ensure the fairness of people's livelihood, and let more people in need enjoy the fruits of economic development.

Beijing-Shanghai urban and rural minimum living standard exceeds that of 700 yuan.

The reporter noted that since 20 15, most of the four municipalities directly under the central government and 27 provincial capitals in China have raised the urban and rural minimum living standards.

Fourth, the minimum approval process

It has become a common understanding that the establishment of rural subsistence allowances system is an important measure to implement Scientific Outlook on Development, build a harmonious socialist society and build a new socialist countryside. The problem is that the lack of a stable source of new subsistence allowances is a realistic problem that local governments in the central and western regions have to face directly, and it is also the main constraint that has not dared to take the initiative so far. As we all know, in most cases, the transition from the relief system for poor rural households to the rural subsistence allowance system requires local finance to increase investment. Because the relief system for poor rural households is similar to the traditional regular quantitative relief, local governments can adjust the number and level of their security according to their own financial flexibility to make it within the scope of government finance.

Five, but once the implementation of the rural minimum living security system, in the existing financing channels unchanged, local governments need to face the following two challenges:

The first is the pressure of capital demand brought by the increase in the number of guarantors. Different from the rural poverty relief system, the only "threshold" of the rural subsistence allowance system is that the per capita income of farmers' families is lower than the local rural subsistence allowance standard. As long as the conditions of farmers meet, the government has the responsibility and obligation to give due help. From the practice of various places, when the relief system for poor rural households is transformed into the standardized rural minimum living security system, the number of people guaranteed will increase to a certain extent, and the increase in the central and western regions may be more obvious.

The second is the pressure of capital demand brought by the improvement of safety standards. Statistics show that by the end of September, 2006, 179 1 county (city, district) had established the rural minimum living security system, and the per capita monthly security standard was 70.3 yuan. In the same period, the per capita monthly security standard of 140 1 county (city, district) in China was 4 1.2 yuan, and the former was 29. 1 yuan higher than the latter. In other words, if the poverty relief system in rural areas is to be transformed into the rural subsistence allowance system, the local government needs to increase the input of 29 yuan on average every month. This is a great pressure on the local governments in the central and western regions, whose finances are already stretched.

The key point is that the central government has not arranged the rural minimum living security funds.

The establishment of the sharing mechanism between the state and local finance is undoubtedly the institutional guarantee to realize the financial sustainability of the rural minimum living security system. However, the actual situation is that the current rural subsistence allowance system mainly adopts the financing mode of city and county finance sharing and provincial finance giving appropriate subsidies, and the central government has not arranged rural subsistence allowance funds so far.

The eastern coastal areas with good economic conditions are not a big problem, but the economically underdeveloped central and western regions, especially the national and provincial poverty-stricken counties, are under great financial pressure.

Because of this, under the situation that the society is generally concerned and the government's will is obviously strengthened, governments at all levels in the central and western regions are still afraid to rashly promote the work of rural subsistence allowances, which makes it difficult to make a substantive breakthrough in the construction of rural subsistence allowances in these areas.

Preliminary estimation of the amount of new funds for establishing the rural minimum living security system

First of all, according to the number of rural residents and the level of security, we can calculate the amount of funds needed to fully establish the rural minimum living security system. Judging from the countries and regions that have implemented rural social assistance, its coverage is generally maintained between 3% and 5%. Based on this calculation, among the 750 million rural residents in China, there are about 225-375 million poor people who may need assistance. A large number of empirical studies show that in rural areas of China, the appropriate level of security is generally between 30-40 yuan per person per month.

From this, we can get two groups of funds needed to establish the rural minimum living security system in an all-round way, that is, according to the average 30 yuan per person per month, 22.5 million rural poor people need 865.438 billion yuan each year, and 37.5 million rural poor people need 654.38 billion yuan each year; According to the average 40 yuan per person per month, 22.5 million rural poor people need 654.38+008 billion yuan every year, and 37.5 million rural poor people need 654.38+08 billion yuan every year.

Secondly, according to the latest data released by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, we can know the actual expenditure of rural subsistence allowances and rural poverty relief in 2006. According to the data, during the period of 1- 10 in 2006, the national rural subsistence allowance expenditure was 2.85 billion yuan, and the rural poverty alleviation expenditure was/kloc-0.60 billion yuan, totaling 3.9/kloc-0.0 billion yuan. It is estimated that by the end of 2006, the expenditure on rural subsistence allowances and rural poverty alleviation in China may exceed 4 billion yuan. Finally, the actual expenditure is deducted from the amount of funds needed for the comprehensive establishment of the rural minimum living security system, which is the amount of new rural minimum living security funds in that year.

Taking 2006 as a benchmark, the results are as follows: if the 30 yuan per person per month is calculated, 22.5 million rural poor people need to increase their funds by 465.438 billion yuan, and 37.5 million rural poor people need to increase their funds by 9.5 billion yuan; According to the 40 yuan per person per month, 22.5 million rural poor people need to increase their funds by 6.8 billion yuan, and 37.5 million rural poor people need to increase their funds by 654.38+04 billion yuan. That is to say, if the central government invests 465.438 billion yuan and 9.5 billion yuan, 22.5 million rural poor people and 37.5 million rural poor people will receive the 30 yuan minimum living allowance every month; If the central government invests 6.8 billion yuan and 654.38+04 billion yuan, 22.5 million rural poor people and 37.5 million rural poor people will receive the minimum living allowance in 50 yuan every month.

Legal basis:

Regulations on Minimum Living Security for Urban Residents

Article 7 To apply for the minimum living allowance for urban residents, the head of household shall submit a written application to the subdistrict office or the town people's government where the household registration is located, issue relevant certification materials, and fill in the Approval Form for the Minimum Living Allowance for Urban Residents. The minimum living allowance for urban residents shall be audited by the neighborhood office or the town people's government, and the relevant materials and preliminary examination opinions shall be reported to the civil affairs department of the people's government at the county level for approval.

When examining and approving the minimum living allowance for urban residents, the administrative examination and approval authorities can investigate and verify the applicant's family economic situation and actual living standard through household surveys, neighborhood visits and correspondence. The applicant and the relevant units, organizations or individuals shall accept the investigation and truthfully provide relevant information.

Article 8 Upon examination, the civil affairs department of the people's government at the county level shall, according to the following different situations, approve families that meet the conditions of enjoying the minimum living allowance for urban residents:

(a) for urban residents who have no source of income, no ability to work, and can't decide their dependents, dependents or dependents, they shall enjoy them in full according to the local minimum living guarantee standard for urban residents;

(two) for urban residents who still have a certain income, they are allowed to enjoy it according to the difference between the per capita income of the family and the local minimum living standard for urban residents.

Upon examination, the civil affairs department of the people's government at the county level shall notify the applicant in writing and explain the reasons if it does not meet the conditions for enjoying the minimum living guarantee for urban residents.

The administrative examination and approval authority shall complete the examination and approval procedures within 30 days from the date of receiving the applicant's application.

The minimum living guarantee for urban residents shall be paid monthly by the administrative examination and approval authority in the form of currency; When necessary, you can also pay in kind.

Ninth approved to enjoy the minimum living allowance for urban residents, urban residents, by the administrative examination and approval authorities in an appropriate form of door-to-door announcement, accept the supervision of the masses. Who do not meet the statutory conditions to enjoy the minimum living allowance for urban residents, have the right to put forward opinions to the administrative examination and approval authority; After verification, the situation is true, and the administrative examination and approval authority shall correct it.