? Get up early, and recite aloud "Mencius. Gaozi Zhang Sentences Up and Down". Among them, Bai Gui said, "I want to choose one from twenty, so what?" This formulation is quite touching. In fact, Bai Gui is just testing Mencius' reaction. Compared with the tax mode of "one out of ten" in the Yao and Shun era, "one out of twenty" is even lower! The tax collection is too high for the common people to bear, and the tax collection is too low for the state machine to maintain. Although Mencius loved the people, it was also an analysis of seeking truth from facts. The tax of one out of 2 was only suitable for the undeveloped primitive and backward small country. In an advanced and civilized country like the Central Plains, there are ancestral temples, sacrifices and a complete bureaucratic system. It is impossible to maintain a little tax, because the management cost is here, at least according to the tax ratio of "one out of ten". Therefore, the more primitive the country, the lower the management cost, and the more civilized the country, the higher the machine management cost.

the original text is as follows:

? Bai Gui said, "I want to choose one from twenty, so what?"

Mencius said, "The way of the son is to deceive the Tao. A country of ten thousand rooms, one person pottery, can it be? "

said, "No, the utensils are not enough."

yue: "husband, the grain is not born, but the millet is born. There are no battlements, palaces, ancestral temples and sacrificial ceremonies, no princes' coins, and no officials, so one out of twenty is enough. How can you live in China today, without human relations and a gentleman? Tao is a widow, and he can't be a country. Is there no gentleman? Those who want to be lighter than the path of Yao and Shun are big and small; Those who want to be more important than the Tao of Yao and Shun are big and small. "

The general idea is:

Bai Gui said, "I want to set the tax rate at one out of twenty. How about that?"

Mencius said, "Your way is to deceive the country. A country with 1, people. How about only one person making pottery? "

Bai Gui said, "No, because pottery will not be enough."

Mencius said: "In the country of raccoon, grains can't grow, only millet can grow; There are no city walls, palaces, ancestral temples and ancestral rituals, no gifts and banquets between governors, and no various government offices and officials, so one out of twenty is enough. Nowadays, in the Central Plains countries, how can we do without social ethics and all kinds of officials? There are too few people who make pottery, and they can't make a country well, let alone have no officials. What wants to be lighter than the tax rate of Yao and Shun, which is very one-for-one, is big and small; What wants to be heavier than the tax rate of Yao and Shun, which is very one-to-one, is big and small. "

Personal opinion:

The actual situation of different countries is different, and different countries have different proportions. For example, welfare countries in Europe and America have a heavy tax burden, which has caused a social phenomenon of punishing the diligent and nurturing the lazy. As a result, the burden on the country is getting heavier and heavier, and a group of people take advantage of policy control and are lazy, so people have no enthusiasm for making money. For example, the U.S. government has an inheritance tax of up to 5% for the rich (and a tax exemption of about $5 million for American citizens, mainly taking care of the general middle class), and the highest personal income tax rate for high-income groups is as high as 39%. Although Canada and Australia have no inheritance tax, they have relatively high capital gains tax and personal income tax.

The Trump administration of the United States saw this problem. He implemented a certain tax reduction policy and found that the effect was very good. Corporate funds returned to the United States, employment increased, and the economy showed certain growth. The American economy has experienced rare growth for many years. Of course, the U.S. government spends a lot of money, which is maintained by issuing treasury bonds. Almost every year, it faces the crisis that the government machine stops or cannot operate. Fortunately, the Federal Reserve, under the control of the U.S. government, has the right to print money globally and cut wool around the world.

? On the other hand, although China has been taking tax reduction actions, due to the aging population, the huge civil servants, the heavy dependence of local governments on land finance and the huge cost of maintaining stability, once the economy goes down, some local governments have wage arrears. In a sense, the management cost of the state and society remains high, which is not suitable for large-scale tax reduction. Due to the cost, it is very difficult to really reduce taxes. In particular, the shortage of social pension and medical insurance has further stimulated enterprises to pay more social security, and the burden pressure on enterprises is generally great. Every year, the National People's Congress and the National People's Congress appeal that the personal income tax is too high and the wage earners have a heavy burden. Therefore, the tax threshold has risen from 8 yuan to 3, yuan and then to 5, yuan. On January 1, 219, the tax reduction will be tried on a family basis, mainly to take care of middle-class families who need to raise children and support the elderly. Almost every week, the national tax administration has introduced new tax clauses to fill loopholes and balance revenue and expenditure.

The general principle of taxation is to take it from the people and give it to the people. Fiscal taxation determines whether the state machinery can operate normally, and its operational efficiency indirectly affects the well-being of every citizen. Excessive taxation, heavy social burden and easy waste of tax resources; The tax revenue is too light, and the state machine can't make ends meet, so it is easy to stop grain. So it is very important to balance taxes. On the issue of taxation, we must seek truth from facts, and a reasonable and balanced taxation is very important. You can't simply cut across the board: tax more or tax less! It depends on the specific situation. Mencius was very calm at this point and looked at the problem objectively. Only in this way can we "serve our country"!

No.185 of Yu Chaolin's early reading of Mencius: Can't he be in Shanghai on November 25th, 218 for the country

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