Learning point
The method of moral education is the sum of the interactive activities between educators and educatees in the process of moral education to achieve the purpose of moral education. There are six moral education methods, each of which has its own unique characteristics, and it is necessary to deeply understand each moral education method through concepts.
1. Persuasion education method-the basic method of moral education
Persuasion education is easy to understand. Literally, teachers help students to form good moral character by putting facts, reasoning and convincing others by reasoning, and by improving students' understanding and forming correct views. The main ways of persuasion education are language persuasion and fact persuasion. For example, students have puppy love, and teachers use immature fruits to describe the influence of puppy love, so as to improve students' understanding and treat puppy love correctly.
2. Model law
Ways to influence students' thoughts, emotions and behaviors with the noble thoughts, exemplary behaviors and outstanding achievements of role models. It should be noted that the model must be positive and concrete, which can be parents, teachers, classmates, heroes, revolutionary leaders, great historical figures and literary images. The model demonstration method emphasizes that students learn from examples and improve their moral cultivation. For example, Xiao Ming can't find money, and the teacher asks the whole class to follow Xiao Ming's example.
3. Practical activity method
Teachers guide students to participate in various practical activities and form certain moral quality and behavior habits. The method of practical activities emphasizes the cultivation of students' integration of knowledge and practice in moral education, so that students can get exercise in practical activities and improve their moral level. For example, in Tomb-Sweeping Day, the school organizes students to visit the graves in the Martyrs Cemetery, which is a practical activity for students to cherish today's happy life and study hard.
4. Emotional cultivation method (cultivation education method)
Emotional edification refers to the method that teachers use noble emotions, beautiful things and beautiful environment to infect and edify students. Emotional cultivation emphasizes the subtle influence on the educated, so that the educated can gradually improve their understanding and emotion. It is characterized by "educating students silently and quietly". Emotional cultivation includes personality edification, environmental cultivation and artistic cultivation. For example, portraits and famous sayings of scientists, artists, writers and great men are hung on the walls of the campus, which is to use the environment to infect students.
Looking at the real questions of teacher qualification examination in recent years, the frequency of emotional edification is very high, so it is necessary to review them when preparing for the exam.
5. Moral cultivation method (moral guidance method, self-directed cultivation method, personal cultivation method)
Teachers guide students to consciously study and reflect, and realize ideological transformation and behavior control. The emphasis of moral cultivation method is to emphasize self-education and self-restraint. For example, encourage students to motivate themselves by writing school mottos.
6. Moral evaluation method (reward and punishment method)
Through the positive or negative evaluation of students' moral character, we can motivate or restrain them and promote the healthy formation and development of their moral character. It includes reward, punishment, assessment and behavior evaluation. Moral evaluation method emphasizes that students show good behavior and maintain it through reward and praise; Students who show negative behavior or make mistakes can be restrained by negative criticism or even punishment, but it should be noted that corporal punishment is not allowed. For example, I can't find money. The teacher praised Xiao Ming at the class meeting and posted Xiao Ming's name on the star wall as a reward.
Presentation of real questions
In the first half of 20 18, President Zhang paid special attention to the construction of school culture and put forward that "every wall of the school should speak" to promote the development of students' moral character. The moral education method emphasized by President Zhang is ().
A. Molding method B. Model method C. Practice method D. Persuasion method
Answer A. Analysis: "Let every wall of the school talk" means that the principal wants to use the environment to infect and edify students, which belongs to the emotional cultivation method.
20 17 in the second half of the year, some students lost 30 yuan's lucky money in class. How to solve this problem? By telling the story of "offer a humble apology", Mr. Wang taught the students who received the money to be like General Lian Po, and correct their mistakes when they knew them. Soon, the wrong classmate secretly returned the money to the owner. Teacher Wang's moral education method is ().
A. example method B. moral evaluation method C. practical exercise method D. personal cultivation method
Answer A. Analysis: Teacher Wang uses Lian Po's noble thoughts and exemplary behaviors to influence the thoughts and behaviors of students who make mistakes, so that the students who make mistakes can be corrected.
After accepting a new class in the first half of 20 16, the head teacher, Mr. Li, first used blackboard newspapers, walls and other media to publicize public opinion, set up a good class atmosphere, and at the same time influenced students with sincere love to urge them to be positive. After a semester, the style of study in the class has taken on a new look. The main moral education method adopted by Miss Li is ().
A. Personal cultivation method B. Model demonstration method C. Practical exercise method D. Emotional cultivation method
Answer D. Analysis: Teacher Li uses blackboard newspapers, walls, etc. Doing public opinion propaganda, establishing class spirit and influencing students with sincere love is a method of emotional edification.
In the second half of 20 15, in her work, Teacher Zhang paid attention to touching and influencing students with her noble moral character, charisma, deep expectations and sincere love for students, and urged them to change their minds. This moral education method is ()
A. practical exercise method B. moral evaluation method C. personal cultivation method D. emotional cultivation method
Answer D. Analysis: Teacher Zhang touched and influenced students with his noble moral character, personality charm, expectation and sincere love. It is an emotional cultivation method to cultivate and infect students with personality charm.