When I wake up every morning,

Is it really you who is sleepy in the mirror?

Do you have an inexplicable sense of emptiness?

Are the facts you know true?

Everything will be revealed slowly ...

A Alice in Wonderland

In 186, when the English writer Lewis? With Carol's imaginative brushstrokes, the curious Alice falls into a graceful and magical dream world in the process of chasing rabbits. In 1999, in The Matrix by the Wachowski brothers, Neo, who suspected that there was something wrong with the world, followed a sexy girl with a tattoo of a white rabbit to the underground Rave Party, and since then, he has been out of control and walked into the real desert.

baudrillard

in the first episode, a computer punk brings his little white rabbit girlfriend to Neo's house to make a deal, and Neo takes out a disc of illegal software from a hollowed-out book-note that the hollowed-out book is Baudrillard's masterpiece "Imitation and Simulation". This is the first time that we can see Baudrillard's influence on The Matrix. And Murphy's famous line "Welcome to the real desert" comes directly from the second paragraph of the first page of the first chapter of the book.

excuse me? Baudrillard, a French thinker, is also a post-modern "super" theorist with the most distinctive flag and the most obscure works. Since 198s, his works have been widely translated into English, and Xuan quickly established his position as a "spiritual mentor of post-modern theory". Compared with Foucault and Deleuze, Baudrillard's research and thinking on consumer society, contemporary art, social form and transformation are undoubtedly more in-depth and enlightening, and the elephant society was put forward by him. His theory has a very in-depth study of images and is even more inspiring to photography. Look at these famous sayings: "Knock down all the assumptions that there is a real world", "In a world where the cart before the horse is completely put, right is just a wrong action" and "beyond a certain moment, history is no longer true, and before you know it, all mankind has left the truth behind. From that moment on, everything that happened is no longer true ... ""Today, the whole system is swaying in uncertainty, and all reality is swallowed up by the surreal simulation of symbols. Nowadays, it is no longer the realistic principle that controls social life, but the simulated reality. The purpose has disappeared, and we are now shaped by various models. "

C Cyberpunk

The term Cyberpunk/cyberspace originated from a novel about neural computer networks by science fiction writer William Gibson, The Neurorover (detailed in N below). In this sensational novel, Gibson first invented the term Cyberspace: "Cyberspace, which is operated by hundreds of millions of people. An incredibly complex composition. " In addition to Gibson, there are also a group of hard science fiction writers in the 198s, such as Bruce Sterling.

Cyberpunk's creed is: freedom of information, practice, dispersion and leading. Information needs and should be open to all, and used/controlled by all. Cyberpunk is also a way of seeing the world. They are addicted to high-tech tools and despise people for using them in the traditional way. Cyberpuck is an anarchist, they are eternal anti-authoritarians, and they are ideological bombs buried in culture.

throughout the history of Cyberpunk, Prometheus is a model of cyberpunk in the conservative western world. Then Quetzalcoatl, the Quetzalcoatl of the ancient Aztec envelope in Mexico, then the freelancer, the madman ... until the hackers in The Matrix.

D Descartes

One of the founders of modern European philosophy. Descartes, a great philosopher of science, tried to establish a solid methodological foundation for science. His masterpiece Meditations is actually "meditation on the first philosophy". Descartes paid attention to the precision of thinking, and didn't trust perceptual experience. He believed that only rational thinking was reliable. He started from suspecting the existence of everything, swept away his own prejudices, sought a most reliable proposition as a starting point, and then made inferences. Descartes went further into the field of mathematics, but he found that even mathematics could not be trusted. What if there was a "vicious devil" behind it, disturbing his mind? He found that the most reliable fact was that he was doubting himself; Therefore, there is no doubt about the existence of the mind, while the existence of the body must be inferred. So there is the famous saying: "I think, therefore I am." (The spoon doesn't exist) "

He thinks that there are two origins of ideas, one is from perceptual experience, and the other is from natural ideas. He pays more attention to the concept of talent. He thinks that concepts such as self, God, time, space, perfection, infinity and geometric axioms are only gifted (obviously, the unremitting search for existence/truth is also the gifted concept of hackers).

Descartes also put forward the famous theory of mind-body sympathy, that is, the physical body and the immaterial heart can influence each other.

remember Neo's doubts in hacker? "What if I die there?" "When the soul dies, the body will cease to exist."

E existentialism

Now, suppose it is not Neo who gets the red pill and the blue pill, but Jean? Paul? Sartre, Albert? Camus, Martin? Heidegger, then how will they choose? Obviously, these three existentialist masters will not hesitate to choose to leave matrix and enter the real desert. It may be painful there, but it restores the truth of existence after all.

according to Sartre's view, Neo before awakening is only en-soi (a self-sufficient existence, such as a table), and after awakening, it becomes pour-soi (especially the existence of self-awareness, that is, people), who can be responsible for their own choices and existence.

Existentialism pursues absolute freedom, ultimate liberation and free choice. Showing alienation and absurdity, accusing/rebelling against all traditional habits, only when we are completely convinced of the misery and meaninglessness of all earthly existence can we see through a prospect that rises from the ruins and leads to the salvation of the kingdom. The sense of disillusionment, absurdity, hopelessness and nothingness is a process of atonement, just like the pain before the arrival of "Messiah". Whether God exists or not is not the real problem. What people need is to rediscover themselves. The so-called "existence precedes essence" means that man exists first and suffers various twists and turns in this world before he can define himself-this is simply Neo's awakening experience.

F fetishism

Among the many doctrines derived from The Matrix, fetishism, a traditional sexual deviation, has further evolved into a consumer digital fetish-especially when hypermedia replaces hypertext and virtual reality replaces traditional space, it is enough to discover a lot of fun in the film. Especially the infinitely fascinating bullet time: long-term/multi-angle detention and nostalgia on an object, a certain part, or a certain action. This corresponds to Freud's concept of fetishism: the object of fetishism is actually not a commodity, but the subject's unwillingness to move.

Gnosticism

A school of Christianity in the early days, which respected certain spiritual intuition and contained philosophy of West Asia and East Asia, and was once regarded as a cult. Gnostic's worldview is dualistic; There are two gods in the universe, one is good and the other is evil. The most high God created a series of spiritual bodies, all of which were divine radiation. The universe was created by a lower "creator". Matter is evil; The soul must be freed from the body, and an angel must be sent to the world from the kingdom of light (Christ). Christ may be an angel and a phantom spirit; May also be a mortal, temporarily gain higher power. To be saved, people must receive secret rituals and get higher "knowledge". Some people advocate penance in ethics, but others think that physical behavior does not affect salvation, so they do not prohibit lust and lead a dissolute life.

H hedonism

Cypher in the first episode of Hacker is a typical hedonist, who betrayed the hacker organization for sensory satisfaction (a conversation with agent Smith in a virtual restaurant).

As early as Socrates/Epicurus' time, the "pleasure-only principle" of life was established in philosophy. Happiness is an innate thing and the ultimate goal of life. Even if someone or a group deviates from this principle actively or passively in a specific time, the purpose is still to pursue the ultimate happiness. Therefore, the pursuit of happiness and avoidance of pain are the two major prescribed actions in life, which are self-evident without teaching. "Hedonism", which few people would advocate theoretically, has now captured a large area of our lives with consumerism. The enjoyment of science and technology combined with new scientific and technological achievements, even though the current popular trend of consumer culture.

in fact, we are immersed in the internet every day. Isn't it Cypher's dream steak?

I Ideal Forms

In Plato's view, Ideal Forms is the highest level of reality. Empirical reality is the least reliable.

Plato has a famous fable about the perfect image (ideal form). In this fable, Plato has a famous "cave" fable. In this fable, Plato assumes that a group of people "live in a cave with a long tunnel leading to the outside, which is as wide as the inside of the cave." They have been here since childhood, and their legs and necks are locked, so they are in the same place. Because you can't look back when you are locked, you can only see what is in front of you. There is a fire burning at a distance from them. Between the fire and the prisoner, there is a road higher than the two, and a low wall is built along this road, just like the curtain across the puppet show. " People walking along the wall outside "carry all kinds of tools higher than the wall, statues of animals or people made of wood, stones and various materials. Some people carrying things are talking, while others are silent." "Because they (cave people) can't move or turn back all their lives, the shadow projected in front of them by the outside world becomes the only truth they can see. When people passing by talk, people in caves will mistakenly think that the sound is coming from the shadow moving in front of them. " Prisoners are completely deprived of any possibility of freedom. They can only face the empty stone wall. The shadow on the wall is the only world they may have, and the function of this fantasy makes them no longer able to identify the truth.

and the human battery living in the matrix is actually the future version of the cave fable. Furthermore, the audience watching The Matrix are not another group of prisoners in the cave.

J Jesus

the moral is obvious. First of all, Neo, whose name is the reverse of the English word One, also means "new". He woke up in the "machine pod" of matrix and was baptized on the boat of Nebuchadnezzar (from the Bible, Nebuchadnezzar II, king of Babylon, who captured Jerusalem and built a hanging garden). In the first episode, Neo dies first, and then is killed by Trinity；; Father, son and holy spirit wake up with a kiss. The messianic symbol of the Zionist Savior fills the film.

K Kant

In fact, the prefix should be given to "kungfu"-China Kung Fu

If the same choice of red and blue pills is made, Kant's starting point will be different from that of existentialism-not to enter the real desert, but to make a moral choice and pursue "the Highest Good".

Kant's theory of self-consciousness is the most influential theory in the history of European thought, which irreversibly determines the development path of European thought: firstly, it is the driving force for the establishment of systems of idealistic thinkers such as Fichte, Schelling and Hegel. In his critical system, there is a grand principle of subjectivity, that is, subjective initiative is the fundamental condition of scientific epistemology. He advocates the philosophical method of analysis and criticism, distinguishes knowledge from belief, advocates the moral conscience of freedom and self-discipline, and promotes the ideal of a world of great harmony. The most enlightening of his works is Critique of Pure Theory, in which Kant puts the need of God's existence in the moral field, that is to say, although we can't prove the existence of God, this "supreme goodness" is the basis of all moral ethics. This kind of indirect self-confirmation is somewhat like Morpheus's persistent belief that ——Neo must be the savior, otherwise everything will be meaningless.

famous saying: "Every individual experience is just a part of the whole range in the field of experience; And the absolute whole of all possible experiences is not an experience in itself. "

L Lacan

Jacques? Lacan is the most important philosopher in France since Descartes. In Europe, he is also the most creative and influential thinker since Nietzsche and Freud.

Lacan put forward the famous theory of "mirror stage" when investigating the subject form. Lacan believes that children aged six to eighteen months use the identity reflected in the mirror to confirm their image. This made him gradually get rid of the "fragmented body" and gain the basic unity of his identity. Before the mirror stage, the child only regarded his body as a pile of broken objects, and he even had fear of this incomplete body. At this time, children can't know the integrity of the body through self-perception, such as sense of time, sense of space, movement, etc. Only the mirror image of themselves can provide a structural whole for the subject. Of course, many times, Lacan's mirror image is just a symbol-a symbol that lies outside the subject and gives it a position at the same time.

the meaning of "mirror stage" is to define yourself clearly. Please refer to the paragraph in the first episode of the hacker where Neo reached out and touched the mirror to stick the metal liquid (he saw the distorted self in the mirror). In the second episode, Agent Smith finally got rid of the control of matrix and became a truly independent individual, which was also the role of the "mirror stage".

M Marx

Perhaps Morpheus (English name is the god of sleep in Greek mythology) in Hacker 2. Being in charge of dreams and distinguishing dreams from reality by drinking different water have the same effect as red pills and blue pills in movies.) You should refer to Marx's Manifesto of the Productive Party: "Up to now, the history of all societies is the history of class struggle. Freemen and slaves, nobles and civilians, lords and serfs, guild masters and helpers, in a word, oppressors and oppressed are always in opposing positions, fighting constantly, sometimes hidden and sometimes open, and