Both Confucius and Mencius believed that the relationship between monarch and minister was relative, not absolute. Every monarch and minister has his own duties. Confucius' so-called "Jun Jun, a minister" (Yan Yuan) also said: "The monarch and the minister are loyal." (Bashu) Ministers' loyalty to you is based on the ceremony of the monarch and the minister. You treat the minister with courtesy in exchange for your loyalty. It is not easy for a monarch and a minister to do their duty. So Luz asked how to serve the monarch, and Confucius replied, "Don't bully others, but commit crimes." (Xianwen) When I am loyal to the monarch, I am ashamed and remonstrated.

Mencius further said: "The monarch regards the minister as a brother and sister, while the minister regards the minister as his confidant." If you treat me like a dog or a horse, I will treat you like a Chinese. Your minister is like dirt, so I regard you as my enemy. "(Li Lou) Mencius is extremely opposed to my unprincipled collusion or flattery with you. He said: "The evil of a long monarch is small, but the evil of a monarch is great." Mencius believes that it is a sin for subordinates to help the monarch do bad things. He even said. It is related to his thought of "the people are wise to the monarch". Mencius straightened out the relationship between monarch and minister from the interests of the people. Mencius believed that the power of the monarch was endowed by the people. He said: "If you lose the world, you lose the people. "He who loses his people loses his heart. He has a saying in the world: if you get the man, you get the world. He won the hearts of the people, and he also won the people. He won the hearts of the people, he won the hearts of the people: he wants to be with them, and he does not do evil. " (Li Lou I) Mencius lived in an era when slavery collapsed and feudalism flourished, and the social status of the people was unprecedentedly improved. Meanwhile, in Chu Shi,