Wang Guowei has a famous saying that is often quoted by the world: the success of great undertakings in ancient and modern times must go through three realms. "Last night, the west wind carved green trees, standing alone in a tall building and looking at the horizon. This is the first scene; I don't regret that my belt is getting wider and wider, which makes people haggard for Iraq. This is the second scene. Everyone searched for him for thousands of times and suddenly looked back. The man was in the dim light. This was the third scene. " The first scene is about having self-confidence, and "going up a tall building alone" requires self-confidence; The second scene is about determination, and "never regret" is really the greatest determination. The third scene is about perseverance, "looking for him in the crowd." Without perseverance, how can it be achieved?
The ancients said: "Everything is established in advance, and it will be abolished if it is not reached." Whether two students with the same intelligence have a study plan directly affects the learning effect. It is an important principle of scientific learning method to use time scientifically and study in a planned way within a limited time. Therefore, the lack of planning in learning is one of the main reasons why it is difficult to improve grades.
To improve learning efficiency, change passive learning into active learning, and be the master of learning, we must grasp several steps:
The first step is to preview before class.
In the process of preview, while reading, thinking, writing, sketching properly, and writing some comments on the book. After reading the book, it is best to close the textbook and recall independently, check the effect of preview in time and strengthen the memory. At the same time, we can get a preliminary understanding of the basic content and ideas of the textbook, find out the key points and problems that we don't understand, and try to take notes, taking preview notes as the basis of class notes.
Sun Tzu, an ancient military strategist in China, famously said, "Know yourself and know yourself, and you will win every battle." This means that after you have a full understanding of yourself and your opponent, you can be fully prepared and you can defeat the enemy. Preview is the preparation of "knowing yourself and yourself", just like the gunfire of a race. Although it is not allowed in the rules of running, there is no such rule in learning, which is not only allowed but also encouraged. Doing a good job in preview learning is to go ahead and make learning change from passive to active.
In short, preview is self-study before class, that is, before the teacher gives a lecture, he learns the new lesson independently, so that he can have a preliminary understanding and mastery of the new lesson. A solid mastery of preview can greatly improve learning efficiency.
The second step is to master the correct listening methods. Handle the relationship between attending class and taking notes, attach importance to classroom discussion, and constantly improve classroom learning effect.
Students must have a good class and listen carefully. First of all, they should be prepared before class, including psychological preparation, intellectual preparation, material preparation and physical preparation. Secondly, we should concentrate on listening, enter the learning state as soon as possible, participate in all learning activities in the classroom, and always concentrate; Third, we should learn to think scientifically, pay attention to understanding, don't just recite conclusions, find out the ideas of teaching materials and the order of teachers' lectures in time, be brave in setting doubts, express our opinions and be good at verifying answers from multiple angles; Fourth, students should make all kinds of marks and comments in time and take notes selectively.
Class is the basic form of students' study at school, and students spend most of their time in class. According to the provisions of the syllabus, the total class hours of a student in a middle school are about 20000. What an amazing amount of time it will be to accumulate forty-five minutes in each class! The quality of academic performance depends on many factors, but how to treat each class is the key. To achieve better results, first of all, we should use the 45 minutes of class to improve the efficiency of class.
In class, we should do the following four things:
1, listen to the class with questions;
2. Grasp the thinking and organization of the teacher's lecture;
3. Develop the habit of listening, thinking, summarizing and remembering, and try to digest and consolidate knowledge in class;
4. Actively answer the teacher's questions.
In this way, I basically mastered the requirements of class.
The third step is to review in time after class. According to the characteristics of different disciplines, we should take various ways to review, so as to truly solve problems and consolidate and improve.
After class, review the textbooks and master the basic contents and knowledge points; Try to recall, independently recall the contents of the teacher's class, and form a good habit of thinking hard; At the same time, organize notes and processes to supplement knowledge; Read reference books after class, so that the mastery of knowledge will develop in depth and breadth, forming a virtuous circle of learning.
Review is the continuation of preview and class, which will complete the unfinished tasks of preview and class, that is, to realize a profound understanding and mastery of knowledge in the review process, to improve the application skills in the process of understanding and mastering knowledge, and then to make knowledge comprehensive and extrapolated in the process of applying knowledge, and to realize systematization through induction and collation, so that knowledge can be truly digested and absorbed and become an organic part of its own knowledge chain. In the review process, it not only mobilized the brain's activities, but also improved the ability to analyze and solve problems, and the knowledge was consolidated on the basis of understanding. In a sense, the mastery of knowledge depends on the review effect.
The fourth step is to treat homework correctly. Think independently, do homework carefully and improve understanding. This is the correct attitude of students towards homework.
First of all, we should be prepared for homework and link preview, class and after-class review; Secondly, we should carefully examine the questions and be good at analyzing and decomposing the homework questions; Third, clarify the problem-solving ideas, express them accurately, and finish the homework independently; Fourth, we should learn to check and master the methods of self-correcting homework in various disciplines.
Tolstoy said: "Only knowledge acquired through positive thinking is real knowledge." No matter what course you study, what the teacher says in class, what is written in the notebook, what you read after class and so on. , is the knowledge in books. If you want to turn them into your own knowledge and use them freely, you must do it through homework practice.
Why on earth are you doing your homework? The main functions of the job are:
1, check the learning effect;
2. Deepen the understanding and memory of knowledge;
3. Improve thinking ability;
4. Accumulate review materials;
In homework, "reviewing questions" is very important. How to review the questions?
1, depending on (understanding) accuracy. A penny for a penny is a thousand miles away.
2. Good at anatomy. Deeply understand the meaning.
3. Grasp the contact. Analyze it with relevant knowledge.
The fifth step is to study after class.
We should gradually master the scientific learning rules, including laying a good foundation, step by step, reviewing the old and learning the new; Do a good job in extracurricular study, including active reading after class and participating in extracurricular practical activities; It is necessary to master correct extracurricular learning methods, such as extensive reading, intensive reading and deep thinking; We should master the requirements of reading, such as the combination of reading and thinking, the combination of learning and use, gradual accumulation, perseverance and so on.
Extracurricular learning can effectively link the knowledge learned in class with social production practice and life practice, help students deepen their understanding of the knowledge learned in class, broaden their horizons of cultural and scientific knowledge, broaden their thinking, stimulate their desire for knowledge and interest in learning, cultivate their self-study ability and habits, and increase their working ability. This is what is often said: "lay the foundation in class and produce talents outside class."
In short, we should do a good job in pre-class preparation, learn about learning methods in class, consolidate learning methods after class, use skills after class, constantly sum up and optimize learning methods, and strive to explore learning methods suitable for our own personality, so as to lay a solid foundation for cultivating creative talents.