The thought of benevolent government, labor and hard work. In Mencius’ ideological system of “benevolent government”, social division of labor also plays a very important role. "Teng Wengong Zhang Jushang" records a debate between Mencius and the peasant scholar Xu Xing. Xu Xing believes that everyone should support themselves, including the king. Mencius fiercely criticized his idea and believed that society should have a reasonable division of labor, that is, "those who work hard govern others, and those who work hard govern others." Mencius's criticism was obviously correct and powerful. He emphasized the importance of social division of labor by criticizing the inherent contradictions of Xu Xing's theory. These discussions by Mencius are the first relatively comprehensive theory on the rationality and necessity of social division of labor in Chinese history, and are of great historical significance. Regarding the value of mental labor and physical labor, Mencius also gave corresponding explanations. In "Teng Wen Gong Zhang Sen Xia", Mencius pointed out that scholars serve society by practicing Taoism, and their "getting food" is as reasonable as farmers farming land, women weaving, and craftsmen making utensils. This is just mental labor and The division of physical labor is just different. It can be seen from this that social division of labor is also a very important aspect of Mencius’ thought of “benevolent government”. 2. Rites and Music Education Mencius strongly recognized the importance of “rituals and music” and emphasized the important role of education. "Jinxin Chapter Sentences" says: "Benevolent words are not as profound as those with benevolent voices, and good government is not as popular as good teaching. Good government is feared by the people; good teaching is loved by the people. Good government wins the people's wealth, and good teaching wins the people's hearts." It can be seen that. Mencius advocated using the "sound of benevolence", that is, beautiful music, to influence the people, and using "good teaching", that is, the education of benevolence, to educate the people. Only in this way can the people be harmonious and happy, and thus gain the "popular support" and rule the world. Mencius also believed that school education was of great significance to the people. It can be seen from the relevant contents in "Tengwen Gong Zhangju" and "Liang Huiwang Zhangju" that Mencius placed great emphasis on education and believed that people should not only have enough food and clothing, but also understand human relations, filial piety and brotherhood, so that society can be orderly. , so as not to cause confusion. Source: Appreciation of Masterpieces·Academic Edition