It is not that Japan has no chance of winning. The main reason is that there is something wrong with the mentality of the Japanese people. The typical "want to win but fear of losing", the result is "unable to advance or retreat", and finally ended up in a "complete defeat". ?

1. Japan has a psychological barrier against the United States. It hopes to win with one blow and does not dare to fight a protracted war

In the first half of the 19th century, Japan was still on its own island. Playing his own shogunate politics, the emperor pitifully had no power at all. In July 1853 (the sixth year of Kayei), things changed. General Perry, commander of the American East India Fleet, came to Japan with four frigates painted black and had wooden hulls. He threatened the shogunate with force and asked them to open the shogunate. National gate. In fact, old capitalist countries such as the United Kingdom, the United States, and Spain were like this at the beginning. Using force to intimidate small countries and occupy the market was actually an act of piracy. The Japanese at that time had never seen this before, and they were so frightened that they hurriedly gave away things to fool the Americans into leaving. But when Perry left, he said: I will come back next year.

On February 13, 1854 (the seventh year of Kayei), Perry came again. This time it was seven frigates with dark exterior paint. They sailed into Tokyo Bay. There was no other way but to sign the "Japan-US Goodwill Treaty" with the United States. The United States cannot monopolize the benefits, so Britain, Russia, and the Netherlands all came and signed treaties, and Japan's door was opened. Because the American warship was black, it was called the "Black Ship Incident". The powerless emperor and the dignitaries who opposed the shogunate launched the "Overthrow Movement" in the name of saving the country, ending Japan's long-term shogunate system. Japan also began reforms and gradually entered industrialization. ?

Japan entered industrialization through the Meiji Restoration, and its national strength developed. The conflict with the United States in the Pacific became prominent. So in order to beat Japan, the United States organized 16 battleships stationed in the Atlantic Ocean and traveled around the world. Sailing and visiting Japan, it was said to be a visit, but in fact it was a show of force, which left a deep impression on Japan. This black and white fleet has become what the United States looks like in Japan's mind. Later, the commander of Japan's Combined Navy Fleet, Yamamoto Isoroku, had served as a military attache in the United States and knew that the United States had a strong industrial base. He asserted that if Japan could not defeat the United States as quickly as possible in the early stages of the war and conclude peace quickly, Japan would be defeated over time. Therefore, Japan has some psychological barriers to the United States. The principle they implement is: try their best to defeat the United States from the beginning, and then negotiate. They cannot delay, otherwise they will lose if they delay for too long. ?

2. Empiricism and luck made Japan’s naval battles confusing.

In the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894, Japan defeated the Qing Empire and gained victory. Huge benefits; in the Battle of Tsushima in 1905, Japan annihilated the powerful Tsarist Russian fleet and forced Russia to sign a treaty with it; during World War I, it was even more fierce, seizing Germany's interests in China, and conveniently The Pacific Ocean has seized the islands north of the equator, such as the Mariana Islands, Marshall Islands, Jarolin Islands, Palau Islands and Palau, and has also had thoughts about Hawaii, making the United States wary. At the same time, during World War I, Japan also fought many battles with the Austro-Hungarian Navy and German submarines in the Mediterranean, achieving impressive results. These experiences make the Japanese proud. In the world, except the United States and the United Kingdom, they have been defeated by him. They think that the United States is just that, willing to be cut off and dare to bring down the emperor.

After the beginning of the Pacific War, it can be said that the Japanese navy fought in a confused manner. Of course, we see this now, which is a bit hindsight. Let’s talk about a few big ones: The raid on Pearl Harbor failed to achieve its goal and ended in an anticlimax. What would happen if the shipyards and oil depots in Pearl Harbor were bombed? And it's not impossible, that's what their aviation staff suggested at the time; the Battle of Midway was a complete mess, with troops divided and advanced rashly, with changing objectives, the attack was ineffective, and the defense was ineffective. A complete defeat; after that, the Solomon Sea Battle, the Mariana Sea Battle, and the Sibuyan Sea Battle were all timid and did not dare to give it a try, mainly because they wanted to win but were afraid of losing.

This is because the Japanese Navy has a "nine-stage combat" concept to deal with the US Navy. Tactically, they call it a "gradual attack", but they did not see the Americans "gradually reduce", but their own ships and aircraft kept reducing. ?

In fact, Isoroku Yamamoto’s judgment was correct. The industrial base of the United States is much stronger than that of Japan, and Japan has no way to fight a war of attrition with the United States. However, Japan was unwilling to give up the territory in the Pacific acquired during World War I, which made it impossible to implement the plan to shrink operations and caused discord between the army and navy. Looking at it now, if Japan had resolutely contracted after the Battle of Midway, the war would have changed and it would not have been a crushing defeat in the later stages. Of course failure is certain, it’s a matter of time. ?

So, now looking at the Pacific War between Japan and the United States during World War II, Japan did not have no chance of winning. The key Midway Island was not fought with all its strength, and the comeback in the Battle of Solomon was too timid. The battle is all about attrition, not very decisive, and failure is already doomed. It's not that Americans are too powerful, but that Japanese people have many ideas.