How to speak in English and presentation skills
1. Preparation before giving a speech
Preparation is the prerequisite for a good speech. The first thing is to establish a title or a topic. Generally, speech competitions are divided into proposition speeches and impromptu speeches. If you want to hold a speech contest, you must prepare in various aspects: politics, economy, culture, education, etc. Find a good idea and formulate a topic, such as political speech topics: WTO, unification, peace and development, opportunities and challenges; economy Speech topics in terms of: Western Development, Rural Economy, Re-employment; Speech topics in education: Differences between Chinese and Western education, distance education, lifelong education, shooters; Speech topics in cultural aspects: Cultural exchange and integration, campus culture; Environmental protection Speech topic: man and nature; science and technology speech topic: network, cloning, genes; health speech topic: keep physically and mentally healthy; sports speech topic: Olympics... Some topics are too big and can be approached from multiple angles and aspects. Think, find a good entry point, refine and specify the topic, write an outline of the speech, and conceive and organize the structure of the speech.
The second step after formulating the topic is to collect and organize the speech materials. The best way is to read a large number of original English texts and various English newspapers and magazines in a planned way. Reading is a step-by-step process, and it is also a process of cultivating English thinking. It is crucial to improving oral and written expression skills in English. important. Use relevant resources and materials (such as books, newspapers, magazines or online resources, etc.) to collect the required content. Then organize or sort out the materials, discard less important content or unused materials, and prepare to write a speech.
2. Speech writing
The speech must first be straight to the point. You must grab the audience at once and present your point of view. You must use various methods and preparations in the middle. Explain the material and support your argument to impress the audience, and then end the speech by strengthening your argument or drawing a conclusion.
Speech writing has strict requirements. In terms of content, it must have a clear theme and complete expression; in terms of the organizational structure of the article, it must have clear thinking and strong logic; in terms of language, it must be infectious and Vivid image. When writing, you can use English writing methods and techniques effectively and correctly according to your needs, such as appropriately using various rhetorical methods such as similes, metaphors, and hyperbole. You should use words accurately and try to avoid using uncommon, vague, and obscure words. In short, you must consider the audience and pay attention to the wording of your speech, but it must be concise, reasonable, powerful, and compact in structure. The immortal works of many famous orators have the power to inspire people and turn things around. From Martin. Luther. From King's "I have a dream" to US President Lincoln's famous Gettysburg Address to Clinton's speech at Peking University, many sentences have become immortal and worthy of careful study.
3. Give a speech
Possess the knowledge and skills of speech. The completion of the speech is only the prelude to the speech. To give a successful speech, strict training is required. During training, analyze the essentials of speech, train speech skills and gestures, watch videos of English speeches such as CCTV Cup and Ericsson Cup, understand and conduct strict simulation training in accordance with competition scoring standards, and observe whether the speech process has the following characteristics: clear theme, expressiveness Complete (speech content); clear thinking and strong logic (article organization structure); full of emotion and expressiveness (speech momentum); correct pronunciation and standard pronunciation and intonation (English pronunciation); quick response and accurate answers (psychological quality); Dress neatly, behave elegantly, etc.
In addition, you must also have good psychological quality. Only by giving more simulated speeches and having good psychological quality can you express yourself better and achieve good results in your speeches. Some students can speak authentic American English, but due to lack of good psychological quality, they suffer from stage fright. They are even too nervous to speak during the competition or have some bad behavior and are eliminated.
With adequate preparation, giving a speech is not difficult.
During the entire speech process, you should also pay attention to some speech essentials and skills, such as eye contact between the speaker and the audience, vocal variety, hand gestures and body language, etc. etc., but it should be appropriate and not too much, otherwise it will overwhelm the focus and affect the effect of the speech.
If you master these essentials, have sufficient knowledge reserves, and have good psychological quality, you will definitely succeed.
Speech Skills
No, nos in public speaking
Don’t speak in public
Talking too rapidly;
Speaking too fast;
Speaking in a monotone;
p>A monotonous voice;
Using too high a vocal pitch;
A shrill voice;
Talking and not saying much;
Talking down to too much;
Presenting without enough emotion or passion;
Talking down to the audience;
Taking a condescending stance toward the audience;
Using too many "big" words;
Using too many "big" words; < /p>
Using abstractions without giving concrete examples;
Using abstract concepts without giving examples to illustrate;
Using unfamiliar technical jargon;
Using technical terms that are unfamiliar to others;
Using slang or profanity;
Using slang or vulgar language;
Disorganized and rambling performance;
< p> The speech is unorganized and scattered;Indirect communication i.e. beating around the bush;
The speech is roundabout and does not get to the point;
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How to communicate with the audience
How to communicate with the audience
A message worth communicating;
Have a point of view worth communicating;
Gain the listeners' attention: capture their interest and build their trust;
Get the listeners' attention: capture their interest and build their trust;
Emphasize understanding; < /p>
Pay attention to understanding;
Obtain their feedback;
Get feedback;
Watch your emotional tone;
Attention The tone of voice should be emotional;
Persuade the audience;
Persuade the audience;
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How to gain confidence
< p> How to become confidentSmile and glanc
e at the audience;
Smile and look at the audience;
Start very slowly, with your shoulders back and your chin up;
Start speaking slowly
Open your speech by saying something very frankly;
Open your speech by saying something very frankly;
Wear your very best clothes;
Put on your best clothes;
Say something positive to yourself;
Say something positive to yourself;
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Four objectives of the speech
Four objectives of the speech
To offer information;
Provide information;
To entertain the audience;
To make the audience feel entertained;
To touch emotions;
To move with emotion;
To move to action;
Make the audience take action;
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How to organize the speech
How to organize the speech
p>
To have a structure: such as first, second, third; geographically, north, south, east, west; compare and contrasts; our side versus their side; negative and positive;
To There is a structure: it can be divided into one, two or three points; it can be divided geographically into southeast and northwest; comparison and contrast; our side and other side; positive and negative;
To label the materials such as jokes, funny anecdotes, favorite sayings, interesting statistics;
Categorize and organize materials, such as jokes, interesting anecdotes, famous quotes, and interesting data;
To use notecards;
Use Card;
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How to use cards
How to use cards
Number your cards on the top right;
Write a number in the upper right corner of the card;
Write a complete sentence on both your first and last card;
Write a complete sentence on both your first and last card; sentence;
Write up to five key words on other cards;
You can only write up to five keywords on other cards;
Use color to mark the words you want to emphasize;
Use color to mark the words you want to emphasize;
Remind yourself at a particular sport to check the time.
Remind yourself to check the time somewhere.
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How to cope with brownout
How to cope with forgetting words
Just smile and go to the next card. Not the one in front of you, but to the next following. Look at the first word on it. This will be the point from which you will now continue. Of course you missed part of your speech. But nobody will notice it. They will blame themselves for not following your thoughts.
Just smile and move on to the next card, not the one you are currently on, but the next one. Look at the first word on the card, that's the point you want to continue. Of course you'll miss some stuff, but no one will notice. The audience will only blame themselves for not following your train of thought.
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How to begin
How to begin
To tell a story (about yourself);
Tell a (own) story;
To acknowledge the occasion of the gathering;
To express gratitude for everyone being able to get together;
To pay the listeners a compliment;
Praise the audience;
To quote;
Quote famous quotes;
To use unusual statistics;
Use some unusual data;
To ask the audience a challenging question;
Ask the audience a challenging question;
To show a video or a slide.
Play a video or a slide.
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How to close
How to end
To repeat your opening;
Repeat your opening ;
To summarize your presentation;
To summarize your speech;
To close with an anecdote;
End with an interesting anecdote; < /p>
To end with a call to action;
To end with a call to action;
To ask a rhetorical question;
To end with a rhetorical question;
To make a statement;
To end with a declarative sentence;
To show an outline of your presentation.
Show the outline of your presentation.
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Eye contact
Eye contact
Move your eyes slowly from person to person, and pause two or three seconds with each listener;
Move your eyes slowly from one person to another, staying on each person for two to three seconds;
Look at people straight or look at the bridge of their noses or chins;
Look for the friendlier faces and smile at them one by one, then move on to the more skeptical members and smile at them one by one also;
Find the more friendly members of the audience and smile at them one by one; then target the more skeptical members and smile at them gradually; < /p>
Imagine the audience in bathrobes in case you are nervous.
If you are nervous, imagine the audience in bathrobes.
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How to use the microphone
How to use the microphone
You must speak up and project your voice even if you are using a microphone;
Even with a microphone, your voice should be loud and sound;
Your voice should be resonant and sustained when you speak;
Your voice should be There is an echo and can last for a while;
Pitch your voice slightly lower than normal. Listeners tend to associate credibility and authority with a relatively deep voice;
Pitch your voice slightly lower than normal. Speak lower, and listeners tend to associate credibility and authority with a relatively deep voice;
Try to end declarative sentences on a low tone without, however, trailing off in volume; < /p>
Try to end the statement with a falling intonation, but do not reduce the volume;
Slow down.
Slow down the speaking speed.
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Keynote speech
Keynote speech
A Keynote speech is to outline the subjects to be addressed by other speakers at an event , and to establish the tone of a meeting or program.
A keynote speech, also called a keynote speech, is intended to limit the topics of speeches by other speakers at a gathering and set the tone of a meeting or event. The keynote speech is also directly related to establishing the emotional tone of the conference.
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What to say
Speech Guide
Plan well in advance;
Plan well in advance;
Make sure you fully understand your role in the program;
Make sure you fully understand your role in the activity;
Devote care to structuring your speech logically;
Devote care to setting the proper tone.
Devote care to set the proper tone.
Devote care to set the proper tone.
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How to use equipment
How to use equipment
Check light bulbs,electrical power,cable connections,outlets and contacts, switches and any moving parts;
Check lights, power supplies, wiring connections, sockets and electric shocks, switches and any moving parts;
Confirm twice that all your equipment will be available on the time of the day that you need it;
Ensure that the equipment can work normally on the day you use it, at least twice;
Arrange to have back-up equipment close by and be prepared to present without visuals;
Prepare some back-up equipment just in case, and be prepared to speak without visuals;
Remember to carry your equipment and ensure it will not be lost.
Remember to bring the equipment you need and don’t lose it.
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Typical signals of nervousness
Typical signals of nervousness
Hands in pockets
< p> Increased blinking of the eyes;Failure to make eye contact;
Licking and biting of the lips;
Failure to make eye contact;
Licking and biting of the lips;
p>
Finger tapping
Fast, jerky gestures
Cracking voices raspy voices
Increased rate of speech speaking speed;
Clearing of the throat clearing the throat;
Buttocks clamped tightly together buttocks collapsed tightly;
The way to over come nervousness is breathe in deep and breathe out slowly for some times.
The way to overcome tension is to breathe evenly, inhale deeply and exhale slowly.
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HOW to dress
How to dress appropriately
Dark colored suits or dresses;
Wear deep Color suit;
Red ties or scarves;
Plain white shirt or top;
Black shoes, freshly polished;
Wear a red tie or scarf;
Very little jewelry -worn discreetly;
Wear freshly polished black shoes;
Calm, slow gestures and slow movements;
Try not to wear jewelry, but be very careful if you do wear it;
Shoulders back,chin up.
Keep your chest up and your head up.
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HOW to use gestures
How to use gestures
Make sure all your gestures are smooth and natural;
All movements should be smooth and natural;
Don't put your hands in your pockets;
Don't put your hands in your pockets;
Let your hands and arms drop naturally to your side,gently fold both indes fingers together,without wringing or gripping your hands in any way;
Let your hands and arms drop naturally to your side, gently fold them up Index fingers, don't twist them together or make a fist;
Let your hands do what they want to do as long as they don't go back into your pockets or make obscene gestures.
Let your hand do whatever it wants until it no longer goes back into your pocket or makes some annoying gesture in front of an audience.
Point at imaginary objects and don't point at others with your index finger;
Point at imaginary objects and don't point at others with your index finger;
< p> Size or quantity can also easily be shown by expanding or contracting the hands;Size or quantity can also be easily shown by expanding or contracting the hands;
Gracefully show your audience the appropriate number of fingers by holding your hands at a 45 degree angle from your head;
Gracefully show your audience the appropriate number of fingers by holding your hands at a 45 degree angle from your head;
TO emphasize physical size such as length,width,hold your hands out in front you widely apart to move them up and down.
Stretch your hands forward, spread them as far apart as possible, and move them up and down.
Eighteen tips for speech
Trick one: the use of parallelism
Parallelism is a rhetorical technique in writing and a commonly used speech technique. Parallelism is the use of paragraphs, sentences or phrases with the same syntactic structure to compare two or more things to highlight their similarities and differences. Many times, parallel paragraphs or sentences are arranged in a progressive manner, creating a thundering momentum that is also catchy and musical.
Trick 2: Use words accurately
There is no absolute rule for finding the right words, but usually the simplest words, the most specific words, and the words that can most vividly arouse sensory responses is the best choice. Try to use as few adjectives and various determiners as possible, and focus on the use of substantive verbs and nouns. Always consult a dictionary. A good classification dictionary will be of great help to you.
Trick three: intimacy
Use the first person "I" instead of "one", use a simple and vivid active voice instead of a complex and boring wave structure, so that it seems The speaker himself speaks directly to the audience, shortening the distance between the two parties and promoting mutual communication between the two parties.
Trick No. 4: Deal with accidents
Generally speaking, you may encounter three kinds of unlucky things when giving a speech: 1. Stuttering. There is no need to hide it, otherwise it will be even more embarrassing. Instead, pause, smile, say the sentence again, and continue. 2. Technical failure, such as microphone problem, etc. Wait for someone to fix it, or speak calmly. 3. Factual errors, such as stating that the Pearl Harbor incident occurred on September 7, 1941. Stop at the right place to correct mistakes, and don't be impatient and distract yourself from making more mistakes.
Top Five: Clever Quotation
Wise use of quotations can add a lot of color to your speech, expand your authority, and enhance your explanatory power. When quoting famous words or articles, you should pay attention to following four principles: 1. Keep the quoted materials as short as possible and choose parts related to the topic of the speech; 2. Make the quoted materials organically become part of the speech; 3. Do not quote repeatedly unless Special emphasis; 4. Quote accurately and do not take it out of context.
Trick six: The ups and downs of the intonation
The ups and downs of the intonation during a speech can not only make the speech more vivid, but also convey the speaker's rich emotional information. Imagine that if you always use a flat tone, not only will the speaker appear listless, but the audience will soon become tired and bored. Generally speaking, rising tones convey passionate emotions, such as excitement, anger, condemnation, and questions; falling tones express gloomy emotions, such as regret, sadness, disappointment, and depression.
This speech is an excellent example of being good at using changes in intonation, including a combination of cadence, frustration, and relaxation. Especially in the second half, the speech is pushed to the climax through the excitement, high pitch, and repetition of the intonation.
Trick No. 7: Clear context
The possibility of misunderstandings during communication is very high. Therefore, having a clear structure and smooth exposition are necessary for a successful speech. One of the factors. In addition to clarifying the theme at the beginning and end, there are also one, two or three sub-points to further expand the explanation. Keep the structure of the speech in mind. If necessary, clarify the context of the speech at the beginning and continue to remind the audience during the speech. You can also use various charts and equipment accordingly to deepen the audience's impression.
Tip 8: Use slang
Slang can make a speech lively or make it stale. Not being familiar with the latest slang can make the speaker appear out of touch. Use slang with caution. If you use a good and vivid slang to express what you want to express, the effect will be much better. But be careful not to use racial and obscene slang.
Trick No. 9: Use body language
Body language includes facial expressions, hand and foot movements, standing postures, etc. This silent language not only transmits information, but also affects all parties involved in the communication. When speaking, your expression should be natural and smiling, and don’t be so tense that your facial muscles are stiff; look directly at the audience and make eye contact with them; add some appropriate gestures during your speech to emphasize your speech, but don’t overdo it. exaggerate.
Top Ten: Correct Pronunciation
Correct, clear, coherent and beautiful pronunciation is the most powerful magic weapon to attract the audience. English and American English have many local accents, which are not worth imitating. Inaccurate pronunciation can cause misunderstandings and affect the effectiveness of the speech. Pay special attention to distinguishing the following sounds: / /. Secondly, pay attention to continuous reading in the correct position.
Tip 11: Use humor
Humor is not only the spice of life, but also a good condiment for adjusting the atmosphere of a speech. But humor cannot be used casually at any time and in any situation. If used inappropriately, it will have the opposite effect. When giving a speech, you can tell anecdotes related to the topic or point of view, or some funny stories about yourself. Never tell jokes that are far from the topic just to amuse the audience, or make insinuations to make the audience feel that they are being treated. Feeling of insult.
Trick 12: Alliteration
Alliteration is also a rhetorical device, that is, there are two or more words close to each other in a phrase or a line of poetry. The beginning syllable or other stressed syllables have the same letters or sounds to achieve the effect of emphasis. For example, in the sixth paragraph, universe and dynamic, South Bronx and Southern Tier, Brookiyn Buffalo, Montaukt and Massena, the pronunciations of the first letters are /d/, /s/, /b/ or /m/, which brings a unique feeling to the speech. A sense of rhythm and rhythmic beauty.
Trick No. 13: Prepare in advance
On the battlefield, only by knowing the enemy can you be victorious; speeches are no exception. First, you must objectively understand and evaluate yourself and choose an appropriate speech topic; secondly, collect materials according to the theme and arrange these materials in a certain order; finally, set the framework of the speech, especially the beginning and end of the speech. Different from the previous speech, Bill Gates's speech is a business speech, mainly to promote Microsoft. It uses a description of the future of the DNS system to help the audience understand the role Microsoft will play in the future computer field. His choice of words and sentences was not as demanding as that of a political speech, and he did not have complex or profound vocabulary. However, the context of his speech was clear and the theme was clear. It was obvious that he had been fully prepared in advance.
Trick Fourteen: Use of Equipment
With the improvement of science and technology, various modern equipment, such as VCD, video tapes, projectors, etc., can bring music to the audience. Get intuitive visual and auditory enjoyment, and make proper use of these instruments and equipment to make your speech more vivid and more popular. For example: a large number of numbers can be listed clearly so that everyone can see them at a glance. Before giving a speech, you should pay attention to preparations, such as skillful operation, whether the instruments are working properly, and rewinding the tape. To avoid being in a hurry and making mistakes.
Trick No. 15: Control the speaking speed
After confirming the speech script, you can determine the speaking speed according to the content and your own characteristics. Speech speed is not only caused by innate factors, but can also be changed through deliberate training. Generally speaking, the speaking speed should not be too fast because it will give people a feeling of nervousness, nor should it be too slow because it will appear dull and boring. It is best to find a speaking speed that is comfortable for you and at the same time moderate. The speed of this speech was a little too fast. If the speaker's humor hadn't enlivened the atmosphere, it would have been too hasty.
Tip 16: Make an impromptu speech
An impromptu speech is a speech that the speaker delivers impromptu on the scenes, situations, things and people in front of him without any preparation in advance. Speaking without preparation in advance is the moment when you can best see the speaker's overall quality, especially his ability to adapt. Impromptu speeches must rely on daily accumulation - "train deliberately off the stage, and let nature take its course on stage." In addition, you must be clear about the topic of your impromptu speech, otherwise, you will be completely off topic, and no matter how well you speak, it will be in vain. Secondly, quickly draw up a rough outline in your mind to avoid talking in generalities. The last thing is don't be impatient, don't panic, stay calm.
Trick No. 17: Control the volume
The volume of the voice during a speech is the factor that best reflects the speaker's confidence. A voice that is as small as a mosquito and cannot be heard clearly by anyone with its ears pulled has nothing to do with self-confidence. Of course, you don’t have to speak at the top of your lungs, otherwise you will not only lose your voice easily, but you will also appear to lose your composure. Just make sure everyone present can hear your voice clearly and comfortably. Some special sentences or words can be emphasized for emphasis. Perhaps due to recording problems, the sound of this speech was too low and seemed a little weak.
Trick No. 18: Grasp the Rhythm
In addition to speaking speed and volume, the rhythm of the speech is also an important factor in success or failure. Don’t forget that there are punctuation marks in your speech. Appropriate pauses will not only appear relaxed and combined, but also provide the audience with a time to understand and recall, focusing their attention. In addition, mastering the speed of the rhythm helps to control the time of the speech, and it is also a way to convey emotions.
I am much older
What kind of secrets do I need
What kind of opening and ending transition~
The word count is too high~
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