From 65438 to 0948, Wiener published the book Cybernetics, which made Cybernetics a new science with the same important influence as information theory in the 20th century.

02? visual angle

According to Weiner's point of view, any system (including physical, biological and social systems) runs in a certain order, but because there are many accidental and random deviation factors in the system and environment, any system has a changing trend from orderly to disorderly, from certain state to uncertain state. In order to maintain the normal operation of the system and achieve the system objectives, it is necessary to control the system. Wiener believes that an important method to realize control is information feedback. In other words, the output of the system reflects the ordered state of the system and the result of function execution. If all or part of the output is sent back to the system as feedback information and the operation of the system is readjusted, the deviation can be corrected. It is worth noting that Shannon mainly examines discrete information, while Weiner examines continuous information, that is, the continuous flow of information.

03? give rise to

The cybernetics founded by Weiner had a great influence on scientific research in the second half of the 20th century. The application of cybernetics in communication is also universal. Almost all macro, meso and micro research fields in modern communication, such as systems and norms, laws and regulations, policies and management, audiences and communication effects, are permeated with cybernetic views. Another important contribution of cybernetics to communication science is to introduce the concept of feedback into the study of communication process, which is of great significance to understand the two-way interaction of communication process in human society. Today, feedback has become a basic concept of communication, which not only guides theoretical research, but also guides communication practice. Many media consciously collect feedback information through letters and visits, hotlines, audience surveys and other channels, and take it as an important basis to improve the communication effect.

Reference: communication courses