Ten idioms about diligent study and related allusions
1. Cutting through walls to steal light Kuang Heng, a native of Yong, Donghai, Western Han Dynasty.
When he was young, he loved studying, but Shan's family was too poor to buy candles, so Kuang Heng dug through the wall between his neighbor's house and used the neighbor's candlelight to read eagerly every night. There was a large family in the township where Kuang Heng was located, and Kuang Heng worked as a servant in this family.
He didn’t want any reward, he just asked his master to lend him the book. In Kuang Heng's hometown, there were people studying the Book of Songs.
Kuang Heng studied with him and asked questions for advice. After a while, the questions raised by Kuang Heng became more and more profound, which the scholar could not answer and had to leave in a hurry.
In the rush, I even put on my shoes. Kuang Heng was diligent and studious, and finally became a learned man.
2. The idiom "Nangying Yingxue" comes from the story of two ancient people who studied diligently. "Book of Jin" says: "Yin Gong was diligent, tireless and knowledgeable.
His family was poor and he did not often have oil. In the summer months, he made a bag to hold dozens of glowing fires to illuminate the book, day and night. . He was tall, handsome, quick-witted, and well-known as a native poet."
Later, he became "famous for his humble erudition." It is precisely because Che Yin's family was poor when he was young that he could not often buy oil to light lamps, but he could often catch dozens of fireflies in a fine net bag on summer nights and use them as lights for reading. He was well-known for his "quick comprehension" and was well-known at that time for his erudite and talented people who came from a poor background.
According to "Shang Youlu": "Sun Kang was born in Jingzhao, Jin Dynasty. He was sensitive and studious, and his family was poor. He studied in the winter moonlight against the snow." Although these two people from the Jin Dynasty, although They were all poor and had no oil to light their lamps, but they studied hard with the moon shining in the summer moon and the snow in the winter, so they eventually became famous scholars at that time.
3. The hanging beam is bone-piercing. Su Qin is from Luoyang. Luoyang was the capital of Emperor Zhou at that time.
He wanted to make a difference. He once asked to see Emperor Zhou, but there was no way to introduce him. In a fit of anger, he sold his property and went to other countries to find a way out. But he ran around for several years and never became an official.
Later, I ran out of money and my clothes were worn out, so I had to go home. The family members saw him dragging his straw sandals and carrying a broken load, looking very embarrassed.
His parents scolded him severely; his wife sat on the loom weaving silk without even looking at him; he begged his sister-in-law to cook for him, but her sister-in-law turned around and ignored him. walked away. Su Qin suffered a lot and was determined to fight for his life.
From then on, he studied hard and studied the art of war until late at night every day. Sometimes he would read until midnight and feel tired and sleepy, so he would prick his thigh with an awl. Although it hurt, he would feel energetic and continue reading.
Legend has it that when he was studying at night, he tied his hair with a ribbon and tied it to the beam. As soon as he dozed off, his head fell down and his scalp hurt, and he woke up. This is what people later called "the head cantilevered and the buttocks are conical", which was used to express the spirit of studying hard.
After more than a year of hard work, his knowledge is much richer than before. Wei Bian Sanjue: Wei Bian: use cooked cowhide rope to connect the bamboo slips; San: approximate number, indicating multiple times; Jue: broken.
The leather ropes connecting the bamboo slips were broken three times. It is a metaphor for studying diligently.
Farm during the day and recite at night: Farm during the day and read at night. It is a metaphor for studying diligently.
Cutting through walls to steal light: Kuang Heng, also known as Zhigui, was diligent and studious, but he had no money to buy candles. The neighbor's house lit candles at night, but the candlelight couldn't shine in. So Kuang Heng cut a hole in the wall to let the candlelight shine in, and read by the weak candlelight.
Kuang Heng’s spirit of studying hard and cutting through walls to steal the light was praised by future generations. assiduously: diligently, untiringly.
Refers to working or studying diligently and tirelessly. Hanging Beam Stings the Bone: Warring States Policy·Qin Policy 1": "(Su Qin) felt sleepy while reading, so he used the awl to stab his butt."
Volume 363 of "Taiping Yulan" quoted "Hanshu" : "Sun Jing, a man of literary treasures, was fond of learning. He would not rest morning and night. When he was tired and sleepy, he would tie his head with a rope and hang it from the roof beam. He later became a great scholar in the world."
Describes hard study. Chao Si Xisi: It’s like this in the morning and it’s like this at night.
Describes diligence and perseverance in studying 4. Hearing the Rooster and Dancing. Zu Ti and his friend Liu Kun in the Jin Dynasty both had the lofty ideal of making contributions and reviving the Jin Dynasty. In order to become the pillars of the country from the beginning, they got up and practiced every day after the cock crow. Sword. After a long period of hard training, they all became all-rounders capable of both literary and military skills, and finally realized their desire to serve the country! 5. Ji Changxue She Ganying was a famous archery master in Shishi. As soon as he draws his bow, the beasts will fall to the ground and the birds will fall.
Fei Wei, a disciple of Gan Ying, once learned archery from Gan Ying. After completing the training, his skill was even higher than that of his master. Later Ji Chang wanted to learn archery from Fei Wei as his teacher.
Fei Wei said to Ji Chang: "You must first practice the skill of not blinking. Once you have this skill, you can learn from me." Ji Chang returned home and lay on his back under the loom that was weaving. , staring at the pedal without blinking.
One day, two days... Two years later, Ji Chang finally mastered the art of not blinking. So he went to see his master Fei Wei.
Fei Wei said: "That's not enough. You need to learn the ability to see. You need to be able to see small things very big and clearly, and then come to me again." Ji Chang returned home, tied a louse in an ox tail hair, hung it in the window, and stared at it every day.
Another day, two days, three days... Three years have passed, and he can actually see a louse as big as a wheel. If you look at other objects, you can also see them bigger.
Ji Chang took a bow, put an arrow on it, and shot at the louse. The arrow passed right through the middle of the louse, and the hair of the cow hanging on the louse was not broken. Ji Chang hurriedly went to Fei Wei, who said happily, "You have really learned the true skill of archery."
6. Explanation of the meaning of plowing during the day and chanting at night: Farming during the day and reading at night. It is a metaphor for studying diligently.
Story allusion: "Book of Wei Cui Guang Biography": "The family is poor and loves to learn. He works hard day and night, and writes books to support his parents." 7. Tireless [Source of Allusion] "Shang Shu Jun Chen": "But He works hard every day, but he dares not to hesitate. "
"Book of the Later Han Dynasty·Biography of Lu Pi": "He has a profound nature and loves to learn, and he is tireless in breeding." "Book of the Three Kingdoms·Book of Shu·Biography of Xiang Lang": "Nai Geng. He devoted himself to the classics and worked tirelessly. ”
8. Wei compiled Sanjue’s books in the Spring and Autumn Period, which were mainly made of bamboo. The bamboo was broken into bamboo sticks, which were called bamboo “slips”. After the fire dried it, writing was written on it. Bamboo slips have a certain length and width. A bamboo slip can only write one line of characters, ranging from dozens to eight or nine.
A book requires many bamboo slips, and these bamboo slips must be connected with strong ropes before they can be read. A book like "Yi" is of course composed of many bamboo compendia connected together, so it has considerable weight.
Confucius spent a lot of energy and read the entire "Yi".
Knowledge about idioms
1. Regarding the origin of idioms (what primary school students should know), we should start from the following aspects: 1. Fable idioms, such as unfounded worries, Foolish Old Man Moves Mountains, (mainly appear in Ancient Chinese literature, such as "Zhuangzi" The Frog at the Bottom of the Well, "Liezi" The Foolish Old Man Moves the Mountain, "Han Feizi" The Yugong is filling in the numbers, contradicting itself, waiting for the rabbit, etc.) 2 Idioms in myths and legends, such as Kuafu chasing the sun, Nuwa filling the sky, Jingwei filling the sea , Mirage, Seamless Clothes, Cowherd and Weaver Girl, etc. 3 historical story idioms. Among Chinese idioms, a large proportion of them come from historical events and famous people’s rumors and anecdotes. For example, "Zuo Zhuan", "Historical Records", and "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" have many famous wars or historical events. Idioms that are summarized, such as all trees and grass are soldiers, return the perfect jade to Zhao, talk about war on paper, burn the cauldron and destroy the boat, refer to deer as horses. In such idioms, you should pay attention to the protagonist of this idiom, which will be tested in the exam. (There are special exercises later) 4 famous aphorisms and idioms (can be understood) such as, self-improvement, Tian Xingjian, a gentleman, strives for self-improvement, devotes himself to death, and studies and ponders. 5 Idioms derived from religion: (Buddha) becomes a Buddha on the ground, borrows flowers to offer Buddha, subdues dragons and tigers, gives a wake-up call, (Tao) chickens and dogs ascend to heaven, turn stones into gold, panacea, reborn, immortal 6 Derived from folk proverbs and sayings: To throw a rat into a weapon will make your lips die and your teeth will be cold. The city gate is on fire. The rice fields and fish ponds. 2. From the analysis of word formation and content characteristics, 1 The most common format is to use a pair of pairs to connect the upper and lower parts together. Like flying high, torn apart, low, three, four, thrilling 2 Number idioms from one to ten to millions (containing exaggeration) The supplement starting with two is as follows: "Two points bright moon two three its virtues two peaches kill three people two surnames are good, no two methods, one after another three one stone two birds sky "There are no two suns and no two hearts." 3 overlapping idioms, (1) AABB type is mostly the overlap of adjectives and verbs: lush, green, trembling, hesitant (2) ABAC type spaced type overlapping idioms 1, 3 word overlap 2, 4 synonyms and synonyms Or words with antonyms related to good beginnings and endings, guard against arrogance and arrogance (3) The overlap of the first character of the AABC formula modifies and restricts the following words: thriving, prosperous, eloquent, shaky (4) The overlap of the last two characters of the ABCC formula makes the previous statements and explanations , such as polite, proud, proud, majestic, vigorous and vigorous (5) There are not many other overlapping idioms. Only ABCB is convinced, oral, tooth for tooth, relying on old, selling old, trivial, ABBC, nothing. 4. Synonyms and antonyms in idioms, antonyms, simple explanations Yang, similar words with small differences, sweet words, sweet words, thinking in various ways, racing against time, climbing over mountains and ridges, strange shapes. 5 Rhetoric in idioms (1) Metaphor, like a fish in water, like glue, like paint, stable, like Mount Tai, like water, years are solid, as solid as gold (2) Exaggeration, living like a year, returning home, like an arrow, a thousand miles in a day, all opportunities are frightened, hearing the wind, the sky is falling, the earth is cracking, the clouds are disappearing, and the fog is clearing. Huabingqingyujie (3) Use the name of the heroine who has made great contributions (understand) The three-character idiom Hongmen Banquet, the cozy nest, the iron rooster, and the iron rooster are so unforgettable that there is no need for a host 6. Change the easily misspelled idioms into a new one ( ) Change the original plus the benefit ( ) Keep up the good work ( ) Don’t forget it Counting ( ) with nowhere to go ( ) sweating ( ) crowded together ( ) with many tricks ( ) singing slowly ( ) dancing with fierce force ( ) avoiding difficulties ( ) being weak and invincible ( ) sacrificing life Take ( ) righteousness and work hard without caring about life ( ) Famous in the mountains ( ) Can’t wait ( ) Beautiful mountains and rivers ( ) Follow the voice ( ) Always move forward ( ) Speak with righteousness ( ) Wise words ( ) Star Luo Qibu ( ) Name Live up to the truth ( ) Like fire, like tea ( ) Half-time and give up ( ) Make trouble ( ) 7. Zodiac idioms (animal idioms) Rat's eyes are short-sighted, a knife is used to test the tiger's mouth, the rabbit dies, the fox is sad, the dragon flies and the phoenix dances, the snake is added, the old horse knows the way, the sheep is mending, the chicken dances, the dog fights with the human power, the monkey, the year, the horse and the month 8. Human body knowledge in the idioms: All your wishes come true 9. Flowers and trees in the idiom; pink willows, willows, dark flowers and bright flowers 10. Colors in the idiom: beauty, misfortune, red wine, green wine, red gallbladder, loyalty, green and red soap, white and yellow beams, beautiful dreams, white and flawless, purple and red 2 The four-character nature of idioms As mentioned before, idioms mostly consist of four characters There are relatively few idioms with less than four characters or more than four characters; especially idioms with less than four characters are even rarer in comparison.
Therefore, when Japanese speak Chinese, there is a saying of "four-character Chinese" (see the 1978 edition, "Modern Chinese Language for Middle Schools" edited by Yoshida N et al.), and some also call it "four-character Chinese". Idioms" (see the 1978 edition of "Middle School Chinese" edited by Imaizumi Tadayoshi and others). However, in our opinion, some of the examples they included in "Four-Character Chinese" and "Four-Character Idioms" are not what we call idioms, because we don't have that kind of saying.
Such as "left to right", "conveying ideas", "execution hesitation", "question and answer" and so on. Another example is that they consider "spring, summer, autumn and winter", "front and back, left and right", and "east, west, south" to be "four-character idioms", and we cannot agree with them.
"Spring, summer, autumn and winter" are meteorological nouns, "front, back, left, and right" are commonly used directional nouns in daily life, and "east, west, south, north" are commonly used directional nouns in geography. Despite this, the obvious four-character nature of the idiom is undeniable.
For example, the following idioms, judging from their origins, are not four-character idioms. In other words, these idioms are all refined words that are not four-character words to form four-character idioms. Try the following The relationship between the idiom and its origin: (1) Observe the subtleties clearly, "Clearly enough to see the end of the subtleties, without seeing the clues." ("Mencius? King Hui of Liang", Part 1) (2) Seek fish from trees, "Do what you want, ask for what you want," It's like asking for fish while relying on wood.
"("Mencius? King Hui of Liang", Part 1) (3) Get twice the result with half the effort. "In today's world, if a country of ten thousand chariots practices benevolence, the people will be happy with it. It's like hanging upside down. The story is that people from ancient times will have twice as much merit, but this is the case at this time. The sword fell from the boat into the water, and he quickly signed a letter to the boat and said: This is where my sword fell. The boat stopped, and the person who signed it entered the water to find it.
The boat has moved on. But the sword is not good, so if you want a sword like this, isn't it confusing? "("Lu Shi Chun Qiu? Cha Jin") (5) Guizhou Donkey Skills are Poor. Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty had an article titled "Three Precepts", and there was a subtitle "Qian Donkey". Donkey". "The donkey in Guizhou has no skills" is extracted from the story narrated in this article.
(6) My broom is worth a thousand gold (or "my broom is precious"). "There is a saying in the saying: If you have a bad broom at home, you will enjoy it. This is a trouble." (Cao Pi's "Classic Theory? Essay" 》) From the above.
Idioms, catchphrases and famous aphorisms about scientific knowledge
If we admit failure too readily, we may not realize that we are very close to being right. --- Karl Poe The same is true for the "difficulty" of Poole. Facing the cliffs, you can't see a crack in a hundred years. But with an axe, you can advance inch by inch, and you have to advance foot by foot. Keep accumulating, leaps will come, and breakthroughs will follow. .---Hua Luogeng (China) I really want to invent a feature or machine with such terrible large-scale destructive power that war will forever become impossible.---Nobel (Sweden) ) Only by obeying nature can we control nature. --- Bacon (UK) The sea of ??truth, let all undiscovered things lie in front of me, let me explore. --- Newton (UK) The advantage of fallacy is temporary Yes, the benefits of truth are permanent; when truth has disadvantages, these disadvantages will be eliminated soon, while the disadvantages of error will always accompany the error. --- Diderot (France) Anyone who treats the truth in small things People who have a rash attitude are also untrustworthy in major matters. --- Einstein (USA) At the entrance to science, just like at the entrance to hell, we must make this request: "All hesitation must be eradicated here. , any cowardice will be useless here.”----(Marx) Science is systemized knowledge (Herbert Spencer) Science is the best way to make the human spirit brave (Bruno) Science is a general, Practice is a soldier (Leonardo Da Vinci) Science will not abandon those who sincerely love it (Dimiriya Schev) For science, there are more enemies than friends (Japan) Science must be promoted, and only by relying on science can there be hope (*** ) Labor productivity is constantly developing with the continuous progress of science and technology----(Marx) If, as you assert, technology depends on the scientific situation to a great extent, then the scientific situation depends on it to a greater extent. It depends on the situation and needs of technology (Engels) Without talents who master technology, technology is dead. With talents who master technology, technology can and will be able to create miracles (Stalin) In the battle of science and technology, we must Fight, and must fight well (***) Without science and technology, productivity cannot be improved (***) The key to the four modernizations is the modernization of science and technology. Without modern science and technology, it is impossible to build modern agriculture, modern industry, Modern national defense (***) Science and technology are the primary productive forces (***) Science is the local anatomy of "ignorance" (O. Holmes) Science is the most effective antidote to religious superstition (A. Smith) Science is The graveyard of rigid concepts (Unamuno) In science, ridiculing corrupt scholars is similar to ridiculing superstition in religion (Love Sacrifice). Every science has been rejected (Mogsol) and is limited by short-sightedness. We, make us disbelieve in the laws of science such as gravity, chemistry, and plants (Ai Xian Sheng) The enemies of science are no less than friends (Turkey) By repeatedly inferring and endlessly revising, we can make unquestionable progress in science ( Duclokos) Science, when considered carefully, is nothing but sound judgment and understanding (Stanislaw) If good judgment cannot control science, then science is a kind of madness--- - (Spain) The greatest progress in science is brought about by new and bold imagination (Dewey) Science does not care about the present or the past, it is the observation of all possible things. Although the foresight is gradual, it is the Awareness of what is about to happen (Leonardo da Vinci) Real science first teaches people to doubt and to be confused (Unamuno) The progress of science is very slow, and it takes a crawl to get from one point to another---- (Tennyson) The history of science, in a sense, is the history of illusions and failures, the history of great fools working clumsily and inefficiently (Terao Torahiko) Any scientific prototype has Its dual image: human beings are ugly when they are embryos, and beautiful when they are budding (Hugo) Science requires the original life of human beings (Pavlov) Any achievements I have made in science are only due to long-term thinking, patience and diligence. Acquisition (Darwin) There is no smooth road in science. Only those who climb the rugged path and are not afraid of hard work can hope to reach the glorious peak (Marx). The whole purpose of science is to consciously achieve great things. Nature gives everything to youth at no cost (Turgenev) In order to illuminate the depths of the earth and see the rich mineral resources in the darkness, the lamp of science is necessary (Menderov) With the help of science, people can can correct nature
The shortcomings of the world (Mechnikov) Science is not only the highest achievement of human wisdom, but also the most promising source of material welfare (Bernard) Who can make the land that originally only produced a bunch of ears of grain and a blade of grass grow? Whoever produces two ears of corn or two blades of grass will do more good to mankind and make a greater contribution to the country than all politicians (Swift) To use a crude but not inappropriate definition, engineering is a It is an art, something that can be done with one dollar, but a clumsy person can barely do it with two dollars - (A. Wellington) Historically, the means of production have been combined with certain science and technology. ;Similarly, the labor force in history is also a labor force that has mastered certain scientific and technological knowledge----(***).
Knowledge about idioms
Idioms (chengyu, idioms) are some stereotyped phrases or short sentences in the Chinese vocabulary of Chinese characters.
Idioms have fixed structural forms and fixed sayings, express certain meanings, and are used as a whole in sentences. A large part of idioms are inherited from ancient times, and their wording is often different from modern Chinese. They represent a story or allusion.
Idioms are also ready-made words, similar to idioms and proverbs, but also slightly different. Most idioms come from writing and are of a literary nature.
Secondly, in terms of language form, idioms are conventional four-character structures, and the words cannot be changed at will; idioms play a vivid, concise and vivid role in language expression.
If you have extensive knowledge of idioms about plants, please help me look up the eagle spreading its wings, the old horse knows the way, and the fish
The idiom name the eagle spreading its wings Chinese Pinyin chú yīng zhǎn chì The idiom definition young: Young bird. Young eagle spreads its wings and flies. It is a metaphor for young people starting to live and work independently. The idiom name Lao Ma knows the way. Chinese pinyin lǎo mǎ shí tú. The idiom explains journey, road, road. Lao Ma knows the road that has been traveled before. It is a metaphor for experienced people. Being familiar with the situation can play a guiding role in a certain aspect. It is often used to describe someone who is rich in experience and can be a leader. The idiom comes from "Han Feizi·Shuo Lin Shang" filing in yú guàn ér rù 〖Explanation〗Like swimming fish following one after another Walking in succession. Describes entering one after another in order. [Source] "Three Kingdoms Wei Zhi Biography of Deng Ai": "The soldiers all climbed the wooden edge of the cliff and filed in." [Example] All the talented women except the sisters Bian and Meng After that, the rest are by name~. Chapter 67 of Li Ruzhen's "Flowers in the Mirror" of the Qing Dynasty. The name of the idiom pours out. Chinese Pinyin qīng cháo ér chū. The idiom definition pours out: pour out; nest: nest. It is a metaphor for the enemy to dispatch all its troops. To intrude. The idiom comes from "The Inscription of King Zhao of Qi Gu Anlu" written by Shen Yue of Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties: "Since then, everyone has been lifted up, hoping for virtue as if they were home." Example sentences used People who don't go out much on weekdays have come out in large numbers these two days. (Chapter 12 of Duanmu Hongliang's "Cao Xueqin") The momentum is like breaking bamboo, three friends are in the cold year, bamboo shoots spring after the rain, Yao Huang Wei Zi, spring orchids and autumn chrysanthemums, lotus roots are broken, peach red and willow green, mulberry trees are pointed at and thorns are on the back, in full swing, dead trees are in spring, dead trees are blooming, iron trees are blooming, Pull out the roots of dead trees, cut through thorns and thorns in the spring to repay the flowers, the moon is full, the flowers are in front of the moon, the moon is in front of the flowers, the flowers are in the moonlight, the flowers are in the sky, the flowers are in full bloom, the words are sweet, the branches are blooming, the flowers are blooming with wonderful pens, borrowing flowers to offer to the Buddha, hundreds of flowers are blooming, spring flowers are in full bloom, the moon is full of flowers, flowers are blooming in the pen, and the bamboo is a sign of peace , people are not grass and trees, seedlings are not beautiful, the wind blows and the grass moves. The hibiscus comes out of the water, the bamboo is in the chest, the wind and grass grow in the forest, the grass is hasty, the grass kills people, the grass is camping, the grass and trees are soldiers, the grass grows and the orioles fly, a hundred steps penetrate the poplars, uproot the seedlings and encourage them, a hundred years of cultivation, the strong wind knows the strength The grass is like broken bamboo, bamboo shoots spring up after rain, yao, yellow, wei, purple, spring orchids and autumn chrysanthemums, lotus roots are broken, peaches are red and willows are green, mulberry trees are pointed at and locust trees are scolded, thorns are on the back, dead trees are springing up, overcoming thorns and thorns, reciprocating good things and bad things, the good and the bad are mixed, the big tree attracts the wind, the tree is virtuous and fertile, a hundred flowers bloom, and the flowers bloom. It took a long time. I found it. You have to be worthy of me. Accept my answer.