Students with learning difficulties, as the name implies, are students with learning difficulties. They are far from the educational goals in academic performance and ideological morality, and have many shortcomings, which lag behind ordinary students. Theoretically, students with learning difficulties can be divided into four types.
1, with low intelligence. This kind of students only account for a very small number because of their low IQ and poor academic performance.
2. The internal driving force is weak. This kind of students have normal intelligence, but they lack positive learning attitude and motivation to muddle along.
3. Psychological disorder type. This kind of students can be divided into three small types. ① Poor ability to adapt to the new environment, leading to great mood swings. (2) Due to poor foundation, lack of necessary basic knowledge and skills, it is difficult to accept deeper new knowledge, and teachers often criticize them, and they will never feel the happiness of learning success, resulting in inferiority complex and reducing their enthusiasm for learning. (3) Due to unpleasant interpersonal relationships, they are disgusted with teachers and class groups, and their learning enthusiasm declines.
4. The external factors are poor. This kind of students can be divided into three small types. (1) The overindulgence of the family leads to self-centeredness and unwillingness to accept the teacher's education. (2) Due to family changes, I can't get caress in the family, my emotions are traumatized, I have no intention to study, and even pass on my pain and sadness to others for no reason. (3) Because of the "left-behind" family, the children are left unattended at home and misled by outside bad elements. These students account for a large proportion.
Second, the analysis of learning disabilities of students with learning difficulties
1, family factors. This is mainly aimed at poor students caused by external factors. As the author listed above, whether it is family doting, family changes, or staying at home, there is no doubt that it will bring them mental trauma, thus affecting their enthusiasm for learning.
2 school factors. Schools are the most important media and places for students to receive education, and teachers are the most direct preachers and puzzles for students. However, we also see that cases of child abuse do exist on campus, so that the debate on whether the crime of child abuse should be established in criminal law has caused an uproar. Although "strict teachers make excellent students", if students adopt a series of inhuman measures such as long-term high-handed policies and corporal punishment by teachers, they are obviously suffering from physical and mental torture at the same time.
3. Class classmate factor. We usually educate students to help each other, unite and be friendly. However, we should also see that sometimes the friction and contradiction between classmates will also lead to students' learning obstacles. For a simple example, comparing students' grades may lead to vicious competition, unhappiness and tension among students. Similarly, if you are in a class with a poor learning atmosphere, no matter how good your grades are, you may become a student with learning difficulties.
4. Personal factors. This includes not only innate intelligence factors, but also acquired factors, such as poor adaptability to the environment leading to lack of enthusiasm for learning. Another example is hyperactivity, irritability and impatience. When you encounter difficulties, you lose confidence and stop. And this, if not restrained, may eventually turn into a vicious circle and aggravate their inferiority complex.
Third, some suggestions to improve the enthusiasm of students with learning difficulties
The new curriculum standard points out: "Teachers should pay attention to the development of every student." Just like the message we want to convey in the movie No Child Left Behind: As class members, students with learning difficulties have no reason to give up on them. As a teacher, the author talks about some superficial views on how to improve the learning enthusiasm of students with learning difficulties through years of practical teaching experience and special attention to students with learning difficulties.
1, and gradually cultivate the learning interest of students with learning difficulties. Einstein famously said, "Interest is the best teacher". Psychologists' research also shows that people always try to explore and understand what they are interested in. In my opinion, the best way to cultivate students' interest in learning is to cultivate students to study, study, think with their own minds, see with their own eyes and do with their own hands. Traditional teaching methods are always used to memorizing knowledge. On the one hand, the teacher talks nonstop, on the other hand, the students take notes quickly. Obviously, this teaching method of exam-oriented education has long been inconsistent with the spirit and concept of quality education. Schikale, an American psychologist, said: "Curiosity is the primitive nature of children. Perception will sublimate children's hearts and hide the source of things for them." He also teaches students to take the initiative.
2. Give more encouragement and attention to arouse self-confidence. Due to poor performance in all aspects, students with learning difficulties usually have the idea of inferiority and self-abandonment, and often adopt an evasive or even hostile attitude towards others. If we discipline them too strictly, it will often aggravate their rebellious psychology and fail to achieve the expected educational effect. To this end, the author believes that in specific work, we should help them in their studies, care for them in their thoughts, be considerate of them in their lives, and arouse their confidence and courage with sincere feelings and selfless love. At the same time, pay attention to their voices and difficulties, listen to their opinions with an open mind and adopt their reasonable suggestions. Let them feel the warmth of the class and feel that the teachers treat them equally.
3. Understand the causes of "learning difficulties" and strive to be targeted. Although they are also students with learning difficulties, the reasons behind them may be quite different. Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is an unchangeable teaching principle. A few students with learning difficulties who are really mentally retarded should not be too demanding, but should be persuasive and patient. It is necessary to make the students with learning difficulties with weak internal drive realize the value and function of knowledge and stimulate their desire for learning. For students with learning difficulties with psychological barriers, we should create a good psychological atmosphere for them, establish a relaxed and happy learning environment, care about the improvement of their academic performance, let them experience the joy of success and improve their interpersonal relationship with the people around them. In the education of students with learning difficulties caused by external factors, students who love their families too much should get in touch with their parents, get their close cooperation and work together to overcome their bad habits; Students with broken families should be given special care and care to stimulate their confidence and courage; For students who are influenced by members of bad groups in society, we should improve their ability to distinguish right from wrong and form a correct view of right and wrong.
4. Peer help each other and make progress together. In the process of exploring how to help students with learning difficulties, the author found an interesting phenomenon: sometimes the teacher's explanation is not as effective as that between students. Grasping this feature, the author thinks that students with good grades can help students with learning difficulties and reward their progress, including material rewards and spiritual rewards. For example, the school can set up a scholarship system of "learning progress award" to inform and praise. The "Belt and Road" approach can not only help students with learning difficulties to make progress, but also excellent students can make continuous progress while helping others.
Four. conclusion
Rome was not built in a day. The transformation of students with learning difficulties is destined to be a long-term process. However, the author firmly believes that we should give them more help, whether from family, school, country, society and other aspects, and work together to create a good learning atmosphere for them, encourage them to bravely walk out of their learning difficulties and actively overcome their learning obstacles. Now, we are on the way to strive for a better tomorrow for these children, which makes the author happy!